Okuqukethwe
Lapho sifunda okwengeziwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane zokwenziwa, izibulala-zinambuzane nezibulala-zinambuzane, yilapho sifunda ngokwengeziwe ukuthi ziyingozi kangakanani endaweni ezungezile nakubantu nezilwane ezihlala kuyo. Izibulala-zinambuzane zingase zidale izinkinga eziningi kunalezo ezizixazululayo.
Ukufafaza amakhemikhali asengadini ukuze kuqedwe izinambuzane nokhula akugcini nje ngokuba yingozi empilweni, kodwa ngokuvamile akuphumeleli. Zizoqale zibulale izinambuzane eziningi, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lezi zinambuzane zingakwazi ukumelana nezibulala-zinambuzane futhi zibuye zinamandla nakakhulu. Okunye okukhathazayo imiphumela engemihle izibulala-zinambuzane eziningi zokwenziwa ezingaba nayo ezintweni ezingahlosiwe (cabanga nge-DDT nezinyoni).
Uhlelo olungcono kakhulu ukugwema isidingo sokulawula izinambuzane kwasekuqaleni ngokuqala ngomhlabathi onempilo, ovundile, ukufanisa izitshalo nohlobo lwenhlabathi, ukuqinisekisa amazinga afanele okukhanya kwelanga nezimo zokunisela, nokusebenzisa umanyolo ofanele wemvelo kanye nokuthena lapho kudingeka. Kodwa uma lokho kungasebenzi, kunezinye izindlela eziningi ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali ezinganciphisa izinambuzane ngenkathi zishiya indawo enempilo yezitshalo zakho, izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nomndeni.
Kwa-BezTarakanov sinikeza ukukhethwa okukhulu kwemikhiqizo yokulawula izinambuzane yemvelo kanye ne-organic eqinisekisiwe ukuthi IPHEPHILE futhi isebenza ngempumelelo. Kusukela ezinambuzaneni ezizuzisayo kuye kwizifutho ze-botanical, siphatha okuhle kakhulu kuphela. Futhi, vakashela ithuluzi lethu lesixazululo sezinambuzane ukuze uthole izithombe, izincazelo, kanye nohlu oluphelele lwemikhiqizo yokulawula izinambuzane eco-friendly.
Izithiyo nezixosha
Izithiyo nezixosha izinambuzane zisiza ukuthi zingangeni engadini. Zingasebenza njengodonga ukuvimbela izinambuzane ezikhasayo ekufinyeleleni ikhaya lakho noma imifino. Isibonelo, uma utshala izaqathe kuma-toilet paper rolls, ama-cutworms ngeke akwazi ukufinyelela kuwo. Izitshalo nazo zingasebenza njengesithiyo esiphilayo ezinambuzaneni. I-Peppermint, i-spearmint kanye ne-royal mint ngokwemvelo zixosha izintwala nezintuthwane, ngakho zitshale kuyo yonke ingadi yakho ukuze ugweme lezi zinambuzane.
Ukubilisa amagatsha omsedari emanzini bese uthela amanzi (apholile) phezu kwesitshalo kuzoxosha ama-cutworms, izikelemu zommbila nezinye izinambuzane. Iminenke ngeke yeqe umugqa womcako, njengoba nje nezintuthwane zigwema upelepele we-cayenne noma i-iron phosphate—into engokwemvelo, engaphili esetshenziswa kabanzi njengesengezo sokudla—exosha ama-slugs.
Ngaphezu kwemithi eminingi ye-DIY yokwelapha izinambuzane etholakalayo, ungathenga imikhiqizo ephilayo yokulawula izinambuzane esebenza cishe kunoma yini ecashe engadini noma ekhaya.
Izinambuzane eziwusizo
Izimbungulu, ama-lacewing aluhlaza kanye nezithwalambiza ziyizilokazane ezimbalwa nje ezizuzisayo ezidla izinambuzane ezingadingeki zasengadini. Lezi zinambuzane "ezinhle" zingayengelwa engadini enendawo ekhangayo (ukudla, indawo yokukhosela namanzi) noma zingathengwa futhi zikhishwe engadini - usazodinga indawo enempilo ukuze ziphile.
Kunezizathu eziningi zokwengeza izinambuzane ezinenzuzo engadini yakho. Ziphephile futhi zisebenza kangcono kunamakhemikhali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa uzodinga ukwenza ucwaningo oluthile kuqala ukuze uthole ukuthi iyini inkinga yakho yezinambuzane nokuthi yiziphi izinambuzane ezinenzuzo okufanele uzilethe ukuze usize. Ngenhlanhla, i-inthanethi inikeza izinsiza eziningi, njengoba kwenza isevisi yendawo yangakini.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane zebhayoloji
Izifo zezinambuzane ezenzeka ngokwemvelo ezibangelwa i-protozoa, amagciwane, isikhunta namagciwane, izilawuli zezinambuzane zebhayoloji ziyasebenza ngokumelene nezinambuzane eziqondiwe kodwa azinabo ubuthi kubantu, izilwane ezifuywayo, izilwane zasendle kanye nezinambuzane ezinenzuzo. Futhi mancane amathuba okuthi zihlakulele ukumelana nezinambuzane kunezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali futhi ziphuka ngokushesha endaweni ezungezile.
Kugunyazwe ukwenziwa kwengadi yemvelo. I-Monterey BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) igciwane lenhlabathi elenzeka ngokwemvelo elilungele ukulawula izibungu, izibungu zamatende, amabhu ama-gypsy, izibungu zikatamatisi nezinye izibungu ezidla amaqabunga. NGEKE ilimaze abantu, izilwane ezifuywayo, izinyoni, izinyosi noma izinambuzane ezinenzuzo.
Esinye sezibulala-zinambuzane zebhayoloji ezaziwa kakhulu yi Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), evame ukusetshenziswa ngokumelene nezibungu ezidla amaqabunga nezinaliti. Leli bhaktheriya livela ngokwemvelo enhlabathini emhlabeni wonke futhi likhubaza umgudu wokugaya wezinambuzane eziwudlayo.
I-Spinosad iyi-insecticide etholakala kubhaktheriya. I-Saccharopolyspora spinosa futhi ingasetshenziswa njengenye indlela yezifutho ze-malathion. I-Spinosad itholakale ibulala ama-lungwort, kodwa hhayi izilwane ezidla ezinye eziwadlayo, futhi ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezitshalweni zokudla. Kuyasiza futhi ukulawula ama-thrips, amacimbi, ama-budworms, izimpukane zezithelo, ama-borer nokunye okuningi.
Umkhiqizo wesithathu (kweminingi) wokulawula izinambuzane zemvelo i-milky spore powder, eqondise izibungu ezimhlophe zamabhungane aseJapane. Lapho izibungu zifika phezu kotshani zizodla (ngokuvamile ngoJulayi noma ngo-August), zidla amagciwane. Lezi zinhlamvu ezinobisi ziyaqhuma futhi zande ngaphakathi kwesibungu, sibulale.
I-House Pest Control
Cishe kungaphakathi kwekhaya lapho abantu abaningi bekhathazeka ngokuthi basebenzisa yiphi imikhiqizo yokulawula izinambuzane. Ukukhetha indlela yemvelo yokususa amazeze, amaphela, amagundane nezinye izidalwa kuzosiza ukugcina umndeni wakho nezilwane ezifuywayo ziphilile futhi ziphephile.
I-boric acid powder isebenza njengoshevu wesisu ezinambuzaneni futhi ingasetshenziswa ukulawula amaphela, izintuthwane, umuhlwa nezinye izinambuzane eziningi zasendlini. Lapho lezi zinambuzane zidlula, i-boric acid inamathela ezinyaweni zazo futhi iphinde ibuyiselwe ekoloni. Impushana ecolekile idliwa njengoba izinambuzane zilungisana. I-boric acid ayinabuthi obuncane kubantu nasezifuyweni ezifuywayo kunosawoti wetafula.
Ithiphu: Zenzele owakho udoti ngokuxuba izipuni ezi-2 ze-boric acid powder nama-ounces angu-8 e-boric acid powder. imbiza ye-mint jelly. Beka i-bait ezikweleni zamakhadibhodi amancane bese ubeka lezi "iziteshi zokudoba" ezindaweni lapho izinambuzane zibonakala khona.
Amagundane angabanjwa kusetshenziswa izicupho ezibukhoma noma ze-snap. Kungcono ukuwafaka emaphethelweni odonga (hhayi phakathi negumbi), lapho amagundane angahamba khona. Uma ukhetha igundane eliphilayo noma elinobuntu, ungalibambi igundane ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo futhi uligcine likude nekhaya lakho—hhayi eduze nelomunye umuntu!
Ukuqeda amazeze, udinga ukuphatha umnikazi (ikati noma inja), indlu kanye negceke. Nansi indlela:
- Isixosha amawolintshi singenziwa ngokubilisa ulamula bese uwashiya ubusuku bonke. Ngosuku olulandelayo, fafaza isilwane sakho.
- Ekhaya, fafaza ukhaphethi ngosawoti wetafula ojwayelekile noma i-boric acid (hlola ukushesha kombala), shiya ubusuku bonke bese ucoca ngakusasa. Geza zonke izingubo zokulala ezifuywayo emanzini ashisayo, wengeze amafutha e-eucalyptus ekugezeni kokugcina.
- Egcekeni, umhlaba we-diatomaceous ungasetshenziswa kunoma yiziphi izindawo lapho izilwane ezifuywayo ziphumula khona noma lapho kusolwa khona amazeze.
Ibulala izinambuzane SHESHA! I-Diatomaceous Earth Safer® (eyaziwa nangokuthi intuthwane kanye nombulali wezinambuzane ezinwabuzelayo) yenziwe ngezinsalela zezidalwa ezincane ezifana ne-algae emanzini okuthiwa ama-diatoms. I-abrasive emnene ibulala izinambuzane kungakapheli amahora angama-48 uthintene...ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle!
Izicupho nezicupho
Wonke umuntu ujwayelene nomgibe wegundane ovamile - lowo onocezu olukhulu lukashizi oluboniswa emakhathuni. Nokho, izicupho zingasetshenziswa ukubamba kokubili izinambuzane nezilwane ezincelisayo.
Izicupho zisebenzisa izicupho ezibonakalayo, ama-pheromones noma ukudla ukuze zihehe izinambuzane futhi zizibambe ngaphandle kokulimaza ezinye izinambuzane, izilwane noma indawo ezungezile.
Izicupho zingasetshenziswa ukuqapha noma ukulawula inani labantu. Lapho uqapha inani labantu, izicupho zezinambuzane zingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi izinambuzane zivela nini, zingaki, nolunye ulwazi olubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi yini okufanele yenziwe ngesilokazana esithile.
Izicupho ezisetshenziselwa ukulawula inani labantu zenza lokho kanye - zibamba izinambuzane noma amagundane futhi (imvamisa) ziyawabulala. Kwesinye isikhathi izicupho zizodwa zingaxazulula inkinga yakho yezinambuzane, kwesinye isikhathi zisetshenziswa kangcono ngokuhlangana nelinye ithuluzi lokulawula izinambuzane. Isibonelo, ama-fly trap ahle ekuheheni nasekubambeni izimpukane zodaka ezindala, kuyilapho ama-fly parasite ahlasela futhi abulale iziphungumangathi ezingavuthiwe.
Izibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo
Ama-insecticide emvelo ngokuvamile anemvelaphi ye-botanical, okusho ukuthi atholakala ezitshalweni ezinezindawo zokubulala izinambuzane. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali, azinobuthi obuncane futhi zibhidlika ngokushesha endaweni ezungezile. Kodwa-ke, zisewushevu, ngakho-ke kufanele uzitike kuzo njengendlela yokugcina.
| I-Botanical insecticide | Sebenzisa ngokumelene |
| Ingabe kunjalo? | amacimbi, inundu yegypsy, i-leaf roller, loopers, mealybug, thrips, whitefly |
| I-Nicotine sulfate | ama-aphid, ama-spider mite, ama-thrips nezinye izinambuzane ezincelisayo |
| ipyrethrum | ama-aphid, i-cabbage cutworm, i-flea beetle, izimpukane, i-harlequin bug, i-leafhopper, i-Mexican bean beetle, isicabucabu, i-squash bug |
| I-Rotenone | ama-aphid, i-cabbage worm, i-carpenter ant, i-Colorado potato beetle, i-cucumber beetle, i-flea beetle, amazeze, ibhungane laseJapane, i-loop, ibhungane likabhontshisi waseMexico, izimbuzane, amathe |
| I-Ryana | ama-aphid, corn codling moth, corn codling moth, eastern codling moth, thrips |
| Sabadilla | i-cutworm, i-blister bug, i-cabbage bug, i-cucumber beetle, i-harlequin bug, i-leafhopper, i-stink bug |
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uzodinga ukwenza ucwaningo oluncane ngaphambi kokukhetha isibulala-zinambuzane ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi iyiphi ongayikhetha. Gcoba zonke lezi zibulala-zinambuzane endaweni—ungafafazi ingadi yonke—ukuze unciphise ingozi yazo.
Uma uzama ukuthola noma ukugcina isitifiketi sezinto eziphilayo, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola i-Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) noma i-National Organic Programme (NOP) ukuze uthole uhlu lwezinto ezigunyazwe ukusetshenziswa kwe-organic e-United States. Ngaphandle Kwamaphela futhi igcina uhlu lwemikhiqizo ye-organic (yonke efakwe ohlwini lwe-OMRI) enikezwa kuwebhusayithi yabo.
Insipho namafutha
Izinsipho ezibulala izinambuzane namafutha zisebenza kakhulu ezinambuzaneni ezithambile ezimunca njengama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu, izimpukane ezimhlophe kanye nama-mealybugs. Nakuba engasebenzi kahle ezinambuzaneni eziningi ezindala ezinamagobolondo aqinile (njengamabhungane), angasetshenziswa ukulawula izigaba zezibungu ezingavuthiwe namaqanda. Ngenxa yalokho, isikhathi sokufaka isicelo siyisici esibalulekile lapho usebenzisa lezi zibulala-zinambuzane zemvelo.
Ama-acids anamafutha asensipho ebulala izinambuzane (lokhu akufani nensipho yezitsha) angena esivalweni sangaphandle sesinambuzane futhi abangele ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana, ngaleyo ndlela abulale izinambuzane. Kufanele isetshenziswe ngqo ezinambuzaneni futhi ngeke isebenze uma seyomile. Insipho ebulala izinambuzane ibhekwa njengesibulala-zinambuzane esingenabuthi obuncane futhi ayizilimazi izinambuzane eziwusizo ezifana nezithwalambiza ezithandazayo namaladybugs.
I-100% ye-organic. Insipho ye-Safer® ebulala izinambuzane Kwenziwe ngamafutha emifino emvelo namafutha ezilwane. Ingena egobolondweni elingaphandle elivikelayo lezinambuzane ezinomzimba othambile futhi ibangele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni nokufa emahoreni ambalwa.
Amafutha e-Horticultural amafutha kapharafini acwenge kakhulu okuthi, ngemva kokuxutshwa namanzi, afuthwe emaqabunga ezitshalo. Isebenza ngokumboza nokuminyanisa izinambuzane namaqanda azo, futhi ingasetshenziswa unyaka wonke njengesifutho senkathi yokukhula esithule nesakhulayo.
Isuselwe emafutheni akhishwe ecwecweni lezithelo ezisawolintshi, i-d-limonene iyisibulala-zinambuzane esisaphilayo esisha esehlisa ukunamathela kwe-waxy kwesistimu yokuphefumula yalesi sinambuzane. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa ekhishini nasekhaya, i-d-limonene ingasetshenziswa ukulawula amazeze, izintuthwane, namaphela. Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, i-d-limonene (etholakala ku-Orange Guard) iboniswe ukunciphisa inani lamaphela ngempumelelo kakhulu kune-Dursban, isithako esinobuthi ku-Raid®.
Qaphela: I-d-limonene iyi-FDA egunyazwe njengesithasiselo sokudla futhi itholakala emikhiqizweni efana namakhekhe esithelo, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, izinto eziqabulayo zomoya, nama-shampoos ezilwane ezifuywayo.
Ama-fungicides
Izifo zezitshalo ngokuvamile zingagwenywa ngokuqinisekisa ukugeleza okuhle komhlabathi kanye nokunyakaza komoya okwanele. Kodwa lapho lokho kungasebenzi futhi izitshalo zakho ziqala ukubonisa izimpawu zokugqwala, isikhunta, amabala, ukushwabana, utwayi kanye nezicubu ezibolile, sekuyisikhathi sokufaka isibulala-sikhunta.
Ithiphu: Vakashela ikhasi lethu Lezifo Zezitshalo ukuze ufunde ngezinye zezifo ezivame kakhulu zokukhunta ezithinta imifino, izimbali, izihlahla kanye notshani. Igcwele ulwazi, sihlinzeka ngezithombe nezincazelo, kanye nohlu oluphelele lwemikhiqizo yokulawula izinambuzane evumelana nemvelo.
Isibabule nethusi izibulala-sikhunta ezimbili ezinobubanzi obubanzi ezinobuthi obuncane ezilwaneni, kuhlanganisa nabantu. Nokho, kusadingeka uqaphe futhi ufunde imiyalelo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlonipha imikhawulo yokushisa.
Isibulala-sikhunta sethusi singasetshenziswa emifino, ama roses, izithelo kanye notshani. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuba isifo sibonakale noma lapho sibonakala okokuqala esitshalweni. I-Liquid Copper Fungicide iyasebenza ekulweni ne-peach leaf curl, i-powdery mildew, indawo emnyama, ukugqwala, i-anthracnose, indawo yeqabunga lebhaktheriya futhi ivunyelwe ukulima. Fafaza zonke izingxenye zesitshalo kahle bese uphinda njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10.
I-Sulfur fungicide iyimpushana ehlukaniswe kahle, emanzi engasetshenziswa ezithelweni, imifino kanye nezimbali. Usayizi wezinhlayiyana ocoleke ngokwedlulele unikeza ukumboza okungcono nokunamathela endaweni yezithelo namaqabunga, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle okukhulu. Isibulala-sikhunta sesitshalo sesulphur sisebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni ne powdery mildew, ukugqwala, utwayi, ukubola okunsundu nokunye. Yenza CHA Gcoba ngezikhathi zokushisa okuphezulu noma phakathi namasonto amabili ufutha uwoyela njengoba kungenzeka ukusha.
I-biofungicide entsha ene-spectrum ebanzi egunyazwe ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni okuphilayo yaziwa ngokuthi yi-Garden Disease Serenade. Iqukethe ubunzima hay induku, ihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka ezifweni eziningi ezivame kakhulu zokukhunta kanye namagciwane, okuhlanganisa indawo yeqabunga lebhaktheriya, isikhunta esimpunga, ukubola sekwephuzile, ukubola komlilo, ukubola sekwephuzile, isikhutha kanye notwayi. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba isifo sikhule noma uphawu lokuqala lokutheleleka. Phinda ngezikhathi zezinsuku ezingu-7 noma njengoba kudingeka.
Ngaphambilini