Indlovukazi yentuthwane: indlela yokuthola

Izintuthwane zingaba izivakashi ezingafunwa ekhaya lakho, zibangele izinkinga eziningi. Amakoloni abo akhula ngokushesha futhi abangele ukulimala ngaphakathi nangaphandle, okulimaza izitshalo. Indlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela ukusakazeka okwengeziwe kwezintuthwane ukuthola nokukhipha intuthwane eyindlovukazi endaweni yangakini. Ukuze wenze lo msebenzi ngempumelelo, uzodinga ulwazi olukhethekile noma usizo oluvela kochwepheshe.

Thola futhi ubambe intuthwane eyindlovukazi

Ake sibheke imibuzo embalwa ukuze sicacise ukuthi kungani izintuthwane zingase zivele ezindlini zethu. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinambuzane zikhetha izindawo ezinokushisa okungaba ngu-25 degrees ukuze zakhe izidleke zazo. Kungani beza ezindlini zethu?

Impendulo ilula:

1. Ukufinyelela ekudleni: Izintuthwane zikhetha izindawo ezitholakala njalo ekudleni, futhi uma unokudla okuningi, lokhu kungaholela eqoqweni lezintuthwane.
2. Okuncanyelwayo Kokushisa: Izintuthwane zikhetha izimo ezifudumele, ngakho ngezikhathi ezifudumele zingase zivele ekhaya lakho.
3. Izimo ezimanzi: Izinhlobo eziningi zezintuthwane zithanda izimo zokuhlala ezimanzi.
4. Uthando lwamaswidi nofulawa: Izintuthwane zikhangwa ukudla okumnandi nokunesitashi, okungase kubangele ukuthi zivele.

Ngakho, ukugcina izinto zihlanzekile futhi uvimbele ukufinyelela ekudleni kunganciphisa amathuba okuheha izintuthwane ekhaya lakho.

Izinhlobo zezintuthwane ekhaya

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezintuthwane, ezihlanganisa ezibomvu, eziphuzi nezimnyama. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinhlobo, ngisho noma ubona izintuthwane ezimbalwa, kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuvimbela isihlwathi ukuthi singasakazeki futhi senze ikoloni ekhaya lakho. Ukuba khona kwalezi zinambuzane emzini womuntu akuthandeki.

Ukuze ulwe ngokuphumelelayo ne-coloni yezintuthwane futhi uzuze imiphumela oyifunayo ekulweni nalezi zinambuzane, kubalulekile ukukhomba okulandelayo:

1. Sesha indlovukazi (indlovukazi);
2. Ukunqunywa kwezindawo eziyinhloko zabantu abasebenzayo;
3. Ukukhomba indawo yesiduli.

Izintuthwane zikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezimnyama futhi okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo eduze nomthombo wamanzi. Bangase bakhethe indawo yekhishi noma indlu yangasese njengendawo yabo yokuhlala. Izimo ezikhululekile kubo zihlanganisa izindawo ezishisayo ezifana namapayipi okushisa, ama-boilers noma izitofu.

Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwephansi, izindonga, izintambo zikagesi namapayipi amanzi kuzoveza izintuthwane ezihamba ngazo ukuya esidlekeni. Izindawo lapho i-parquet, i-linoleum noma i-laminate ixhumeka khona ezindongeni nazo zingasetshenziswa izintuthwane ukwakha imigudu yezidleke.

Lapho zihlala efulethini, izintuthwane zivame ukuhlala emapulangwe aphansi, ikakhulukazi lapho indawo yazo yamanje inganele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ithimba lochwepheshe liyadingeka ngamathuluzi adingekayo kanye nezidakamizwa zokubhubhisa isidleke ngokuphumelelayo.

Ubuqili! Ngokuqapha izindlela zokuhamba kwezintuthwane, ungakwazi ukubona indawo yesidleke sazo futhi uvale lezi zindlela usebenzisa i-silicone noma i-plasticine.

Ngabanye kanye nezinhlobo zezintuthwane

Esinye sezivakashi ezingafuneki ezivame kakhulu endaweni yasekhaya intuthwane evuna amaqele (Messor structor). Abasebenzi namasosha alolu hlobo ngokuvamile ahluka ngosayizi kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-9 millimeters. Abesifazane nabesilisa bafinyelela cishe isentimitha elingu-1. Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili, intuthwane ephuzi yase-Amazon (Polyergus rufescens) kanye nentuthwane yesigqila (Raptiformica sanguinea), nazo ziyizivakashi ezivamile ezindlini zabantu. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zingezezintuthwane eziyizigqila. Ubude bomzimba wamasosha buhluka kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-7 mm, kwabesifazane - kusuka ku-8 kuye ku-9 mm, nakwabesilisa - kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-7 mm.

Kungani intuthwane yendlovukazi ibizwa ngendlovukazi?

Lonke isithwathwane kanye nekoloni laso kungaphansi kwendlovukazi, eyenza umsebenzi obalulekile ekuzaleni. Indlovukazi izala abantwana, futhi indima yayo ngokuyinhloko ukudala abesifazane, okubuye kube amakoloni amasha.

Cishe yonke imbovane isebenza ngokwezithakazelo zayo. Kodwa-ke, uma indlovukazi ikhiqiza inzalo ngokushesha kakhulu noma, ngokuphambene, kancane kancane, izifundo zingase zinqume ukubhubhisa indlovukazi.

Ngemuva kokubhujiswa kwendlovukazi kanye nenqwaba yabasebenzi, kuyadingeka ukwenza njalo izinyathelo zokuvimbela endlini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqaliswa kabusha kwabantu.

Ibukeka kanjani indlovukazi yezintuthwane?

Ukuze ulwe ngokuphumelelayo nezintuthwane efulethini, kuyadingeka ukuthola nokubhubhisa intuthwane yendlovukazi. Uma indlovukazi, noma indlovukazi, igcinwa, iyakwazi ukubeletha inzalo entsha ngesikhathi esifushane, okuzoholela ekubuyiselweni ngokushesha kwezinambuzane. Phakathi nenyanga, inani lezintuthwane lingakhula izikhathi eziningana. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlonza nokuqeda insikazi ebusayo kuyisihluthulelo sokulawula ngempumelelo izinambuzane ezingafunwa ekhaya lakho.

I-anthill isebenza ngokuvumelana nesistimu ecacile ye-hierarchical, futhi phezulu kwayo yindlovukazi yekoloni. Indlovukazi (indlovukazi) ivame ukuzala inzalo, iqinisekisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo nokubuyiselwa kwenani lezinambuzane. Lona umsebenzi oyinhloko wesibeletho. Yonke eminye imisebenzi yenziwa izintuthwane eziyizisebenzi: izisebenzi ezivamile zifuna ukudla nezinto zokwakha, kanti izintuthwane ezingamasosha zivikela isiduli.

Izintuthwane eziyizisebenzi azikwazi ukuthatha indawo yendlovukazi noma zithathe indawo yakhe, ngakho-ke ukuze kuphumelele ukusinda kwekoloni indlovukazi kufanele iqhubeke iphila.

Indlela yokuthola indlovukazi yendlovukazi?

Ukukhomba indlovukazi yezintuthwane, kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa izici zayo kubantu abasebenzayo futhi wazi izici zayo zesici.

Izimpawu zesibeletho:

1. Isisu sikhulu ngosayizi.
2. Ukuba khona kwemivimbo.
3. Usayizi obalulekile uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izintuthwane.
4. Ukungasebenzi kwesibeletho.
5. Igobolondo elimnyama le-chitinous.

Ulwazi olwengeziwe: kungase kube nezindlovukazi ezimbalwa esidulini seziduli. Ezinsikazi ziyandiza futhi zenze amakoloni amasha, kuyilapho izindlovukazi zingahlala ndawonye esidlekeni esifanayo.

Ukuba khona kwamaphiko kanye nekhono lokubekela amaqanda kuchaza isisu esikhulu sendlovukazi uma siqhathaniswa nezintuthwane eziyizisebenzi. Uthanda ukudla okunamaprotheni njengoba kucebile ngama-kilojoule. Phakathi nehlobo lezintuthwane, lapho izindlovukazi zesikhathi esizayo zivuthwa, abesilisa bayafa, futhi ezinsikazi ezivundisiwe zifuna indawo yokuzalanisa futhi zenze isiduli esisha. Phakathi nokuphila kwayo okude, okungahlala amashumi eminyaka, indlovukazi ingazalela amaqanda afika engxenyeni yesigidi.

Amaphiko akhona kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zezintuthwane, kodwa abesifazane bayawahlafuna ngemva kokuvundiswa.

Sifuna umuzi weNdlovukazi efulethini

Uhlala ubona ingxenye yeshumi kuphela yabo bonke abantu be-anthill efulethini. Lapho iqembu elincane lezintuthwane lithola ushukela noma enye imfucumfucu yokudla phansi, cishe zingabasebenzi. Ukuziqeda ngeke kuholele emiphumeleni oyifunayo. Indlovukazi izoqala kabusha umsebenzi wayo ngokushesha, izalele amaqanda amasha futhi iqhubeke nokuzala. Impumelelo ingatholakala kuphela ngokusesha nokubamba zonke izindlovukazi ze-anthill.

Ukuthola isidleke sezintuthwane kuzodinga isineke kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Gada umnyakazo wezintuthwane eziyizisebenzi ngokufunda imizila yazo eya ekudleni.
2. Indlovukazi ivame ukucasha ezindaweni ezikude, ezifudumele nezinomswakama. Hlola izindlu zangasese, imishayo yokufaka umoya kanye namalokha.
3. Ungawashiyi ngaphandle amathuba okuthi izintuthwane zihlale kuvulandi noma ezindlini ezingaphansi eziseduze.
4. Zonke izintuthwane zithanda ukudla okuyinqwaba njengokusanhlamvu, ushukela nofulawa. Hlola amakhabethe aqukethe le mikhiqizo ngokucophelela.

Indawo yokuhlala yezinambuzane ingaba cishe noma yikuphi, okuhlanganisa izindawo okunzima ukuzifinyelela njengama-floor slabs, ama-attics noma izitezi.

Ingabe kwanele ukubulala intuthwane yendlovukazi?

Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi ukubhujiswa kwendlovukazi kuzoholela ekushabalaleni okuphelele kwekoloni. Isibonelo, uma ubhubhise indlovukazi ngesikhathi isivele inama-brood, amathuba okubhujiswa okuphelele kwe-anthill aphezulu. Kodwa-ke, uma indlovukazi ikwazi ukubeka amaqanda, futhi izintuthwane ezisebenzayo zikwazi ukuwavikela, enye yazo ingase ibe nensikazi noma indlovukazi yesikhathi esizayo, ezokhula futhi idale isidleke esisha.

Ukulwa namakoloni ezindlu zezintuthwane

Ku-inthanethi ungathola izindlela eziningi zokupheka ezinikezwa ukuqeda izinambuzane, kodwa ekusebenzeni ngokuvamile zibonakala zingasebenzi.

Ukulwa nezintuthwane kungase kuhlanganise izindlela ezimbalwa:

1. Ukusebenzisa amakhambi esintu, njengezitshalo ezinephunga elimnandi, ngokweseluleko sikagogo.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ekwelapheni izakhiwo, njengezimpushana, izinti ezinobuthi, amathini okufutha namashubhu ejeli.
3. Ukufakwa kwama-emitters e-ultrasonic.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinobuthi.

Izindlela zendabuko zivame ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezinephunga elinamandla, kodwa zisebenza okwesikhashana kuphela ukuxosha izinambuzane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali endlini njengezimpushana, ukudla okunobuthi, nezinye izinhlobo zamakhemikhali kusebenza kangcono.

Izithiyo ezinobuthi eziklanywe ngokukhethekile ziye zafakazela ukusebenza kwazo, njengoba izisebenzi ngokwazo zithwala ukudla okunobuthi ngaphakathi kwe-anthill, okuholela kancane kancane ekubhujisweni kwendlovukazi.

Lahla izintuthwane eziyizisebenzi nendlovukazi yazo

Indlovukazi ihlala isendaweni engafinyeleleki kakhulu ye-anthill, okwenza ukuqedwa kwayo kube nzima. Nakuba zikhona izindlela zendabuko ezingasetshenziswa ukubulala indlovukazi, ngokuvamile zinikeza ukuyeka okwesikhashana ukusebenza kwezinambuzane. Ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo efana noviniga noma i-boric acid kungase kwenze izintuthwane zibonakale zinyamalala, kodwa lokhu cishe kuwumphumela wesikhashana ngenxa yomphumela wokuzwela kwazo iphunga.

Lapho zonke izindlovukazi seziqediwe, izintuthwane ezisele ziyoqaphela ukuthi ukuba khona kwazo endaweni ethile sekuyingozi futhi cishe zizoshiya indawo yakho.

Ukuze uxazulule ngokuphelele futhi ngempumelelo inkinga, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nochwepheshe, uhlole ikhaya lakho futhi wenze ukwelashwa okuphelele, okuzokuvumela ukuthi ulahle izivakashi ezingafuneki unomphela.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Ibukeka kanjani intuthwane eyindlovukazi?

Indlovukazi yezintuthwane ihlukaniswa ngobukhulu bayo obukhulu, obukhulu ngokuphindwe kaningana kunabo bonke abanye abantu baleli koloni. Ibonakala ngokuba khona kwemivimbo esiswini kanye negobolondo elimnyama le-chitinous. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwamaphiko kwenza ingxenye engaphambili yomzimba ibe nkulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yesidingo sokubeka amaqanda njalo, isibeletho sihamba kancane.

Zingaki izindlovukazi ezitholakala esidulini?

Kuye ngesakhiwo sekholoni, kungase kube nezindlovukazi eziningana ku-anthill. Uma kunezidleke eziningana ezixhumene endlini yakho, ngayinye yazo ngokuvamile inendlovukazi yayo. Inhlangano enjalo yenza kube nzima inqubo yokuqeda lonke leli koloni.

Ungabamba nini indlovukazi?

Isikhathi esifanele sokuthumba intuthwane eyindlovukazi isikhathi esingaphambi kokuba izalele amaqanda. Uma leli koloni lalicekelwa phansi ngemva kokuba indlovukazi isiqalile ukubeka amaqanda, izisebenzi zazingase zibe nesikhathi sokuthwala futhi zifihle ezinye zezingane ezizayo, okwandisa amathuba okuba kuqhamuke indlovukazi entsha.