Ubani ibhungane lomhlabathi: umsizi wasengadini noma inkathazo

Umbhali walesi sihloko

533 ukubukwa

5 imiz. ukufunda

Kunamabhungane amaningi ahlukene emhlabeni. Phakathi kwabamele i-Coleoptera, kunezinhlobo zezilwane ezidla ezinye nezinambuzane. Omunye wemindeni emikhulu - Amabhungane aphansi, abangela ukubonakala okukabili. Abanye bathi kumelwe zibhujiswe, abanye baphikelela ekulondolozweni kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Okuqukethwe

Amabhungane aphansi: isithombe
Incazelo yamabhungane angaphansi
Incazelo jikelele
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamabhungane
isiphetho

Amabhungane aphansi: isithombe

I-Ground beetle: isithombe.

Incazelo yamabhungane angaphansi

Igama: amabhungane emhlabathini
Isi-Latin: I-Carabidae
Ibanga: Izinambuzane - isinambuzane
Isigcawu: I-Coleoptera - i-Coleoptera

	Izindawo zokuhlala:	yonke indawo, kuye ngohlobo
	Kuyingozi ku-:	izinambuzane nama-gastropods, kunezinambuzane
	Isimo sengqondo ngabantu:	kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane, kukhona abamele i-Red Book kanye nezinambuzane ezizingelwayo

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamathani angama-50 omndeni wakwaCarabidae, futhi abameleli abasha abaningi bayavela njalo ngonyaka. Phakathi komndeni omkhulu kunezilwane ezidla ezinye, izinambuzane nama-phytophages.

Incazelo jikelele

Ibhungane eliphansi.

Lezi zinambuzane zinkulu, ngokwezindinganiso zezinambuzane, kusukela ku-3 kuya ku-5 cm. Umzimba ude, unamandla, kukhona amaphiko. Kodwa amabhungane aphansi andiza kabi futhi kabi, amanye aze anyakaze kuphela ngosizo lwemilenze yawo.

Ama-shades angahluka kakhulu, kusukela kumnyama kuya ku-bright, blue-green and purple shades. Kunezinhlobo ezine-tint ye-mother-of-pearl ngisho ne-bronze. Abanye abantu baba izisulu zabaqoqi.

isakhiwo somzimba

Ubukhulu nobukhulu bamabhungane bushintsha kancane, kodwa ukwakheka okujwayelekile kuyefana.

Inhloko

Ingase ihlehle ngokuphelele noma ihoxe engxenyeni ye-prothorax, inamehlo amabili nemihlathi enomumo ohlukile kuye ngohlobo lokudla. Izimpondo zinezingxenye ezingu-11, ezicwebezelayo noma ezimbozwe kancane ngezinwele.

Isifuba

Ukuma kwe-pronotum kuyehluka kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwebhungane. Kungaba yindilinga noma unxande, kube side kancane. Isihlangu sithuthukiswe kahle.

Izimbotshana

Imilenze ithuthuke kahle, yinde futhi izacile. Kunezi-6 zazo, njengazo zonke izinambuzane. Iqukethe izingxenye ezi-5, ezilungiselelwe ukunyakaza okusheshayo, ukumba nokukhuphuka.

Amaphiko kanye ne-elytra

Ukukhula kwamaphiko kuyahlukahluka ngezinhlobo. Ezinye zazo ziyancipha ngokoqobo. I-Elytra inzima, ifihla ngokuphelele isisu, kwezinye izinhlobo zikhula ndawonye eduze komthungo.

Isisu

Izilinganiso nezici zocansi zincike ocansini kanye nohlobo lwamabhungane angaphansi. Kodwa ngobuningi, bonke abantu banama-sternite angu-6-8 kanye nezinwele ezithile.

Izibungu

Izibungu azifundwa kancane. Zidla ngendlela efanayo neyabantu abadala, kodwa zihlala ongqimbeni lomhlabathi. Imihlathi ethuthuke kahle, izimpondo nemilenze. Abanye banamehlo anciphile.

Indawo yokuhlala nokusabalalisa

Ground bhungane engadini.

Emndenini omkhulu wamabhungane angaphansi komhlaba, kunezinhlobo ezihlala ezindaweni ezahlukene. Izindawo zokuhlala nazo zihlukile. Lezo zinhlobo ezihlala ezitshalweni naseduze nemithombo yamanzi zinemibala egqamile. Iningi lifiphele.

Amabhungane ahlala ezindaweni ezipholile. Kodwa zitholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme, i-tundra, i-taiga, emathafeni nasezingwadule. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, zitholakala ezindaweni ezipholile, kodwa nasezifundeni ezibandayo.

Phakathi komndeni kukhona abameleli abaningi nalabo abasohlwini lwe-Red Book yezifunda zaseRussia naseYurophu.

Izici Zokuphila

Inani elikhulu labantu lihlukile komunye nomunye endleleni yabo yokuphila. Iningi labo likhetha umswakama. Kepha kukhona abantu abahlala esihlabathini esixegayo, bashayele futhi bahlasele.

Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yimuphi umbono owubusuku noma ubusuku. Umugqa phakathi kwendlela yokuphila usuliwe. Umbandela obaluleke kakhulu womsebenzi umswakama. Ngomswakama owanele, abasebusuku bangaphila impilo yasemini.

Umjikelezo wokuphila

Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zinambuzane singafinyelela eminyakeni emi-3. Ezifundeni ezifudumele, izizukulwane ezi-2 zivela ngonyaka. Ukukhiqiza kuqala ngokukhwelana, okwenzeka kubantu abadala entwasahlobo. Okunye:

abesifazane babekela amaqanda emhlabathini;
Isibungu sebhungane lomhlabathi.
ngemva kwamasonto angu-1-3, kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni, isibungu sivela;
isibungu sidla futhi sifuqe;
i-pupa ifana nomuntu omdala, embelekweni okhethekile;
isibungu noma i-imago ingalala;
abesifazane abanandaba nenzalo.

Izintandokazi zokudla kanye nezitha zamabhungane aphansi

Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, amabhungane angaphansi komhlaba angaba izilwane ezidla ezinye, ezisiza abantu ngemisebenzi yasendlini kanye nezinambuzane. Aziyona ingozi esheshayo kubantu, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zinoketshezi olunobuthi ezilukhiphayo lapho zizwa zisongelwa.

Emvelweni, amabhungane ahlushwa izitha. Lokhu:

isikhunta;
imikhaza;
ama-hedgehogs;
ama-shrews;

imvukuzane;
amabheji;
izimpungushe;
amalulwane;

izilwane ezihuquzelayo;
izikhova;
izicabucabu;
amaxoxo.

Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamabhungane

Ngokusho kwedatha ethile, kusuka ezinkulungwaneni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-2 izinhlobo ezahlukene zitholakala endaweni yaseRussia nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Nazi ezinye zazo.

Ibhungane eliphansi

Enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, ebizwa nangokuthi i-snail-eter. Igama liyidlulisela ngokugcwele indlela yokuphila yebhungane. Lapho iqala ukubona ingozi, ikhipha uketshezi oluyisivikelo oluwuketshezi oluwushevu ezilwaneni eziningi ezincelisayo. Futhi okuthandwayo kokudla kuyiminenke. Isilwane esithanda ukushisa singaba nombala onsomi noma oluhlaza okotshani.

I-beetle yaseCrimea

Lesi silwane esikhulu esizingela izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene kanye nezilwane ezingenamgogodla. I-subspecies ihlala kuphela ezindaweni zezintaba ze-peninsula nasogwini oluseningizimu. Izinhlobo ezivikelwe ezihlala eziqiwini eziningi. Izithunzi nezimo ziyahlukahluka. Umbala ungaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omnyama, onsomi noma oluhlaza.

I-beetle yomhlabathi yaseCaucasian

Ummeleli omkhulu kunawo wonke we-ground mabhungane eRussia, kodwa futhi enye yezinto ezingavamile. Kwenzeka ngokwemvelo emaqeleni asezintabeni kanye nasezintabeni zezintaba. Umbala ungaba okhanyayo, njengalowo we-subspecies yaseCrimea, kodwa ukwakheka kwe-pronotum kuhluke kancane, kuyancipha ukuya phezulu. Idla ama-gastropods, kodwa ayinandaba nokudla izibungu nezibungu.

bhungane lokusanhlamvu

Leli bhungane liyinkathazo yezolimo. Ubude bomuntu buyi-15-25 cm, ububanzi bomhlane buyi-8 mm. Uhlobo olusabalele oludala umonakalo omkhulu ekutshalweni kukakolweni nokunye okusanhlamvu. Zilimaze abantu abadala kanye nezibungu ezidla okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu namahlumela aluhlaza. Itholakala kuwo wonke ama-subtropics nasezifundeni ezipholile.

ibhungane lomhlabathi

Le subspecies ibizwa nangokuthi ingadi. Beetle umthunzi wethusi omnyama, usayizi ophakathi. Umhlali wasebusuku emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, e-Asia, cishe yonke indawo etholakala endaweni yaseRussia. Ibhungane lihlala emibhedeni, ematsheni nasezindaweni ezingcolile, futhi lisebenza ebusuku. Ibhungane lasengadini liyisilwane esizingelayo esidla izinambuzane eziningi, izibungu, nezilwane ezingenamgogodla.

i-golovach evamile

Leli bhungane elinekhanda elikhulu, i-subspecies ethanda ukushisa engathandi izindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu. Lesi silwane esizingelayo sihamba sizingela ebusuku, emini sisemigodini ezilungiselela yona. Umbala umnyama bhuqe, akukho okuxegayo. Kusatshalaliswa yonke indawo. Umsizi ekulweni ne-Colorado potato beetle.

ihhashi lehlathi

I-subspecies yamabhungane angaphansi komhlaba akhetha amahlathi e-coniferous nama-wastelands. Osayizi bancane uma kuqhathaniswa nozakwabo, ngokwegama bagxumela phezulu. Kubukeka kuthakazelisa - umthunzi oyinhloko umnyama wethusi, phansi unombala onsomi, kunemigqa eminingana eguquguqukayo.

Amaphuzu ayisithupha asheshayo

Omunye wabameleli abancane bezinhlobo ze-beetle zomhlabathi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo i-variegated futhi inemibala ekhanyayo. Ikhanda nangemuva kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eluhlaza, kanti i-elytra inobomvu. Bahlala ezimfundeni zengxenye yaseYurophu yeRussian Federation. Laba bameleli badla izimbungulu ezincane nezinambuzane, futhi bahlasele emini.

I-Homophone iboshwe

Ibhungane elincane elinombala ongajwayelekile. Umbala oyinhloko unombala onsundu-ophuzi, futhi ku-elytra kunephethini ngendlela yamabala angapheli noma amabhande ajagged. Ihlala enhlabathini enesihlabathi, eduze nemithombo yamanzi.

I-coastal tinnik

Ibizwa nangokuthi i-coastal. Ibhungane elincane eline-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ku-elytra lihlotshiswe ngamabala ansomi-esiliva. Bahlala engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, emaxhaphozini, osebeni lwamadamu nasezindaweni ezikhukhula. Benza umsindo ongajwayelekile, ofana nokuklabalasa, uma bezwa ingozi. Ukuzingela, ukuzingela emini.

isiphetho

I-Ground beetles ingumndeni omkhulu wamabhungane ahlukahlukene. Kunezinhlobo ezizuzisa kakhulu ngokudla izinambuzane zasengadini, futhi kukhona lezo ezinjalo ngokwazo. Ezinye zikhanga ngokukhethekile, kodwa kukhona namabhungane amnyama angenalutho. Kodwa uhlobo ngalunye lunendima yalo.

IZINSINSI ZOKUGQIBELA EMSEBENZINI! Lezi zimbungulu ezincane, ezinolaka nezilambile zihlasela wonke umuntu!