Amazing honey ant: umgqomo wemisoco
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezintuthwane, izinhlobonhlobo zoju zingahlukaniswa. Umehluko omkhulu walolu hlobo usesiswini esikhulu senhlaka, esibizwa ngokuthi umgqomo, futhi igama lihlotshaniswa namazolo ezidla ngawo.
Okuqukethwe
Ibukeka kanjani intuthwane yoju: isithombe
Incazelo yentuthwane yoju
Umbala wesinambuzane awujwayelekile kakhulu. Kubukeka njengenhlaka. Ikhanda elincane, amadevu, amapheya angu-3 wezidladla ahluke nesisu esikhulu. Umbala wesisu unemibala yoju ngaphakathi.
Udonga lwesisu olunwebekayo lungakhula lufinyelele kusayizi wamagilebhisi. Abantu bendawo baze bawabize ngokuthi amagilebhisi obumba noma imiphongolo.
Habitat
Uju lwezintuthwane.
Izintuthwane zoju zifaneleka kakhulu esimweni sezulu esishisayo sasogwadule. Izindawo zokuhlala - eNyakatho Melika (entshonalanga ye-USA naseMexico), e-Australia, eNingizimu Afrika.
Mancane amanzi nokudla ezindaweni zokuhlala. Izintuthwane zihlangana zibe amakoloni. Umndeni ungaba nenani elihlukile labantu ngabanye. Ikoloni ngalinye linabasebenzi, abesilisa kanye nendlovukazi.
Ukudla kwezintuthwane zoju
Izinambuzane zidla uju noma amadew, akhiqizwa ama-aphid. Ushukela oweqile uphuma ngendlela yamazolo. Izintuthwane ziwukhotha emaqabunga. Bangakwazi futhi ukuthola ukukhishwa ngokuqondile kusuka kuma-aphid. Lokhu kubangelwa ukushaywa kwezimpondo.
Indlela yokuphila
Abantu abakhulu abasebenzayo (plerergata) bahlanganyela ekuhlinzekeni ukudla uma kwenzeka kushoda ukudla. Izidleke zingamakamelo amancane lapho kukhona amaphaseji kanye nokuphuma okukodwa phezulu. Ukujula kwamavesi aqondile ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-1,8 m.
Lolu hlobo alunayo i-ground dome - i-anthill. Emnyango kunomgodi omncane, ofana nesiqongo sentaba-mlilo. I-Plerergata ayijwayele ukushiya isidleke. Kubonakala sengathi zimisiwe ophahleni lwegumbi. Izinzipho ezibhanqiwe zibasiza ukuthi babambe iqhaza. Izisebenzi zenza ingxenye yesine yazo zonke. Izintuthwane zibizwa ngokuthi izintuthwane ezizingelayo futhi ziqoqe ukudla phezulu.
I-Trophallaxis inqubo yokubuyisela ukudla kwamafolishi ku-pleergata. Inqubo eyimpumputhe yomminzo igcina ukudla. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukwanda kwe-goiter, ephusha zonke ezinye izitho. Isisu siba sikhulu izikhathi ezi-5 (ngaphakathi kuka-6-12 mm). I-Plerergata ifana nesixha samagilebhisi. Ukunqwabelana kwezakhamzimba kwenza isisu sibe sikhulu kakhulu.
Kuma-pleergates, umbala wesisu ungahluka. Ukwanda koshukela kwenza kube inhlaka emnyama noma inhlaka, kanti inani elikhulu lamafutha namaprotheni kuyenza ibe nobisi. Isisu senziwa sobala yi-sucrose etholakala kuma-aphid honeydew. Kwamanye amakoloni, ama-pleergates agcwaliswa ngamanzi kuphela. Lokhu kusiza ukuphila ezindaweni ezomile.
Ezinye izintuthwane zidla amazinyo amnandi anezisu zebhodwe. I-Honeydew inothile nge-glucose ne-fructose, enikeza amandla namandla. Abantu bendawo bayawadla esikhundleni sikaswidi.
Ukukhwelana kwabesilisa nabesifazane kwenzeka kabili ngonyaka. Kunoketshezi oluningi kakhulu lwe-seminal kangangokuthi lwanele ukukhiqiza inzalo impilo yabo yonke. Isibeletho siyakwazi ukubekela amaqanda ayi-1500.
isiphetho
Izintuthwane zoju zingabizwa ngokuthi izinambuzane eziyingqayizivele ezingaphila ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Iqhaza lalezi zinambuzane ukusindisa ikoloni endlaleni. Abantu babuye bazijabulele njengesibiliboco.
Ngaphambilini