Izinyosi zababazi: ziyini nokuthi zingasuswa kanjani

Inyosi engumbazi iwuhlobo lwenyosi eyingxenye yohlobo lwe-Xylocopa. Lezi zidalwa ezithandekayo zaziwa ngamakhono azo amangalisayo okwenza izinkuni. Ngokungafani nezinyosi nezinyosi, ezihlala ezidlekeni noma ngaphansi komhlaba, izinyosi ezibaziyo zakha izidleke zazo ngomhubhe okhunini. Bakhetha ukhuni olufile noma olubolile, njengeziqu zezihlahla ezindala noma izakhiwo zokhuni ezingalungiswanga.

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani kufanele sazise izinyosi zombazi ezingadini zethu. Bangabathuthi bempova abakhethekile!

Lezi zinyosi zidlala indima ebalulekile ku-ecosystem ngokuvakashela izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Njengoba zisuka ezimbalini ziye kwelinye zifuna umpe nempova, zidlulisa okusanhlamvu kwempova, okwenza izitshalo zikwazi ukukhiqiza izithelo nembewu. Ngokusekela inqubo yokuthuthwa kwempova, izinyosi ezibaziyo zineqhaza empilweni nasekukhiqizeni izingadi zethu.

Ungase ube nokukhathazeka ngomonakalo ongase ubangelwe yizinyosi zombazi ezakhiweni zokhuni. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngokuvamile baqondisa izinkuni ezingalashwa noma ezinesimo sezulu. Engadini eqhubekayo nephilayo, singathatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela noma ukunciphisa umonakalo ngenkathi sisazisa lezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo.

Ngokunikeza ezinye izinketho zokuzalela, njengezindlu zezinyosi noma amahhotela ezinyosi enziwe ngezingodo zokhuni olungaphekiwe noma amabhulokhi okhuni, singakwazi ukuyenga izinyosi zombazi kude nezakhiwo zethu zokhuni futhi sizinikeze izindawo zokuhlala ezifanele.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukusho ukuthi izinyosi zombazi ngokuvamile azinangozi futhi azivamile ukuhlaba. Amaduna, avame ukuzulazula ezindaweni ezalela kuzo, ayindawo kodwa awanalo udosi. Ezinsikazi zinezidosi, kodwa zithambile futhi ziyaluma kuphela lapho zicasuliwe noma zisongelwa. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokubesaba ngenkathi usebenza engadini yakho.

Ngokuqonda nokuhlonipha indima yezinyosi ezibaziyo ku-ecosystem, singakhuthaza ubudlelwano obuvumelanayo nalaba bathutha impova abasebenza kanzima.

Ngezinqubo ezisimeme zezingadi ezibeka kuqala ukuhlukahluka kwezitshalo, ukulawula izinambuzane eziphilayo kanye nokunikeza ezinye izinketho zokuzalela, singakha ingadi echumayo ngokuba khona kwezinyosi ezibazisayo kuyilapho sigcina ubuqotho bezakhiwo zethu zamapulangwe.

Iyini inyosi engumbazi?

Igama elithi izinyosi zombazi lisebenza ezinyosini eziningana ezahlukene e-US ezimba imigudu okhunini olunomsindo. Izinyosi zombazi zibukeka ngendlela efanayo nezinyosi ezi-bumble, kodwa indawo engaphezulu yesisu imnyama, iyacwebezela, futhi cishe ayinaboya ngokuphelele. Abesifazane banobuso obumnyama, kanti ubuso besilisa bumhlophe.

Lezi zinyosi zithola igama lazo elivamile emkhubeni wezinyosi zezinsikazi ezimbaza ukumba amagalari okuzalela ehlathini ukuze athole amaphuphu azo. Izinyosi ezibaziyo ziyizithuthi zempova ezibalulekile, ezidla umpe nempova; abazidli izinkuni.

Izinyosi ezinkulu zombazi ziyingxenye ye-Xylocapa. Izinhlobo ezimbili zomdabu, i-Xylocopa micans ne-Xylocopa virginica, zitholakala empumalanga ye-United States. Izinyosi ezimbalwa zomdabu zababazi ziyatholakala nasentshonalanga ye-United States.

Izinyosi zombazi zivame ukubonakala zizungeza eduze kwama-eaves, amadekhi, nophahla lwamavulandi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lapho izinyosi zombazi zizulazula eduze kwakho, njengoba izinyosi zesilisa zisebenza njengezinyosi "zokuqapha" futhi zingaba nolaka lapho zivikela indawo yazo; okuhle wukuthi ulaka lwabo luwumbukiso nje njengoba bengeke balume. Izinyosi zezinsikazi ezibaziyo azinawo ulaka futhi azivamisile ukuvikela izindawo zokuzalela, nakuba zingahlaba uma zibanjiwe.

Izinyosi zombazi, nakuba zingenabungozi, zandisa inani lezidleke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zibangele umonakalo omkhulu okhunini. Bangakwazi futhi ukushiya amamaki ebusweni babo.

Abantu bavame ukwethuka lapho bebona izinyosi zombazi zikhasa esihlahleni. Abesifazane bangaluma, kodwa kuphela uma becasukile. Amaduna anobutha, endiza ezungeza abantu nezilwane ezifuywayo, kodwa aziyona ingozi ngoba abesilisa abanalo udosi.

Nakuba lezi zinambuzane zingabangela umonakalo okhunini, abanikazi bezindlu bangenza izinto ezimbalwa ezilula ukuze bazilawule, njengokudweba ukhuni nokugcina iminyango yangaphandle ikhiyiwe ukuze kukhawulwe ukufinyelela kwezinyosi zababazi okhunini olungasetshenziselwa ukwakha igalari.

Umjikelezo wokuphila wenyosi engumbazi

Izinyosi ezindala zidlula ubusika emhubheni wokhuni futhi zivele entwasahlobo elandelayo ukuze zihlangane. Ngemva kokukhulula indawo entsha yamaqanda emigodini ekhona, izinyosi zezinsikazi zigcwalisa amakamelo ngesinkwa sezinyosi, zizalela iqanda elilodwa ngesikhathi, futhi zivale igumbi ngalinye.

Ngokuvamile, izinyosi zasempumalanga zikhiqiza amaqanda angu-6-8 ngesikhathi. Inyosi ichitha isilinganiso sezinsuku ezimbili njengeqanda, izinsuku ezingu-15 njengezibungu, izinsuku ezine esigabeni sokuqala, kanye nezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu njenge-pupa.

Abadala baphuma ngo-August, baphakele, bese bebuyela esidlekeni esifanayo ukuze bafike ebusika futhi baqale inqubo. Ngokuvamile, izinyosi zombazi (kanye nezinyosi ngokuvamile) zingaphila iminyaka emithathu.

Ingabe Izinyosi Zombazi Ziyingozi?

Izinyosi ezibaziyo ngokuvamile azinangozi, nakuba ukuba khona kwazo eduze nomnyango wendlu noma isakhiwo kungase kubangele ukukhathazeka. Izinyosi zezinsikazi ezibaziyo azivamile ukulunywa ngaphandle kwalapho zizwa zicasukile ngokuqondile, futhi udosi lwazo aluhlabanga njengolwenyosi yoju noma inyosi.

Okuwukuphela kwengozi yangempela ebangelwa izinyosi ezibaziyo wumonakalo ongase ube khona ezakhiweni zokhuni uma zinquma ukwenza isidleke sazo ngaphakathi. Imigodi yazo inamandla okwenza imishayo nezigxobo zibe buthaka, futhi ukuba khona kwazo eduze nezakhiwo kungaholela komunye umonakalo uma zinganakekelwa.

Indlela Yokukhomba Inyosi Yombazi

Lezi zinhlobo zezinyosi ziqinile futhi zingafinyelela kubude obuyiyintshi elingu-1. Ingaphezulu lesisu sazo lingenalutho futhi libonakala limnyama ngokucwebezelayo. Isifuba simbozwe izinwele eziwolintshi, eziphuzi noma ezimhlophe. Ikhanda labo licishe lilingane nethorax. Lezi zinyosi zinenani eliminyene loboya emilenzeni yazo yangemuva.

Njengezinyosi, izinyosi zombazi zinosayizi ofanayo ngaphandle kwekhanda lazo, nekhanda le-bumblebee lincane kakhulu kunethorax. Izinyosi zinezisu ezinoboya kakhulu ezinezimpawu eziphuzi nobhasikidi abakhulu bempova emilenzeni yazo yangemuva. Njengezinambuzane zomphakathi, ama-bumblebees ahlala emakoloni anezidleke ngokuvamile emhlabathini.

Zitholakalaphi izinyosi zombazi?

Njengezinambuzane ezihlala zodwa, izinyosi zombazi aziwakhi amakoloni. Inyosi ngayinye yensikazi yakha igalari yesidleke sayo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokhuni. Izinyosi eziningana zombazi zivame ukusebenzisa ukhuni olufanayo, ezinemibukiso eyenzeka eduze komunye nomunye, kodwa inyosi ngayinye iziphatha ngokuzimele kwamanye amalungu.

Izinyosi zeduna nezinsikazi ziphuma ngo-April kuyo yonke intwasahlobo kanye nomlingani. Amaduna asendaweni azungeza eduze lapho izinsikazi ezikhwelayo ziqala umsebenzi wokuzalela.

Ukwakhiwa kwegalari kuyinqubo edinga amandla futhi edinga abasebenzi; Ababazi besifazane bakhetha ukulungisa isidleke esidala kunokuba bakhe esisha. Izinyosi zezinsikazi ezingababazi zingasebenzisa i-galley ekhona, ziyinwebe, noma zimbe igalari entsha embobeni yokungena ekhona.

Ukwakha isidleke esisha, izinyosi zezinsikazi ezibaziyo zisebenzisa izintambo zazo eziqinile ukuze zimbe imbobo eyindilinga, ehlanzekile yokungena ngaphansi nje kwamayintshi angu-½ ububanzi, cishe ububanzi bomzimba wazo.

Ube esebhoboza okhunini ngokuhambisana nokusanhlamvu, ajikeleze futhi ambe eduze kwezinhlamvu zokhuni cishe amayintshi angu-4 kuya kwangu-6 ukuze akhe igalari (umhubhe). Uyimba ngenani elingaba iyintshi elilodwa ngezinsuku eziyisithupha.

Inyosi ngayinye engumbazi idala umugqa wamaseli ama-brood ngaphakathi kwegalari. Indawo yokulondoloza izibungu iqukethe ingxube yempova namabhola ompe aphinde agaywe. Ezinsikazi zakha i-bolus yokudla ekugcineni kude kwegalari embiwe, zizalela amaqanda phezu kwenqwaba, bese zihlukanisa izindonga ze-brood cell ngokhuni oluhlafunwayo.

Izinyosi zezinsikazi ezibaziyo zivame ukudala amaseli ama-brood ahlukene ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi ngokulandelana endaweni eyodwa bese ziyafa maduzane ngemva kwalokho. Izinyosi zabesilisa ezibaziyo nazo zihlala isikhathi esifushane. Izibungu zidla insada yokudla yompe/impova, eyanele ukuthi ikhule ifinyelele esigabeni se-pupal kanye nesabantu abadala.

Ingabe izinyosi zombazi ziyahlaba?

Uma ubona inyosi engumbazi igijima futhi ibhuza ibheke kuwe, cishe inyosi yesilisa. Izinyosi zesilisa ezibaziyo azinalo udosi, ngakho-ke zizobeka isibonisi esisongelayo njengendlela yokuzivikela.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinyosi zezinsikazi ezibaza zinezinyosi ezinobuthi futhi, ngokungafani nezinye izinambuzane ezindizayo, ziyakwazi ukuhlaba izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Izinyosi zezinsikazi zivame ukuhlala eduze kwamaqanda azo, ngakho-ke cishe ngeke uhlangane nazo ngaphandle kokuthi uphazamise isidleke sazo; bazoluma kuphela uma bezwa ukucasuka okuqondile.

Umonakalo odalwe izinyosi ezibaziyo

Izinyosi ezibaziyo zingalimaza izakhiwo zokhuni, kuhlanganise namadekhi, ama-eves, uthango, nefenisha yokhuni. Zithathwa njengohlupho olukhulu lwempahla futhi ziyelapheka ngoba zingadala umonakalo esakhiweni uma zingalashwa.

Bakha imigudu ngokubhoboza okhunini olungaphekiwe noma oluqinile, ngokuvamile luqondise izinkuni ezithambile ezifana nomsedari, ukhuni olubomvu noma uphayini. Izimbobo zokungena abazenzayo ngokuvamile ziyindilinga futhi cishe ingxenye ye-intshi ububanzi.

Nakuba umonakalo obangelwa izinyosi zombazi ungase ungabonakali, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngokuvamile zibeka ingozi encane ekuthembekeni kwesakhiwo samalungu ezinkuni.

Ngokungafani nomuhlwa, izinyosi zombazi azisebenzisi izinkuni njengomthombo wazo oyinhloko wokudla. Amaphaseji azo asetshenziswa kakhulu ukwakha izidleke futhi awangeni ekujuleni kwehlathi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isimo sezulu kanye nokuchayeka ezakhiweni kungabangela ukhuni olungaphekiwe ukuba lube nemifantu, okungenza kube lula ukusebenza kwezinyosi zombazi. Nokho, ukugcinwa njalo nokuvala izakhiwo zokhuni kungasiza ekunciphiseni umonakalo ongase ubangelwe izinyosi zombazi.

Nakuba umonakalo oqondile wezinyosi ezibazisayo okhunini ngokuvamile unomkhawulo, imisebenzi yazo ingaheha iziqophamithi nezinye izinambuzane eziwuhlupho. Izibungu ezinkulu ezikhula zibe imihubhe ezindlini zivame ukukhanga iziqophamithi ezifuna ukwakha izinyosi ezibazayo futhi zandise umonakalo emigodini ekhona.

Izimpawu zokuhlasela kwezinyosi zombazi

Izinyosi ezibaziyo zenza izimbobo zokungena ezihlukile, eziyindilinga ngokhuni, ngokuvamile ezingaba nguhhafu we-intshi ububanzi. Lezi zimbobo zibushelelezi futhi zingavela njengemibuthano ebhobozwe ngokuphelele ebusweni bezakhiwo zokhuni. Qaphela lezi zimbobo zokungena, ikakhulukazi okhunini olunganakiwe noma olucindezelekile.

Njengoba izinyosi zombazi zingena okhunini, zikhipha izinhlayiya zokhuni noma izinhlaka. Lokhu kubangela ukunqwabelana kwezinto ezifana ne-sawdust ngaphansi kwezimbobo zokungena. Ungase ubone izinqwaba ezincane ze-sawdust noma ama-frass eduze nezimbobo, okubonisa umsebenzi wezinyosi zombazi.

Olunye uphawu lokuhlasela kwezinyosi zombazi ukuba khona kwezinyosi eduze nezakhiwo zokhuni. Izinyosi zesilisa ezibaziyo, ezivame ukuphawuleka kakhulu ngenxa yokuziphatha kwazo kwendawo, zingase zizulazule ezindaweni ezizalela kuzo noma zindiza ngendlela ehlukile yamazombezombe. Izinyosi zezinsikazi zingabonakala zingena noma ziphuma emigodini yokungena.

Iziqophamithi ziyizilwane ezidla izinyosi ezibaziyo. Uma ubona ukwanda kwesiqophamithi, njengokupetula noma ukubhoboza izimbobo ezakhiweni zokhuni, kungaba inkomba yokuhlasela kwezinyosi zombazi. Iziqophamithi zikhangwa izibungu zezinyosi zombazi futhi zizifuna njengomthombo wokudla.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umsebenzi oqhubekayo wezinyosi zombazi ungabangela umonakalo obonakalayo ezakhiweni zokhuni. Bheka izimpawu zokuwohloka kwezinkuni, njengezindawo ezithambile noma ezibuthakathaka, ukuqhekeka noma ukuwohloka kokhuni ezizungeze izimbobo zokungena.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukulimala kwezinyosi zombazi ngokuvamile kukhawulelwe ezingqimbeni ezingaphezulu zokhuni futhi akuvamile ukuthinta ubuqotho besakhiwo.

Ungaziqeda Kanjani Izinyosi Zombazi

Nikeza amanye amasayithi okuzalela kuwo

Njengoba izinyosi zombazi zikhangwa ngokhuni olungaphathwa noma olunesimo sezulu, ungaziqeda amandla ekuhlaseleni izakhiwo zakho ngokunikeza ezinye izinketho zokuzalela.

Faka amabhulokhi ezinyosi noma amahhotela ezinyosi usebenzisa izingodo zokhuni oluqinile ezingalungiswanga noma amabhulokhi okhuni anezimbobo ezimbozwe ngaphambili. Bazohlinzeka ngendawo efanelekayo yezinyosi zombazi, baphambukise ukunaka kwabo ezakhiweni zokhuni.

Sebenzisa izicupho

Izicupho zezinyosi zombazi zingamathuluzi alula futhi asebenzayo asetshenziselwa ukubamba nokulawula izinyosi zombazi. Izicupho zivame ukwenziwa ngamabhulokhi okhuni ambozwe ngaphambili anamathiselwe ezitsheni zengilazi noma amabhodlela epulasitiki. Izinyosi zikhangwa ibhulokhi yokhuni elingisa indawo yazo yemvelo yokuzalela bese zikhasa emigodini ebhojwe ngaphambili. Lapho sezibanjiwe, izinyosi azikwazi ukuphunyuka futhi ekugcineni ziyafa. Izicupho zezinyosi zombazi kulula ukwenza ekhaya, futhi kunezinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo ezithengiswayo.

Gcwalisa izimbobo zezinyosi ezikhona

Uma uhlonze ukuthi unezimbobo zezinyosi zombazi ezakhiweni zakho zokhuni, ungazigcwalisa nge-wood putty noma i-caulk ekwindla sekwephuzile noma ebusika lapho izinyosi zingasebenzi.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungakwazi ukumboza imbobo yokungena nge-dowel yokhuni ehlanganiswe ne-wood glue. Lokhu kuzogcina izinyosi zesikhathi esizayo zingasebenzisi amathaneli amadala, ukhuni olubolayo, nokuthola umswakama ngaphakathi. Qinisekisa ukuthi upende kabusha noma uvale izindawo ezilungisiwe ukuze uvimbele ukuhlasela okuzayo.

Upende noma uvale umsebenzi wokhuni

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuhlasela izinyosi zombazi singaphambi kokuba imigudu yazo yakhiwe ngokugcwele.

Ukuze wenze izakhiwo zakho zokhuni zingakhangi kangako ezinyosini zababazi, cabanga ngokudweba noma ukuzifaka uphawu. Izinyosi mancane amathuba okuba ziqondise izindawo ezibushelelezi, ezipendiwe, noma ezimbozwe ngevarnish noma nge-polyurethane. Khetha amapende alungele imvelo, anobuthi obuphansi noma ama-sealant ukuze ulondoloze izinqubo zemvelo.

Amabala nezivimbelakuvunda azihlali isikhathi eside kunokudweba, kodwa zinganikeza ukuxosha uma kuqhathaniswa nokhuni olungenalutho. Kuyasiza futhi ukugcina amagaraji nezakhiwo ezingaphandle zivaliwe uma izinyosi zisebenza.

Sebenzisa izixosha zemvelo

Amanye amakha namafutha angavimba izinyosi ezibazayo. Ukufaka izinto zokuxosha zemvelo njengamafutha ezisawolintshi, uwoyela we-alimondi, noma uwoyela we-eucalyptus endaweni yokhuni kungase kuthene amandla izinyosi ekuzaleni. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi lezi zixosha zingezesikhashana futhi zidinga ukuphinda zisetshenziswe ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ukukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwezitshalo

Ukukhuthaza izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo eziqhakaza engadini yakho kuheha izinhlobonhlobo ze-pollinator, kuhlanganise nezinyosi ezibaziyo.

Ngokuhlinzeka ngemithombo eningi yompe nempova, ungakha i-ecosystem elinganiselayo lapho izinyosi ezibaziyo zingenakukwazi ukugxila endaweni ethile. Izitshalo eziqhakazayo zomdabu zizuzisa kakhulu ngoba ziye zavela ngokubambisana ne-pollinator yendabuko.

Khuthaza Izilwane Ezidla Izilwane Zemvelo

Ukwethula izilwane ezidla ezinye zemvelo kungasiza ukulawula inani lezinyosi zombazi, njengoba ezinye izinhlobo zemivi zaziwa ngokudla izinyosi ezibaziyo.

Ukunikeza izindawo zokuhlala ezifanele njengezihlahla, izihlahlana nezindawo zasendle kungaheha lezi zilwane ezidla ezinye zemvelo engadini yakho.

Ukuqapha nokususwa mathupha

Hlola izakhiwo zokhuni njalo ngomsebenzi wezinyosi zombazi. Uma ubona izimbobo noma izinyosi, ungazisusa ngokomzimba usebenzisa isicoci se-vacuum noma imbiza enesivalo. Qiniseka ukuthi uyazikhulula endaweni yakho ukuze uvimbele ukuphinda uhlaselwe.

Amakhambi Axosha Izitshalo

Amanye amakhambi anephunga elimnandi, njenge-mint, i-rosemary ne-thyme, anezici zemvelo zokuxosha ezingaxosha izinyosi zombazi. Tshala lezi zitshalo eduze nezakhiwo zokhuni ukuze udale umgoqo futhi ungakhuthazi ukuzalela.

WD40

Enye yezindlela ezijwayeleke kakhulu zokuqeda izinyosi ezibaziyo ukusebenzisa i-WD40, okungenye yezibulala-zinambuzane ezazisetshenziswa abalimi bakudala.

Le mikhiqizo etholakala ku-petroleum ibulala ngempumelelo zonke izinambuzane. Ukufafaza emhubheni, sebenzisa isifutho ngeshubhu yokwandisa.

Izibulala-zinambuzane

Njengendlela yokugcina, amanye ama-insecticide angasetshenziswa. I-aerosol, izibulala-zinambuzane eziwuketshezi noma zothuli zingasetshenziswa ngqo ekuvulekeni komhubhe.

Ngemva kokwelashwa, shiya izimbobo zivuliwe izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uvumele izinambuzane ezindizayo ukuthi zithinte futhi zisakaze isibulala-zinambuzane kuwo wonke umhubhe.

Ezinye izindawo zokuhlala e- BezTarakanov:

Indlela yokuqeda ngempumelelo iminyovu futhi uvimbele izidleke ezintsha ukuthi zingaveli

I-Great Black Wasp - Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Ngo-2023