Izimpukane ezinjenge-wasp - ama-hoverflies: izitha ezinemithende zabalimi nabalimi bezimbali
Wonke umuntu usejwayele ukuthi isinambuzane endizayo esinemigqa ephuzi-mnyama iwumuvi ohlaba kabuhlungu, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqhela kuwo. Nokho, emvelweni kukhona enye i-Diptera - impukane, efana ne-wap nenyosi. Ngokungafani nozakwabo, ayilumi, ayibeki ingozi kubantu futhi ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengesinambuzane esizuzisayo.
Okuqukethwe
- I-hoverfly evamile: incazelo yesinambuzane
- Umjikelezo wokukhiqiza nokuthuthukiswa kwempukane ye-hoverfly
- Uhlala kuphi umnyovu?
- Izinhlobo zama-hoverflies
- Yiziphi izinzuzo zempukane yomnyovu
- Izitha zemvelo ze-hoverfly
- Indlela yokuheha impukane ezungezayo esizeni
- Ukulimala okungaba khona ngenxa yempukane ebubulayo
- Izindlela zokubhekana nama-hoverflies
- Amakhambi abantu
- Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
I-hoverfly evamile: incazelo yesinambuzane
Izimpukane zomnyovu zeduna nezinsikazi zibukeka ngokufanayo, kodwa kunomehluko omncane. Amehlo amadoda aseduze kakhulu komunye nomunye, kwabesifazane amehlo mancane futhi ahlukaniswe ebunzini obungavamile.
Lapho ehlolisisa, umuntu angabona umehluko ongaphansi kwesisu: kwabesilisa, umuntu angabona izitho zangasese ezigobile, kwabesifazane, isisu sibushelelezi, izitho zangasese azibizwa.
Izibungu ze-Syrphid izibungu ezincane ezishwabene futhi zancipha ngaphambili. Ubukhulu bawo busuka ku-4 kuye ku-18 mm., Umbala ungaba ophuzi, opinki, onsundu noma oluhlaza.
Umjikelezo wokukhiqiza nokuthuthukiswa kwempukane ye-hoverfly
Uhlala kuphi umnyovu?
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-hoverfly isatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke, ngaphandle kwezingwadule ezishisayo, i-Antarctica kanye ne-tundra.
Izinhlobo zama-hoverflies
Izimpukane zomnyovu zivame ukuhlukaniswa kuye ngemikhuba yokudla nendlela yokuphila yezibungu zazo.
| Amanzi | Zitholakala emanzini amancane emvelo anamanzi amile, ngokuvamile anephunga elibi losuku olunodaka (amaxhaphozi, amachibi, ama-puddles ajwayelekile). Izibungu zinesici esihlukile - ihlumela elide, elivame ukuphutha ngomsila. Empeleni iyishubhu lokuphefumula elisebenza njengeshubhu lomtshuzi futhi lisiza isinambuzane siphefumule ngaphansi kwamanzi. |
| odla izinyosi | Elinye igama labo izinyosi noma i-ilnitsa. Abantu abadala baphakathi nendawo ngobukhulu futhi badla umpe wezitshalo kuphela. Izibungu zihlala emqubeni, emachibini anothile ngezimila ezibolayo, nasezindlini zangasese zabantu. Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bagwinya amaqanda ezinyosi ngephutha, ngemva kwalokho izibungu zivela emgudwini wamathumbu futhi zibangele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-myiasis. |
| Okuvamile | Ubude bomuntu omdala bufinyelela ku-12 mm. Izimpukane ezikhulile zidla umpe futhi zingabathuthi bempova abahle kakhulu. Izibungu ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye futhi zidla izinambuzane ezincane njenge-aphid. |
| U-anyanini | Abamele lolu hlobo yizinambuzane zezitshalo zezolimo, okuyizitshalo ezinama-bulbous. Ezinsikazi esezikhulile zizalela amaqanda azo ezimpapheni zika-anyanisi eziluhlaza, kanti izibungu ezivelayo zithelela ama-bulb, ziwabangele ukubola. Ngaphandle kuka-anyanisi oluhlaza, impukane iphinde ithinte ezinye izitshalo: ama-tulips, i-gladioli, ama-daffodils. |
| umnyovu | Abantu abadala bakhulu impela - ubude babo bufinyelela ku-20 mm. Zifana kakhulu neminyovu nezinyosi. Izibungu zidla ikakhulukazi izinkuni ezibolile. |
Yiziphi izinzuzo zempukane yomnyovu
Izibungu zezinhlobo eziningi ze-hummer zidla izinambuzane ezinjenge-aphid, amathrips, izintethe, nezinye izinambuzane ezinomzimba othambile. Izibungu ze-hummer zikhasa phezulu ngeziqu zezitshalo futhi ziphakamise amakhanda azo ukuze zithole izinambuzane. Uma inyamazane itholakele, bayayibamba bayimunce yomile, emva kwalokho balahle i-exoskeleton.
Isibungu esincane empilweni yaso siyakwazi ukucekela phansi inqwaba yezinambuzane futhi sinciphise inani lama-aphid ngo-70%.
Izitha zemvelo ze-hoverfly
Azikho izitha zemvelo eziningi zezimpukane zomnyovu emvelweni. Zibanjwa izinyoni nezinye izinhlobo zezicabucabu ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zeminyovu zibulala ama-hoverflies, futhi zingabhubhisa ingxenye yezinambuzane ezisencane. Ziphinde zihlasele izinambuzane ezindala.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano kwama-hoverflies
Izimpukane zomnyovu zisetshenziswa kwezentengiso njengenye indlela yezibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali. Le ndlela inezinzuzo eziningi: iphephile futhi ayibizi mali.
Ama-hoverflies asiza ukubhubhisa zonke izintwala endaweni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa igremu elilodwa. ubuthi bamakhemikhali.
Indlela yokuheha impukane ezungezayo esizeni
Ukulimala okungaba khona ngenxa yempukane ebubulayo
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ezinye izinhlobo ze-syrphid ziyizinambuzane. Isibonelo, impukane ye-daffodil ihlasela izimbali ezinama-bulbous: ama-daffodils, i-gladioli, nezinye. Izibungu ezingakaqedi ukukhula kwazo phakathi nesizini zimba phansi ukuze zihlale ubusika bese zingena emagatsheni. Zidla ingxenye yaso engaphakathi futhi isitshalo ngokuvamile siyafa, kodwa ngisho noma sisinda, sikhula kancane kakhulu entwasahlobo.
Izindlela zokubhekana nama-hoverflies
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-sirfid ziyizinambuzane ezizuzisayo, kodwa uma i-hoverfly ibonakala ku-anyanisi noma i-garlic, kusho ukuthi inkathazo iphelile engadini futhi idinga ukubhekwana nayo. Ukuqothula izimpukane ze-wap eziyingozi, ungasebenzisa ama-chemical compounds nezindlela zokupheka zabantu.
Amakhemikhali
Uma kunezinambuzane eziningi kakhulu, kuhle ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo e-insecticidal.
Amakhambi abantu
Uma kungekho ama-parasite amaningi esizeni, ungasebenzisa izindlela zokupheka zabantu:
- I-Amoniya. 5 tbsp nciphisa ingxenye eyinhloko ngamalitha ayi-10. amanzi. Nisela izitshalo nomhlabathi ngesixazululo esiwumphumela.
- I-vitriol yethusi. Ngemuva kokuvuna, phatha umhlabathi ngento.
- Umlotha wokhuni, impushana kagwayi. Fafaza inhlabathi ngezinto eziningi.
- Isaqathe. Ama-Hoverflies awakubekezeleli iphunga lezaqathi, ngakho-ke, ukuze ukwesaba, kunconywa ukutshala le mifino eduze no-anyanisi kanye nezaqathi.
- I-Urea. Ngo 10l. hlambulula amanzi 1 tbsp. l. into eyinhloko, ikhambi eliwumphumela lokuhlakulela inhlabathi.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
- Ukuze uvimbele impukane yomuvi eyingozi ukuthi ingaqali esizeni, kuyadingeka ukuthi ulandele imithetho yokushintshanisa izitshalo: ungatshali izitshalo ezinama-bulb endaweni eyodwa njalo ngesizini.
- Kufanele futhi ukhulule inhlabathi ngokucophelela ukuze ucekele phansi izibungu ezicashe kuwo, womise isivuno esivuniwe elangeni izinsuku ezingama-3-4.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukucwilisa u-anyanisi ohlwanyelayo kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate, uthele enye imbewu ngoshoki ophelile (20 g woshoki nge-1 kg yembewu).