Amabhungane ezinambuzane: ukulimala kanye nezinzuzo zomndeni omkhulu

Amabhungane ezinambuzane: isithombe

Obani izigebengu

Igama: Umndeni wakwaNaryvniki
IsiLatini: Meloidae

Ibanga: Izinambuzane - isinambuzane
Isigcawu: I-Coleoptera - i-Coleoptera

	Izindawo zokuhlala:	i-steppe, i-semi-desert, izindawo ezishisayo
	Kuyingozi ku-:	izitshalo eziningi, abantu nezilwane
	Izindlela zokubhubhisa:	kuncike ohlotsheni, kusukela ezindleleni zezinto eziphilayo kuye kwamakhemikhali

Amabhamuza abizwa ngokuthi abameleli bomunye wemindeni edume kakhulu yamabhungane. Lezi zinambuzane zigqama kwezinye ngenxa yombala wazo ogqamile, ukuba khona koshevu oqinile egazini nendlela yokuphila ethokozisayo yezibungu zazo.

Abukeka kanjani ama-burrs

Umjikelezo wempilo webhamuza.

Amalungu amaningi omndeni wamabhamuza ayizimbungulu eziphakathi nendawo ezinkulu. Ubude bomzimba wabo bungahluka kusuka ku-5 mm kuya ku-50 mm. Ikhanda liyindilinga noma lingunxantathu ngesimo, futhi lihlome amehlo ayinkimbinkimbi nezimpondo. Lesi sakamuva sinezingxenye eziyisi-8-11 futhi ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezilwane zinwetshwa kancane ziye ngasemaphethelweni angaphezulu.

I-pronotum kubameleli abaningi balolu hlobo yingxenye encane kakhulu yomzimba. Ama-elytra anwebeka kakhulu, amise okwe-oblong futhi avame ukupendwe ngemibala egqamile. Okudume kakhulu izinketho zombala wekhava:

• okubomvu okukhanyayo namachashazi amnyama;
• emnyama enamabala aphuzi-orange kanye nemigqa ebanzi;
• eluhlaza nge-metallic sheen;
• i-orange ekhanyayo enamabala amancane amnyama;
• emnyama noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-omnyama nge-metallic sheen.

Abesifazane nabesilisa ngokuvamile abanawo umehluko ophawulekayo wangaphandle, kodwa kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane umuntu angabona ukwanda okunamandla kwesisu kwabesifazane, noma izimpondo eziguquliwe kwabesilisa.

Amabhungane.

Izinhlobo eziningi zamabhamuza ziziqhayisa ngamaphiko athuthuke kakhulu, okuwenza abe ama-flight anekhono kakhulu. Imilenze yabameleli balo mndeni iguqulelwe kahle ukuhamba nokugijima. Kunenqwaba yama-spurs emilenzeni.

Esigabeni sezibungu, amathumba asebenza kakhulu futhi aphila impilo egcwele izimuncagazi. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa, banemilenze ethuthuke kahle futhi umgomo wabo oyinhloko ukuthuthela endaweni lapho kunomthombo wokudla ofanelekayo kubo. Ezigabeni ezilandelayo zokukhula, isibungu sichitha cishe sonke isikhathi saso sokudla.

I-Blisters Habitat

Isikhathi eside, indawo yokuhlala yamabhamuza yayinqunyelwe emazweni aseYurophu, e-Asia nase-Afrika. Izinambuzane zithanda izindawo ezivulekile neziwugwadule, futhi ngenxa ye-thermophilicity yazo, inqwaba yalezi zinambuzane zitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo. Okwamanje, lezi zimbungulu ezikhanyayo zingatholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica.

U-Schiffer ungumbungazi ovelele.

ERussia, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhamuza zihlala ezindaweni ezilandelayo zezwe:

• Izifunda eziseNingizimu-mpumalanga;
• ingxenye yaseYurophu yezwe;
• INingizimu-ntshonalanga neMpumalanga yeSiberia;
• I-Primorye;
• ENyakatho Caucasus.

Indlela yokuphila yezikhohlakali

Abantu abadala bezinhlobo eziningi zamabhamuza badla kuphela ukudla okuvela ezitshalweni. Abanye abameleli bangama- aphages futhi abakudingi nhlobo ukudla. Ekudleni kwabantu abadala kungase kube khona:

Izibungu ngokuvamile ziyi-parasitic.. Amabhamuza avame ukubeka amaqanda eduze kwekhaya lomuntu ongase abe isisulu, okungaba:

Ukuthuthwa kwesibungu

Izimbungulu ezincane embalini.

Ngenxa yezitho ezikhule kahle, ngemva nje kokuzalwa, isibungu sikhwela iziqu zezitshalo bese silinda umuntu ofanelekayo. Lapho nje ongase abe “umwini wesinkwa” ebonakala emkhathizwe, unamathela ngokungabonakali emzimbeni wakhe. Isisulu esingaqaphile siletha i-parasite eyingozi ngqo esidlekeni saso, lapho isibungu sehla "ezokuthutha" saso futhi siqala ukumunca ukudla. Ukudla kwakhe kungase kuhlanganise:

• ukuma kwe-oviposition;
• izibungu;
• ukudla okulungiselelwe inzalo yazo izinambuzane ezindala.

Ukulimala kanye nezinzuzo zamabhamuza

Njengoba amabhungane amadala amabhamuza engama-phytophages, ezinye zezinhlobo zawo zingalimaza izitshalo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula okunamandla kwenani labantu. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezitshalo zivame ukuhlushwa ukuhlaselwa kwamathumba:

Okwabantu nezilwane

Ubuthi bebhamuza buyingozi kubantu.

Ngenxa yephutha labantu abadala bamabhamuza, izitshalo azihlupheki kuphela, kodwa futhi izilwane. Njengoba i-hemolymph yalezi zinambuzane inobuthi obuyingozi, ziwusongo cishe kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Amabhungane achitha isikhathi sawo esiningi emaqabunga kanye nezimbali zesitshalo, ngakho-ke imfuyo eklaba emasimini ivame ukuwadla kanye notshani. Ukwengezwa okunjalo ekudleni kwemifino kungaba yingozi empilweni nasempilweni yesilwane.

Ubuthi be-blivers bungaba yingozi futhi kubantu. Ngisho kumuntu omdala, ophile kahle, isinambuzane esisodwa esidliwe singabiza ukuphila. Uma uthatha leli bhungane ngezandla zakho ezingenalutho, khona-ke uzozwa ingozi futhi, ukuze azivikele, uzokhulula i-hemolymph enobuthi ezindlaleni ezikhethekile emilenzeni. Ngemva kokuxhumana nento enobuthi, esikhumbeni izimpawu ezingemnandi kakhulu ziqala ukuvela:

Okuwukuphela kwaso Inzuzo engalethwa amabhungezi ukuthuthwa kwempova kwezitshalo. Izinhlobo ezidla umpe wezimbali zifaka isandla emvuzweni wezitshalo eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhiqizwa kwabanye abameleli bezitshalo ngokuqondile kuncike kulezi zinambuzane.

Izibungu ze-Blister

Ngokungafani namabhungane amadala, izibungu zamabhamuza zenza okuhle kakhulu kunokulimaza. Zivame ukubola ezidlekeni zesikhonyane futhi ziqothule isizukulwane esisha, okuthinta kakhulu inani lalezi zinambuzane. Futhi njengoba wazi, izinkumbi ziyizinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu zezitshalo ezitshalwayo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isizukulwane esincane sezinye izinhlobo ze-blister sikhetha ukubola ezidlekeni zezinyosi zezinyosi futhi indawo enjalo ingabangela ukulimala okukhulu ku-bee colony.

Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zamabhamuza

Umndeni wama-blister uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2000, kodwa ezingaba yi-100 zazo kuphela ezitholakala eRussia. Okuvame kakhulu yizinhlobo ezilandelayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamathumba emithini yesintu

Into enobuthi equkethwe egazini lebhungane lamabhamuza ibizwa ngokuthi i-cantharidin. Lobu buthi buyingozi kakhulu empilweni nasempilweni yomuntu, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, babusetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-aphrodisiacs kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lama-20.

Ukuze kulungiswe izimpushana "zokuphulukisa", amafutha kanye nama-tinctures, abameleli bezinhlobo - izimpukane zaseSpain zisetshenziswe.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinjalo, ngisho nangenani elincane, ekugcineni kwaholela ekuphazamisekeni komsebenzi wezitho eziningi ezibalulekile, kodwa ngisho nokwazi lokhu, abantu abaningi baqhubeka bezisebenzisa.

isiphetho

Abameleli bomndeni wamabhamuza bagcwele emazweni amaningi. Lezi zimbungulu ezincane, ezinhle zingatholakala kalula ezitshalweni zezimbali, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukuxhumana nazo kungaba yingozi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane, ngoba abacwaningi abasha bahlale belwela ukufunda konke okusha.