Indlela yokukhipha izintuthwane ku-greenhouse: Imihlahlandlela esebenzayo emi-3
Ama-greenhouse nama-hotbed asiza abantu ukuvikela izinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo ekuguquguqukeni okubukhali kwezinga lokushisa, futhi adale izimo ezivumayo kakhulu zokukhula nokuthuthuka kwazo. Kodwa, i-microclimate ekhululekile enjalo yayingathandi abameleli bezitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinambuzane eziningi ezahlukene. Enye yazo kwakuyizintuthwane zasengadini.
Okuqukethwe
Izizathu zokuvela kwezintuthwane ku-greenhouse
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko emibhedeni izintuthwane zasengadini ezimnyama. Lolu hlobo lwesinambuzane lujwayele ukuhlala eduze nezwe labantu futhi alunankinga nokuba isakhamuzi sesakhiwo sokuhlala noma i-greenhouse. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani izinambuzane zigibela ku-greenhouse yilezi:
- inhlabathi evulekile lapho kulula kakhulu ukwakha imigudu;
- izinga lokushisa elikhululekile;
- umswakama ophezulu, onomthelela ekukhiqizeni ama-aphid;
- ukuba khona kwezintuthwane endaweni;
- izinkuni ezibolile ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse;
- akukho ukumba okujulile ngemva kokuvuna.
Iyini ingozi yokuba khona kwezintuthwane ku-greenhouse
Abantu abambalwa bezintuthwane ezincane abakwazi ukulimaza izitshalo. Kodwa, njengoba wazi, lezi zinambuzane azihambi zodwa. Umndeni wezintuthwane okhethe i-greenhouse ungadala izinkinga eziningi:
- ukuthelela ama-aphid kuzo zonke izitshalo ezingaphakathi;
- limaza imbewu namahlumela amasha;
- ukulimaza izimpande zezitshalo;
- ukwandisa kakhulu i-acidity yenhlabathi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezitshalo ezitshalwayo ezingathinteka yizintuthwane ku-greenhouse
Izintuthwane zaziwa ngokuthanda uswidi, futhi kwakungenxa yamazolo amnandi oju lapho lezi zinambuzane zafunda khona “ukuklaba” ama-aphid. Ngesizathu esifanayo, umonakalo omkhulu wezintuthwane uwela kumajikijolo, izithelo nemifino, equkethe inani elikhulu likashukela. Ku-greenhouse, bavame ukulimaza izitshalo ezinjalo:
- utamatisi;
- sitrobheli;
- ukhukhamba;
- isithombo sebhitrudi.
Indlela yokususa izintuthwane ku-greenhouse
Njengoba i-greenhouse iyindawo evaliwe, ukucutshungulwa kwemibhede ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela.
Amakhemikhali
Ukusebenza ngamakhemikhali ku-greenhouse kuyibhizinisi eliyingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukucubungula, kufanele uvule wonke amafasitela neminyango evulekile, futhi ufake izinto zokuzivikela.
Amalungiselelo alandelayo abonise umphumela omuhle kakhulu ekulweni nezintuthwane:
- Intuthwane;
- I-Raptor;
- Ukulwa;
- I-Ecokiller;
- Phonsa;
- Argus.
Izindlela zokupheka zabantu
Abantu abaningi bakhetha izindlela zabantu, ngoba, ngokungafani namakhemikhali, aphephile ngokuphelele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo anikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izindlela ezinjalo zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izitshalo ku-greenhouse.
| Isixazululo se-ammonia | Ukuze uthole ukuhlushwa okudingekayo, udinga ama-2-3 tbsp. l. ncibilikisa i-ammonia kumalitha ama-5 amanzi, futhi uhlakulele inhlabathi ezindaweni lapho izintuthwane zinqwabelana khona. |
| Ingxube yesoda noshukela | Kwanele ukuxuba lezi zingxenye ezimbili bese uhlakaza endleleni yezinambuzane. |
| Amafutha emifino kanye noviniga | Lezi ziphuzo ezimbili kufanele zixutshwe kahle futhi zisetshenziselwe ukufafaza izindawo ezihlala izintuthwane. Ungakwazi futhi ukuchelela isithwathwane ngalesi sixazululo. |
| Isixazululo sikaphalafini | Ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi, kwanele ukwengeza u-2-3 tbsp. l. uphalafini. Ingxube eqediwe isetshenziselwa ukufafaza inhlabathi ku-greenhouse. |
Izicupho nezicupho
Zonke izinhlobo zezicupho kanye nezithiyo ezinobuthi zezinambuzane nazo zisiza ekulweni nezintuthwane. Izimali ezinjalo zingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile, noma zenziwe ngokuzimela. Phakathi kwezicupho ezenziwe ngomumo ezithengiswayo, amadivayisi avela kubakhiqizi be-Raptor kanye ne-Combat azibonakalise ukuthi angcono kakhulu. Kulabo abafuna ukwenza isicupho ngezandla zabo, kunezinketho ezimbalwa ezilula neziphumelelayo.
Ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwezintuthwane ku-greenhouse
Ukuze uvimbele izintuthwane ekufiseni imibhede ye-greenhouse, kufanele ulandele izincomo nemithetho ethile:
- Njalo ngonyaka ngemuva kokuvuna, kuyadingeka ukukhulula nokumba inhlabathi ku-greenhouse.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa iziqongo, ukhula nezinye izinsalela zezitshalo emibhedeni ebamba ukushisa ngesikhathi.
- Izitshalo kufanele zihlolwe njalo ukuze kutholakale ukutheleleka kwezintwala, njengoba izimo ezidalwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa zilungele lezi zinambuzane ezincane ukuze zikhule.
- Lapho kumbiwa, ama-insecticide omlotha noma ama-granular angafakwa emhlabathini ukuze kubulawe izinambuzane zasebusika.
- Ukuhleleka nokuhlanzeka akumele kugcinwe kuphela ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, kodwa futhi kuyo yonke indawo, ngoba izintuthwane ezizinze engadini zingangena kalula endaweni yokushisa ngokumba umhubhe ongaphansi komhlaba.
isiphetho
Izinambuzane eziningi zijabulela ukunethezeka kwe-greenhouse, futhi izintuthwane zasengadini nazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushisa nomswakama ophezulu kuyindawo ekahle kakhulu yokuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa kwama-aphid, futhi lokhu kungabhekwa njengento enkulu yomndeni wezintuthwane.
Ngaphambilini