Isikhunta efulethini: yini okufanele uyenze?

Isikhunta sangaphakathi siyisikhunta esincanyana esingakhula ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene njengezindonga, ophahleni, ifenisha, nasezindaweni zokudla nasezindaweni ezimanzi zegumbi. Isikhunta sakha ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu, ukungabi khona komoya omuhle kanye nokuba khona kwezinto eziphilayo ezingasebenza njengomthombo wokudla kuso.

Isikhunta singaba nemibala ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise emnyama, emhlophe, eluhlaza, noma ewolintshi. Ikhiqiza ngezinhlamvu, ezingasakazeka emoyeni futhi zizinze kwezinye izindawo. Ukuba khona kwesikhunta efulethini akukwazi nje ukudala ukubukeka okungajabulisi, kodwa futhi kubangele izinkinga zempilo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-allergies noma i-asthma.

Ukulawula isikhunta kuhlanganisa ukususa umthombo womswakama, ukufaka umoya endlini njalo, ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane, futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ekhethekile ukubulala isikhunta. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela, njengokugcina amazinga omswakama aphezulu kanye nokwenza ukulungiswa ngesikhathi, kuzosiza ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwesikhunta ezindaweni zokuhlala.

Isikhunta sivelaphi?

Isikhunta efulethini sakhiwe ngezinhlamvu zesikhunta ezikhona endaweni. Inqubo yokwakheka kwesikhunta ihilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa futhi incike ezintweni eziningana ezifana nomswakama, izinto eziphilayo kanye nezinga lokushisa. Nansi incazelo enemininingwane yokuthi isikhunta sivelaphi efulethini:

• Izinhlamvu ze-fungal emoyeni: Izinhlamvu zesikhunta zikhona yonke indawo emoyeni. Zincane nge-microscopically futhi zilula, ezivumela ukuthi zisakaze kalula emoyeni. Lezi zinhlamvu ziyingxenye ye-microflora yemvelo yemvelo.

• Umswakamo: Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokukhula kwesikhunta umswakama ophezulu. Lapho umoya wasendlini uba nomswakama kakhulu, udala izimo ezikahle zokukhula kwesikhunta. Indawo eswakeme, ikakhulukazi uma iqukethe izinto eziphilayo (isb. ukhuni, iphepha lodonga, i-drywall), ingaba indawo ekahle yokubumba isikhunta.
• Izinto eziphilayo: Isikhunta sisebenzisa izinto eziphilayo njengomthombo wokudla. Lokhu kungaba ukhuni, iphepha lodonga, okhaphethi, ukudla, izincwadi, izingubo zokugqoka nezinye izinto eziphilayo. Uma umswakama ukhona futhi izimo zilungile, isikhunta siqala ukuphindaphinda futhi senze izakhiwo zesikhunta ezincane.
• Ukushisa: Isikhunta ngokuvamile sikhula emazingeni okushisa afudumele. Isimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama sidala izimo ezikahle zokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nokuzala kabusha kwesikhunta.

Ngakho-ke, isikhunta singavela efulethini lapho kunenhlanganisela yomswakama ophezulu, ukuba khona kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinga lokushisa elifanele. Ukungena komoya okuvamile, ukulawula umswakama nokuhlanza ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwesikhunta endaweni yakho yokuhlala.

Kukuphi lapho isikhunta esivame ukumila khona efulethini?

Isikhunta sivame ukumila kulezo zindawo zefulethi lapho izimo ezithile zibonwa ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwayo. Nazi ezinye zezindawo ezijwayelekile lapho isikhunta sivame ukumila khona efulethini:

• Igumbi lokugezela: Umswakama ophezulu endlini yokugezela, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokugeza noma ukugeza, kudala izimo ezivumayo zokukhula kwesikhunta. Amakhona, amalunga ethayela, amakhethini eshawa namakhona osilingi yizindawo lapho isikhunta sivame ukumila khona.

• Ikhishi: Isikhunta singavela ekhishini ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu ohambisana nokupheka, imishini yokugeza izitsha kanye nemishini yokuwasha. Isikhunta singakhula nasezindaweni zokucwila, ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwefenisha yasekhishini, nangaphakathi kwamakhabethe, ikakhulukazi uma umswakama ungalawulwa.
• Amagumbi anokungena komoya okuncane: Uma kungekho ukujikeleza komoya okuhle ekamelweni, umswakama ungakhuphuka, okulenze libe yindawo ekahle yokuzalanisa isikhunta. Lokhu kusebenza emakamelweni okulala, emakamelweni okuhlala namanye amagumbi.
• Izindawo ezimnyama: Isikhunta sikhetha izindawo ezimnyama lapho izinto eziphilayo ezihlanganiswe nomswakama zidala izimo ezifanele zokukhula kwayo. Lokhu kungaba ingemuva lefenisha, amakhona, amakhabethe avaliwe, njll.

• Ukufakwa okunganele kwezindonga namafasitela: Izindawo ezingavalekile kahle zingaba lula ukujiya, okuholela ekwandeni komswakama kanye nokukhula kwesikhunta okulandelayo.

Ukungena komoya okuvamile, ukugcina amazinga omswakamo avamile, ukulungisa ukuvuza nokulungisa izindawo ezineziqephu ezilimele kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukubunjwa kwesikhunta endlini yakho.

Kungani isikhunta endlini siyingozi kubantu?

Isikhunta efulethini sibeka ingozi kubantu ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Ama-Allergens: Izinhlamvu zesikhunta kanye nama-metabolite azo zingaba i-allergener enamandla, okubangela ukungezwani komzimba kubantu. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganisa ukukhwehlela, ikhala eligelezayo, ukulunywa, ukuqubuka, kanye nokungezwani komzimba okubi nakakhulu.
2. I-asthma nezinkinga zokuphefumula: Ukuchayeka esikhunjeni isikhathi eside kungabhebhethekisa izinkinga ezikhona zokuphefumula futhi kubangele isifuba somoya kubantu abangenwa yilesi sifo.
3. Ukukhetha kwesitho: Ubuthi besikhunta bungathinta izitho ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuphefumula, izinzwa kanye namasosha omzimba, okungathinta impilo yakho yonke.
4. Izinkinga zesikhumba: Ukuthintana nesikhunta kungabangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba kanye nokuqubuka kwe-allergic.
5. Izinto ezinobuthi: Ezinye izinhlobo zesikhunta zikhiqiza ubuthi (mycotoxins) obungaba yingozi empilweni. Lobu buthi bungaphuma emoyeni bese buhogela, okuholela ezinkingeni ezehlukene, okuhlanganisa isifo sesibindi nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwezitho zomzimba.
6. Izifo ezithathelwanayo: Ezimweni ezingavamile, isikhunta singabangela izifo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Ukuze uvimbele lezi zinkinga, kubalulekile ukugcina ukuhlanzeka, ukuqapha amazinga omswakama, ukunikeza umoya omncane njalo, futhi ususe ngokushesha imithombo yesikhunta ekhaya lakho. Uma kutholwa ukukhula kwesikhunta okubanzi, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nempilo engeyinhle, kutuswa ukuthi uxhumane nensizakalo yokususa isikhunta futhi wenze indawo ibulawe amagciwane.

Indlela yokubhekana nesikhunta endlini

Ukulwa nesikhunta efulethini kudinga indlela ehlanganisiwe. Nazi izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokukusiza ukuthi ubhekane nalesi simo esiyinkinga:

1. Ukuqeda umthombo womswakama:
   • Ukungena komoya okuvamile: Qinisekisa ukuhamba kahle komoya ekamelweni. Faka umoya endlini yakho njalo, ikakhulukazi izindawo ezimanzi njengendlu yokugezela nekhishi.
   • Ukulungisa ukuvuza: Lungisa konke ukuvuza kophahla, ipayipi, iwindi nezicabha ukuvimbela ukungena komswakama.
   • Ukulawula ukuswakama: Sebenzisa ama-humidifiers nama-air conditioner ukuze ugcine amazinga womswakamo afanele wasendlini (ngokuvamile u-30% ukuya ku-50%).
2. Ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane:
   • Ukuhlanza okuvamile: Hlanza futhi ugcine ukuhlanzeka kuzo zonke izindawo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlanza njalo izindonga, amafasitela, phansi nezinye izindawo.
   • Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antimicrobial agents: Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yokuhlanza ekhethekile ebhubhisa isikhunta nezinhlamvu zayo.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-absorbents umswakama:
   • Ijeli ye-silica noma amanye ama-absorbent: Beka izinto ezimunca umswakama ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu ukuze uvimbele ukuminyana ezindaweni ezingaphezulu.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antimicrobial and anti-mold agents:
   • Amalungiselelo akhethekile: Sebenzisa amapende akhethekile e-antimicrobial, ama-varnish noma iphepha lodonga ukuze uvimbele isikhunta ekuveleni ezindongeni.
5. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo:
   • Uviniga: Hlanganisa uviniga namanzi futhi uphathe izindawo ezikhuntile.
   • Izici zokuhlanza i-garlic: Beka amakhanda kagalikhi oqotshiwe ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu.
6. Ukubulala amagciwane okuphrofeshinali:
   • Xhumana nochwepheshe: Ezimweni zesikhunta ezibanzi neziyinkimbinkimbi, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nesevisi yokulungisa isikhunta. Ochwepheshe bazokwenza ukuhlola okuningiliziwe, basuse imithombo, futhi baphakamise izinyathelo ezifanele.

Kubalulekile ukuqapha njalo isimo sendlu yakho futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuvimbela ukubukeka nokuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta.

Yiziphi izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokulwa nesikhunta?

Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwesikhunta kungahluka kuye ngobukhulu be-infestation kanye nohlobo lwendawo. Nawa amakhambi adumile nasebenzayo:

1. Uviniga:
   • Isicelo: Hlanganisa uviniga namanzi ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo futhi usebenzise ezindaweni ezithintekile. Vumela umkhiqizo ukuthi ungene ngaphakathi, bese usula ubuso.
   • Umthetho: Uviniga une-antiseptic kanye ne-antimicrobial properties futhi usiza ukuqeda isikhunta kanye nezinhlamvu zayo.
2. I-hydrogen peroxide:
   • Isicelo: Gcoba i-hydrogen peroxide ezindaweni ezithintekile usebenzisa ibhodlela lesifutho noma isipontshi. Shiya isikhashana, bese usula ngendwangu emanzi.
   • Umthetho: I-hydrogen peroxide ine-bleaching kanye ne-antiseptic effect, ibhubhisa isikhunta.
3. Isoda:
   • Isicelo: Dala i-paste ye-baking soda namanzi, bese uyisebenzisa ezindaweni ezithintekile. Linda isikhathi esithile bese ususa unamathisele.
   • Umthetho: Isoda yokubhaka inezinto ezilimazayo futhi ingasetshenziswa ukususa isikhunta ezindaweni ezingaphezulu.
4. Amafutha etiye:
   • Isicelo: Faka amaconsi ambalwa kawoyela wesihlahla setiye emanzini bese ufafaza ezindaweni ezithintekile.
   • Umthetho: I-Thea tri oil inezinto ezilwa namagciwane futhi ingasiza ekubulaleni isikhunta sesikhunta.
5. I-Borax:
   • Isicelo: Chaza i-Borax emanzini futhi usebenzise ezindaweni ezithintekile. Ngemuva kokumisa, sula ubuso.
   • Umthetho: I-Borax iyi-ejenti esebenzayo ye-antimicrobial engavimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta.
6. Ama-antimicrobial angochwepheshe:
   • Isicelo: Xhumana nochwepheshe noma izitolo zokuthuthukisa ikhaya mayelana nokukhetha umkhiqizo ofanelekile wama-antimicrobial.
   • Umthetho: Eminye imikhiqizo yezobuchwepheshe iklanyelwe ukubulala ngempumelelo isikhunta futhi ivimbele ukuphindeka kwayo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kufanele uhlole indawo encane ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umkhiqizo ukuze ugweme izindawo ezilimazayo. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kwesikhunta esibi kakhulu, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nochwepheshe ukuze uthole ukubulala amagciwane okuphelele futhi uvimbele ukuphindeka.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Yini ebangela ukuba isikhunta sivele efulethini?

Ukubonakala kwesikhunta efulethini ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuba khona komswakama kanye nokuntuleka komoya. Ukungahambi kahle komoya, ukujiya kwamafasitela, uphahla oluvuzayo noma olulimele, nomswakama ophezulu wasendlini konke kungaba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwesikhunta.

Indlela yokunquma ukuba khona kwesikhunta endlini?

Izimpawu zesikhunta zihlanganisa ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama noma aluhlaza ezindongeni, ophahleni, emafasiteleni noma kwezinye izindawo. Kungase futhi kube nephunga elibi, futhi abanye abantu bangase babe nokungezwani komzimba njengokukhwehlela noma ukulunywa kwamehlo.

Indlela yokususa isikhunta endlini ngokwakho?

Ukuze ususe isikhunta ngokwakho, ungasebenzisa uviniga, i-hydrogen peroxide, i-baking soda, amafutha esihlahla setiye, noma i-borax. Dala isisombululo, sebenzisa ezindaweni ezithintekile, vumela isikhathi sokudonsa, bese usula ubuso. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okunzima, kungcono ukuthintana nochwepheshe ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphelele futhi uvimbele ukuphindeka.