Izinambuzane ze-gourmet pea weevil: indlela yokuvikela ukutshala
Phakathi kwezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene namabhungane, kukhona nalabo abakhetha ukudla izitshalo ezithile kuphela. Lesi isilokazane se-cereal legumes, i-pea weevil. Ibhungane lithanda kuphela izinhlobo ezithile zikaphizi.
Okuqukethwe
Incazelo yebhungane
Igama: isilwane se-pea
Isi-Latin: Bruchidius incarnatusIbanga: Izinambuzane - isinambuzane
Isigcawu: I-Coleoptera - i-Coleoptera
Umndeni: I-Caryopses - Bruchidae
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | amasimu, izingadi |
 | Kuyingozi ku-: | okusanhlamvu, ikakhulukazi uphizi |
 | Izindlela zokubhubhisa: | fumigation, processing of plant material |
Ibhungane le-pea weevil isinambuzane esincane esikuthanda kakhulu ukudla. Udla uphizi kuphela futhi akazithandi ezinye izitshalo. Umuntu omdala uyibhungane elimnyama elimise okweqanda elibanzi elinezinwele eziphuzi nezimhlophe.
Kukhona iphethini ye-cruciform emhlophe ekugcineni kwesisu. Yileli phethini elihlukanisa izinhlobo ze-pea kwabanye abameleli bezinhlamvu.
Umjikelezo wokuphila
Amaqanda mancane, ukusuka ku-0,5 kuya ku-1 mm, aphuzi-aphuzi ngombala, i-oblong noma i-oval kancane, ahlala emincane ekugcineni. Ukwakhiwa kwamatshe ngokuvamile kuqala ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Umjikelezo wokuphila we-pea weevil.
Ziyahlaliswa amaqanda phezu kukabhontshisi. Izinsikazi ziwandlala kakhulu emazingeni okushisa ashisayo. Ubhontshisi owodwa ungaqukatha amaqanda angama-35.
kusukela eqandeni isibungu uya ngokushesha odongeni noma phakathi kwe-pea. Ikhula ngokushesha futhi idle phakathi nendawo. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nezibungu eziningana kuphizi owodwa, kodwa ngokuvamile kudla okusele futhi kusele eyodwa kuphela.
Ukudla kanye nokuguqukela ekubeni iziphungumangathi kuthatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-30. Iziphungumangathi ziphenduka zibe abantu abadala phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-14. Ngokushisa okunganele, ezinye iziphungumangathi zingase zidlule ubusika kulesi simo, futhi ukuchanyuselwa kwabantu abadala kungase kuqale entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo.
Ngokuvamile amabhungane, ezazibonakala zichanyuselwa ekwindla, ziwela ezinqolobaneni nasebusika lapho ngokunethezeka. Izibungu, iziphungumangathi kanye namabhungane zibekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi kahle emvelweni nasekugcinweni kwazo. Kodwa i-pea weevil ibonisa umsebenzi wokuphila osebenzayo kuphela ngokushisa okuzinzile.
Ukusakaza
Ngokwendawo, i-pea weevil isatshalaliswa noma kuphi lapho lesi sitshalo sitholakala khona ngokwesimo sezulu. Itshalwe eNyakatho Melika, e-Afrika, e-Europe nase-Asia.
Ensimini yaseRussia kuzo zonke izifunda zezingxenye zaseYurophu nase-Asia. Ensimini ye-USSR yangaphambili, i-wewevil ihlala:
- e-Ukraine;
- eMoldavia;
- eCaucasus;
- eGeorgia;
- I-Abkhazia;
- Tajikistan;
- I-Azerbaijan;
- I-Armenia.
Ukulimala kwe-pea weevil
Okusanhlamvu okulimele.
Lesi sinambuzane singasakazeka ezitshalweni ezihlukahlukene. Ngazo, ungena emhlabathini noma endaweni lapho kugcinwa khona isivuno.
Kodwa inkathazo ilimaza uphizi kuphela. Izibungu zonakalisa ukubukeka kanye nekhwalithi yokusanhlamvu. Amabhungane amadala adla ingaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela aphazamise ukuhluma.
Izingxenye ezinegciwane azikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ngisho nokudla kwemfuyo. Indle iqukethe i-alkaloid cantharidin, into enobuthi ebangela ubuthi.
Izindlela zokulwa
Ngokusho kwemibhalo yokulawula, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukulwa ne-pea weevil lapho izingcezu ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 zezibungu noma amabhungane amadala atholakala kukhilogremu eyodwa yokusanhlamvu.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokusiza ukuqeda izinambuzane.
Amakhemikhali
Ukuthuthwa kwesibaya.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-insecticides kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko neziphumelela kakhulu zokuvikela ukutshala nophizi endaweni yokugcina. Izihlahla ziphathwa ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza kanye nasesigabeni sokwakheka kwezimpondo.
Emagcekeni, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcoliswa kokusanhlamvu nemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, i-fumigation, i-aeration kanye ne-disinfection emanzi yenziwa. I-aerosol disinfection noma inhlanganisela yalezi zinqubo nayo ivame ukusetshenziswa.
I-Agrotechnics
Kusuka ezindleleni ze-agrotechnical kuyadingeka ukukhetha:
- izinhlobo ezifanele zikaphizi ezinokuvikeleka;
- ukuhlanza kusenesikhathi;
- ukulima okujulile;
- ukuhlanza izindawo zokugezela;
- ngaphambi kokuhlanza indawo yokugcina indawo kanye nokulawula okugcwele.
Ukulungiselela ukufika
Izibungu kuphizi.
Imbewu ye-peas ihlanzwa nge-disinfected ngaphambi kokutshala. Faka isicelo kusho ukuthi akuthinti ukuhluma. Isixazululo sothuli lwe-hexachlorane sifanelekile. Ngemva kokufafaza, mboza ngoseyili.
Umcimbi ungabanjwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Uma wenza lokhu ngaphambi kokufika, cishe amasonto angama-5-6 ngaphambi kokwehla. Umuthi kuqala udala ubuthi, bese ukhubazeka. Lesi sinambuzane asifi ngokushesha, kufanele sithathe cishe inyanga.
isiphetho
I-Pea weevil iyisilokazana se-gourmet. Ingaphila ngobhontshisi obuhlukene, kodwa idla uphizi kuphela. Ngokuzalana ngobuningi, kungashwabadela wonke amasimu okutshalwa kukabhontshisi futhi kuncishe isivuno. Balwa ngezigaba, bacubungula kokubili ukugcinwa kanye nokufika.
Ngaphambilini