I-Typographer beetle: ibhungane lamagxolo elicekela phansi amahektha amahlathi espruce
I-typographer bark beetle ingenye yezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu emndenini wayo. Ihlala engxenyeni enkulu ye-Eurasia futhi ithinta amahlathi e-spruce. Ngokudla kwayo kanye nokuzala, ikhetha izihlahla ezinobubanzi obuphakathi nobukhulu.
Okuqukethwe
Umdidiyeli we-bark beetle: isithombe
Incazelo yebhungane
Igama: I-Typographer bark beetle noma i-spruce bark beetle enkulu
Isi-Latin: I-Ips typographusIbanga: Izinambuzane - isinambuzane
Isigcawu: I-Coleoptera - i-Coleoptera
Umndeni: Ama-Weevils - Curculioidae
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | amahlathi e-spruce |
 | Kuyingozi ku-: | izindawo zokuhlala ezincane nezibuthakathaka |
 | Izindlela zokubhubhisa: | ubuchwepheshe bezolimo, izithiyo, ukugawulwa kwenhlanzeko |
Umthwebuli wezithombe noma ibhungane elikhulu le-spruce bark ibhungane elinsundu elicwebezelayo, umzimba walo unobude obungu-4,2-5,5 mm, umbozwe izinwele. Esiphongweni kune-tubercle enkulu, ekugcineni komzimba kunendawo yokuphumula ebizwa ngokuthi i-wheelbarrow, emaphethelweni awo kukhona amazinyo amane.
Ukusakaza
ENtshonalanga Yurophu, kuvamile eFrance, eSweden, eFinland, futhi itholakala eNyakatho ye-Italy, eYugoslavia. Ngokuzalana ngobuningi, kubangela umonakalo omkhulu emahlathini e-spruce, ikakhulukazi lawo abuthaka ngenxa yesomiso noma imimoya. Umshicileli wokubhala uhlala eRussia:
- engxenyeni yaseYurophu yezwe;
- eSiberia;
- eMpumalanga Ekude;
- Sakhalin;
- eCaucasus;
- Kamchatka.
Ukukhiqiza
Indiza yasentwasahlobo iqala ngo-Ephreli, lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lifinyelela ku-+10 degrees, ehlobo ukundiza kwamabhungane kwenzeka ngoJuni-Julayi, nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho - ngo-August-September.
Eyeduna ikhetha isihlahla, iququde egxolweni futhi yakha ikamelo lokukhwelana lapho idonsa khona insikazi ngokukhipha ama-pheromone. Insikazi evundisiwe yakha imigudu yesibeletho engu-2-3, lapho izalela khona amaqanda ayo. Izibungu ezisafufusa zenza amaphaseji ahambisane ne-eksisi yesihlahla, emaphethelweni azo kukhona ama-pupal cradles.
Ezinsikazi ezifundeni eziseningizimu, emavikini angu-3 ngemva kwendiza enkulu, zibekela amaqanda azo futhi, bese kuvela isizukulwane esingudadewabo. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, lolu hlobo lwebhungane lwamagxolo lunesizukulwane esisodwa kuphela ngonyaka. Kodwa lezi zibalo zingase zihluke kuye ngombuso wokushisa.
Amabhungane amancane adla i-bast futhi enze iminyakazo eyengeziwe ukuze aphume. Ukuthomba kwamabhungane kuthatha amasonto angu-2-3, futhi kuncike embusweni wokushisa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-bark beetle ngamaviki angu-8-10, futhi izizukulwane ezi-2 zamabhungane zivela ngonyaka. Amabhungane wesizukulwane sesibili overwinter emagxolweni.
Izindlela zokulwa
Umthwebuli wezincwadi kanye nempilo yakhe.
I-Typograph bark beetle idala umonakalo omkhulu emahlathini e-spruce, ngakho-ke kunezindlela eziphumelelayo zokulwa nalesi zinambuzane.
- Emasimini amahlathi, ukuhlanzwa njalo kwezihlahla ezigulayo ezinamagxolo awonakele kwenziwa.
- Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kwezihlahla ezithintwa amagxolo bhungane.
- Ukubeka ama-bait ezihlahleni ezisanda kusikwa, ezibekwe ekwindla ehlathini. Amagxolo amabhungane ahlala kulezi zihlahla, futhi ngemva kokuvela kwezibungu, amagxolo ayahlanzwa, futhi ikoloni yezibungu iyafa.
Uma kwenzeka izilonda ezinkulu nge-bark beetle, ukusika okuqhubekayo kwe-sanitary kwenziwa, kulandelwa ukubuyiselwa.
isiphetho
Umdidiyeli wamagxolo ebhungane udala umonakalo omkhulu emahlathini esihlahla sonwele saseYurophu. Ezindaweni zamazwe amaningi, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokulwa nalolu hlobo lwebhungane lamagxolo. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi amahlathi e-spruce akhona kuwo wonke umhlaba lithi izindlela zokubhekana nazo zinikeza imiphumela.
https://youtu.be/CeFCXKISuDQ
Ngaphambilini