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izinambuzane
portal mayelana nezinambuzane nezindlela zokubhekana nazo

Impukane enkulu kunazo zonke: lithini igama lempukane ephula irekhodi futhi inazo izimbangi

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Kunenqwaba yezimpukane emhlabeni - sezizonke, ososayensi babala cishe izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3. Azikho kulezi zinambuzane ezibangela imizwelo, futhi impukane enkulu ingase yethuse. Abaningi banesithakazelo kulokho i-Diptera enkulu kunazo zonke nokuthi iyingozi kangakanani kubantu.

Iyiphi impukane ibhekwa njengenkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni

Eqinisweni, kunezimpukane ezinkulu ezanele emvelweni, kodwa enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yiGauromydas heros, noma njengoba kubizwa ngenye indlela, i-fly fly. Lolu hlobo lwatholwa isazi sezinambuzane saseJalimane uMaximilian Perth ngo-1833.

Fly fighter (Gauromydas heros): incazelo umnikazi irekhodi

Impukane ewumdondoshiya ingowomndeni wakwaMydidae futhi ayivamile - ihlala ezwenikazi laseNingizimu Melika kuphela.

Ukubukeka nobukhulu

Ngaphandle, amaqhawe e-Gauromydas afana nomnyovu. Abantu abaningi banobude bomzimba obungaba ngu-6 cm, noma kunjalo, ezinye izimpukane zikhula zifike ku-10 cm. Umzimba uhlukaniswe izingxenye, umucu wombala osawolintshi ogqamile utholakala phakathi kwesifuba nesisu. Emuva kunamaphiko anephethini ethile. Ayabonakala, kodwa anombala onsundu kancane. Amehlo ahlangene, amakhulu, amnyama ngombala.

I-giant fly fighter.

Indawo yokuhlala

I-Fighter fly isinambuzane esithanda ukushisa. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ihlala eNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo.

Kutholwe ezifundazweni ezilandelayo:

  • eBolivia;
  • Brazil;
  • eColombia;
  • Paraguay.

Lesi sinambuzane asikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu esibandayo - siyafa ngokushesha.

Yini isinambuzane esiyingozi

Kuze kube manje, akukaziwa ukuthi impukane iyingozi kangakanani kubantu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi azibahlaseli abantu ngokuqondile, azibalumi futhi azithwali izifo ezithathelwanayo, futhi abesifazane baze badle kuphela esigabeni sezibungu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu omdala angakwazi "ukuphahlazeka" kumuntu ngengozi, emva kwalokho ukulimala okukhulu kuzohlala esikhumbeni sakhe.

https://youtu.be/KA-CAENtxU4

Ezinye izinhlobo zezimpukane ezinkulu

Kukhona abanye abaphethe amarekhodi phakathi kwezimpukane. Izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-Diptera zichazwe ngezansi.

I-Horse bloodsucker (Hippobosca equina)
Abantu abadala banobude bomzimba obungu-6 kuya ku-8 mm. Umzimba mkhulu, uphuzi ngombala, isifuba siyaphinyiswa. Kunamaphiko ama-2 ngemuva, okuthi impukane iwele ngemva kokuhlasela kokuqala kwesisulu futhi ingasakwazi ukundiza ngemva kwalokho. Inambuzane edla inyama. Ngokuvamile, amahhashi nezinkomo ziba izisulu zayo - impukane idla igazi labo. Izinambuzane ziluma esiswini sesilwane noma endaweni engaphansi komsila futhi ilenga kule ndawo isikhathi eside, igcwele uketshezi lwegazi, okubangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu esilwaneni. Inendawo yokuhlala ebanzi: itholakala e-Asia, e-Afrika, eYurophu, eRussia ihlala ezindaweni eziseningizimu.
Umpetha we-Akantomera (Pantophthalmidae)
Izimpukane zikhula zifike ku-4,5 cm ubude. Umbala ungahluka ukusuka komnyama kuye kobomvu, kodwa njalo ube nemithende yobude ephinyiselwe. Isici esihlukile amehlo amakhulu anobuso athatha cishe yonke indawo yekhanda. Kwabesilisa, zitholakala eduze kakhulu, kanti kwezinye zihlukaniswa yibunzi. Ezilwaneni nakubantu, isinambuzane asifaki ingozi, sidla ikakhulukazi imidumba. Ihlala emahlathini anomswakama avela e-Argentina naseMelika.
I-Horsfly (Tabanus chrysurus)
Ummeleli omkhulu womndeni, emazweni akhuluma isiNgisi ubizwa ngokuthi i-bulldog fly, naseRussia izimpukane noma izimpukane. Izimpukane zathola igama lazo ngenxa yempahla engavamile: ngesikhathi sokumunca igazi, zibonakala ziyizimpumputhe, zilahlekelwa ukubona, ngakho kulula kakhulu ukususa. Ubukhulu bezinambuzane buyi-3-4 cm ubude. Umbala umpunga-nsundu, awubonakali, imigqa ekhanyayo ingatholakala ngemuva komzimba, okwenza impukane ibukeke njenge-wasp. Zinamaphiko anamandla namehlo amakhulu. Zidla igazi lezilwane ezinegazi elifudumele kanye nabantu, ngesikhathi sokukhwelana zithanda ukuhlala emaphaketheni futhi zidle zonke ndawonye.
I-Ktyr
Lesi sinambuzane sihlukaniswa ngamakhono aphezulu okuguquguquka futhi sitholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi, ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica. Ubukhulu bempukane buncike esimweni sezulu lapho ihlala khona. Abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo bakhula bafinyelele ku-8 cm, kanti labo abahlala endaweni epholile banobude bomzimba obungekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-5. Umzimba ude, uhlukaniswe izingxenye, ngakho-ke i-ktyr ifana kakhulu ne-dragonfly. Ingakwazi ukuguqula ikhanda libe ngama-degree angu-180. I-ktyr fly iyinambuzane edlayo, izisulu zayo ngokuvamile ziyizilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla.
Impunga enkulu empunga
Inosayizi onesizotha uma iqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezingenhla. Ubude bomzimba wayo bungaba ngu-2,5-3 cm. Umbala umpunga omnyama, isisu simnyama ngephethini yesici. Ngaphandle kufana nezimpukane, kodwa uma uhlolisisa, umehluko ubonakala ngokucacile. Amaduna e- great gray gossip adla impova yezitshalo kuphela, kanti abesifazane bayizilwane. Zihlasela izilwane ezincelisayo futhi zidla igazi lazo, kokunye zihlasela abantu. Ngaphambi kokuhlala phezu kwesisulu, izimpukane zizungeza phezu kwaso isikhathi eside. Ukulunywa kwe-bloodsucker kubuhlungu kakhulu, kodwa ingozi yayo ikwenye indawo - ingumthwali wezifo ezibulalayo ezifana ne-anthrax ne-tularemia.
inkunzi horsefly
Ubukhulu bezinambuzane buyi-19-24 mm. Ingxenye engenhla yesisu inombala ompunga okumnyama, kanti ngaphansi inombala onsundu ngokuphuzi nomugqa onsundu. Ekhanda kunamehlo amakhulu kakhulu, okuthi kwabesifazane awavali. Amaduna adla umpe wezitshalo, abesifazane bahlasela izilwane ezinegazi elifudumele (izinkomo, amahhashi, ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu), futhi ngezikhathi ezithile zihlasela abantu. Izibungu azinangozi futhi zikhula emhlabathini omanzi.
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