I-Grain scoop: kanjani futhi yini elimaza okumpunga nokujwayelekile
Akunakwenzeka ukuchaza ukubaluleka kwezitshalo kubantu. Bayingxenye ebalulekile yebhizinisi. Njalo ngonyaka isivuno sikakolweni, i-rye, ibhali, i-millet, i-oats ilindelwe ngabomvu. Nokho, i-armyworm ingaziqeda lezi zitshalo.
Okuqukethwe
Ibukeka kanjani i-scoop yokusanhlamvu: isithombe
Incazelo ye-scoop yokusanhlamvu
Igama: Ama-grain scoops (ampunga futhi avamile)
Isi-Latin: I-Apamea ibuhlunguIbanga: Izinambuzane - isinambuzane
Isigcawu: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Umndeni: Izikhova - Noctuidae
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | emhlabeni wonke |
 | Kuyingozi ku-: | amakhambi angapheli |
 | Izindlela zokubhubhisa: | amalungiselelo abantu, amakhemikhali kanye bezinto eziphilayo |
| Ukubukeka butterfly | Butterfly grey. Ubude bamaphiko busuka ku-3,2 cm ukuya ku-4,2 cm. Inamaphiko angaphambili ansundu ngokumpunga anomugqa omnyama we-longitudinal phansi. Amaphiko angemuva anombala ompunga ngokunsundu. Umzimba onamabala ayindilinga nanjengezinso. |
| Abukeka kanjani amaqanda? | Amaqanda aphuzi ngokukhanyayo. Ekuqaleni, banombala we-pearlescent. Zinesimo esiyisicaba esinama-radial ribs angu-34-36. I-micropylar rosette iqukethe ama-blade ayi-14 kuye kwayi-16. Iqanda elinobubanzi obungu-0,48 kuya ku-0,52 mm. Ukuphakama kusuka ku-0,35 kuya ku-0,37 mm. |
| Ukubukeka kwamacimbi | Isibungu asinazo izinsumpa. Umbala unombala onsundu ngokumpunga nekhanda elibomvu. I-cuticle imbozwe izinwele. Izinyawo zemilenze yamanga ziyi-oval enamahhuku angu-11. Usizwa ukuhamba ngamapheya ama-3 emilenze ye-pectoral kanye namapheya ayi-5 emilenze yamanga. Isibungu esidala sifinyelela ku-3 cm. |
| Idoli | Isiphungumangathi esibomvu-nsundu. Izingxenye ezintathu zokuqala zesisu zinokugoqa okuphambene kanye nokubhoboza okungatheni. |
Habitat
I-Grain scoop ihlala kuwo wonke amazwe e-USSR yangaphambili. Ukukhiqizwa kwenqwaba kuphawulwe eKazakhstan, eNtshonalanga yeSiberia, eTrans-Urals. Ihlala ikakhulukazi endaweni yehlathi-asemaqeleni. I-tundra yindawo lapho kungekho khona isinambuzane.
Ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo ikakhulukazi kwaba ngo-1956 - 1960 enyakatho-mpumalanga yeKazakhstan, Western Siberia, Urals, kanye nesifunda saseVolga. Kwakukhona izibungu ezingafika ku-1 ngemitha yesikwele esingu-300.
Indlela yokuphila
Isikhova sokusanhlamvu.
Izikhathi zokuhamba zithintwa izimo zezulu. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, angabonakala ngoJuni, emazingeni okushisa aphansi kanye nezimvula - hhayi ngaphambi kukaJulayi. Izikhova ziyizimvemvane zasebusuku. Umsebenzi ubonwa ngesikhathi sika-22:00-2:00. Ubusuku obufudumele nobumnyama buyisikhathi esingcono kakhulu senundu.
Ngokufika kokusa, bayeka ukudla nokundiza. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-15 degrees ukushisa kuncipha ukusebenza. Amaphiko athuthukile avumela ukunqoba amabanga amade. Emini zicasha emaqabunga, izigaxa zenhlabathi, emifantwini.
Ukukhiqiza kanye nomjikelezo wempilo
Isibungu esivamile sokusanhlamvu amatshe atholakala engxenyeni engaphandle yesitshalo - imilenze ye-spikelets, amaqabunga kakolweni ne-rye.
Isikhova Esimpunga kubanda kakhulu. Ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi kahle kakhulu. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-10, isibungu siyaqina, kodwa asifi. Uma incibilikile, iphila futhi.
Ukuzala kwezinsikazi kuphazanyiswa izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama. Isomiso esibi sinomthelela ekwehleni okukhulu kokubeka amaqanda. Emazingeni okushisa angu-18 degrees Celsius ezimeni zaselabhorethri, kutholakale ukuthi insikazi eyodwa izalela amaqanda angama-95. Ngama-degree angu-25 - izingcezu ezingu-285. I-clutch eyodwa iqukethe amaqanda ama-3 kuye kwangama-60. Ngokwesilinganiso - 25. Amaqanda avikelwe ifilimu yembali.
Indawo yesifunda nayo inethonya elikhulu. Ezifundeni ezome kakhulu, kutholakala inani elikhulu labantu abayinyumba. Esifundeni esisenyakatho, kunamaqanda angaba ngu-1300 owesifazane ngamunye.
Ukubeka kwenziwa ebusuku inyanga yonke. Ezinhlotsheni ezimpunga, izingosi zamatshe kukhona ukolweni, rye, wheatgrass, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ibhali. Insikazi ibekwe endlebeni, yehlise ikhanda layo phansi, iphushele ama-spikelets. Amaqanda abekwe ngaphakathi kwesikali esiqhakazayo kanye ne-spikelet. I-Masonry ihambisana nokunyakaza kwamaphiko okudlidliza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amacimbi azitholela izindawo ezihlukene endlebeni futhi azidlele wodwa. Ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7, zikhula. Okusanhlamvu okulimele kunegobolondo elincanyana. Isibungu sikhula isikhathi eside. I-Molting kwenzeka izikhathi ezingu-7. Ubudala becimbi bunqunywa ububanzi bekhanda.
Ukuvuka kwenzeka lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lingekho ngaphansi kuka-5 degrees Celsius. Amacimbi adle ekwindla adliwa entwasahlobo izinsuku eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-15. Abantu ababuthakathaka baqhubeka nokudla ukudla kuze kube yinyanga. Ngemva kwalokhu, isikhathi sokuzala siyaqala.
Le nqubo ithatha izinsuku ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-30. I-chrysalis yokuqala ingatholakala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Intwasahlobo ebandayo isho ukubambezeleka komnqamulajuqu kuze kube uJuni 20. Ukulima kakolweni wasentwasahlobo kanye nesikhathi sokubekela amaqanda kunomthelela ekuthelelekeni okunamandla kwezitshalo.
Inkathi ngayinye inokuziphatha kwayo. Esikhathini sesibili kukhona ukushintshela kokunye okusanhlamvu. Eminyakeni yesine, badla okusanhlamvu ngaphandle. Kusukela eminyakeni yesihlanu, umsebenzi ubonakala ebusuku kuphela. Sekukonke, amacimbi aneminyaka eyi-8.
Inani lezomnotho
Izibungu zidla ukolweni, rye, ibhali, oats, okusanhlamvu, izikhwebu zombila. Ukulimala kotshani obungapheli - izinwele ezisheshayo kanye ne-wheatgrass. Badla uketshezi olunoshukela kuma-spikelets.
Indlela yokubhekana ne-grain scoop
I-Grain scoop isitha esiyingozi esithinta izitshalo eziningi futhi singancisha isivuno. Ngisho nasezingeni lezimboni angadla amasheya okusanhlamvu. Ziningi izindlela zomzabalazo okufanele zisetshenziswe.
Izindlela zokulawula ze-Agrotechnical
Ukuze ugweme ukuvela kwezinambuzane, kufanele:
- ukuvuna ngesikhathi;
- cwecwa futhi wenze ukulima kusenesikhathi;
- lungisa izitshalo phakathi kwemigqa;
- khetha izinsuku zokuhlwanyela ezifanele kanye nezinhlobo zikakolweni ezimelana nazo;
- hlanza okusanhlamvu endaweni yokugcina.
Izindlela zamakhemikhali nezebhayoloji
Izindlela zabantu
Umphumela omuhle kakhulu ubonisa i-decoction yomhlonyane. I-1 kg ithululelwa esitsheni esinamalitha amathathu wamanzi bese ibiliswa imizuzu engama-3. Izitshalo zithululelwa impova ngekhambi. Ungakwazi futhi ukwengeza u-20 kg wamaqabunga katamatisi ku-4 wamalitha amanzi. Bilisa imizuzu engama-10. Hlunga bese ucubungula.
Landela isixhumanisi ngezinyathelo ezingu-6 ezingenziwa. izikhova ukulwa.
isiphetho
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulondoloza izitshalo zokusanhlamvu. Ngosizo lwezindlela ze-agrotechnical, ukuhlasela kwe-armyworm kungavinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ukubonakala kwezinambuzane, ngokushesha baqala ukulwa ngenye yezindlela ezingenhla.
Ngaphambilini