Izenzo zokulunywa komkhaza womuntu: ukusesha nokususwa kwe-parasite engabonakali kanye nosizo lokuqala
Lapho nje izinsuku ezifudumele zifika ngemva kobusika, ngifuna ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi samahhala emvelweni. Kodwa kunokukhathazeka ngokuthi ungazivikela kanjani ekulunyweni yizinambuzane, noma imikhaza. Futhi yini okufanele uyenze uma ngokuzumayo ubambe umkhaza. Indlela yokunikeza usizo lokuqala, nokuthi udinga ukuphuza amaphilisi ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza.
Okuqukethwe
Lapho imikhaza itholakala khona
Imikhaza ye-Ixodid isebenza kakhulu kusukela maphakathi no-April kuya maphakathi noJuni futhi itholakala emahlathini agcwele utshani obukhulu, obufushane. Kodwa ungahlangana nabo ngaphandle kokuya ndawo. Bahlala noma kuphi lapho kukhona ukukhula okuminyene, ezindaweni zokuhlala, ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni.. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokubuya ekuhambeni, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela izingubo zakho, uzithuntuthe ngaphandle kokuzifaka ekamelweni. Imikhaza iphinde ibambelele ezilwaneni ezifuywayo, ngakho-ke ukubuya ngemva kohambo nakho kudinga ukuhlolwa.
Ubukeka kanjani umkhaza
Imikhaza ivame ukuluma kuphi?
Egibela umuntu, afune indawo lapho angabambelela khona.
Imikhaza ivamise ukunamathela ezindaweni ezinesikhumba esithambile. Lesi yisifunda se-inguinal, intamo, emuva, isikhumba ngemuva kwezindlebe, amakhwapha, imilenze.
Ukwakheka kwamathe omkhaza kuhlanganisa into ebulala izinzwa, futhi njengomthetho, ubuhlungu abuzwiwa lapho ulunywa. Kodwa amagciwane ezifo eziyingozi angena egazini lomuntu ngamathe.
Ingozi yokuluma uphawu
Akuwona wonke amakhizane e-ixodid athwala izifo eziyingozi. Kodwa uma izimo zezifo ezithathelwanayo zaziwa esifundeni, ngemva kokulunywa komkhaza, khona-ke ngokushesha ngemva kokukhipha umkhaza nokunikeza usizo lokuqala, udinga ukubheka isilonda. Uma ubomvu nokuvuvukala kuhlala kuzungeze isilonda izinsuku ezingama-2-3, kufanele uthintane nodokotela.
Usizo lokuqala ekulunyweni komkhaza
Okufanele ukwenze uma umkhaza utholakala emzimbeni. Kuyadingeka ukulandela inqubo ethile yokulunywa komkhaza:
- ukutholakala nokukhishwa kwe-parasite;
- ukwelashwa kwesilonda;
- pmp ngokulunywa umkhaza.
Ngemuva kokukhipha i-parasite, kufanele ithathwe ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri futhi uthintane nodokotela.
Ungawuthola kanjani umkhaza emzimbeni
Phakathi nesikhathi sokusebenza kwemikhaza, ubuya ngemva kokuhamba, udinga ukuhlola izingubo zakho ukuze uthole ukuthi kukhona ama-parasites, kungcono ukukhumula izingubo zakho zangaphandle emgwaqweni bese uzinyakazisa. Hlola zonke izigoqi namaphakethe, njengoba umakhi ungafika lapho. Emzimbeni womuntu, inamathela ezindaweni ezinesikhumba esithambile. Uma uthola ithikhi enamathele, udinga ukuzama ukuyisusa ngendlela efanele.
Ungawususa kanjani umkhaza esikhumbeni somuntu
Umkhaza omunca ungasuswa uwena noma uthinte isikhungo sezokwelapha. Uma ususa umkhaza ngokwakho, udinga ukuthambisa i-swab yekotini nge-ammonia noma i-cologne, uyibeke phezu kwayo imizuzwana embalwa, bese ungayisusa.
Imikhaza ekhaya ingakhishwa ngezindlela ezintathu:
- Ukusebenzisa ama-tweezers: bamba umkhaza eduze nomzimba ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ngokunyakazisa okusonta, uwukhiphe kancane kancane.
- Ngosizo lwentambo: bopha intambo ekhanda lomkhaza, upheqa imikhawulo yezintambo, uguqe emaceleni, kancane kancane, ngaphandle kokunyakaza okungazelelwe, uyikhiphe.
- Ungasikhipha i-parasite ngenaliti ene-calcined noma eyinyumba, njenge-splinter.
Kukhona amadivaysi akhethekile okukhipha imikhaza, lena i-pincer nesibambo se-lasso.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhipha i-parasite yonke, ungadonsi, bese ucindezela esiswini ukuze okuqukethwe komkhaza kungangeni enxebeni, njengoba kungangenwa igciwane. Yelapha isilonda ngemva kokukhipha umkhaza.
Uma ikhanda lomkhaza lihlala esikhumbeni, bese uphatha indawo ezungezile nge-iodine futhi uyisuse ngenaliti oyinyumba, njenge-splinter. Kodwa ngisho noma ungeke ukwazi ukukususa ngokuphelele, lesi akusona isizathu sokwethuka, ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa isikhumba sizosenqaba.
Ngemva kokukhipha umkhaza, geza isilonda ngensipho namanzi bese welapha nganoma yisiphi isibulala-magciwane.
Uma ulunywe umkhaza, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yimuphi udokotela ongathintana naye ukuze uthole usizo lokuqala. Ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza, phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2, uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo ubeka i-prophylaxis ephuthumayo ngokumelene ne-encephalitis, i-borreliosis kanye ne-anthrax ephethwe umkhaza, kanye nokuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka.
Esikhungweni sezokwelapha, i-immunoglobulin ngokumelene ne-encephalitis ethwala umkhaza isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izimo eziphuthumayo, kodwa imikhaza ibuye ithwale nezinye izifo eziyingozi, ngakho udokotela uzobeka i-prophylactic antibiotic therapy. Kubaluleke kakhulu uma owesifazane okhulelwe elunywa umkhaza, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze nokuthi unganikeza kanjani usizo lokuqala ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okwengeziwe, kufanele nakanjani uye esibhedlela. Umphumela wokwelashwa okunjalo uzoba uma uphuza umuthi emahoreni okuqala angama-72 ngemuva kokulunywa. Udokotela uzomnikeza amaphilisi okulunywa umkhaza. Ezinganeni, inkambo yokwelashwa nge-Amoxiclav iyanconywa, futhi kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-8, inkambo yokwelashwa yezinsuku ezi-5 nge-Unidox noma i-Solutab. Futhi, ukuvimbela i-Lyme borreliosis, i-doxycycline inqunyelwe, i-0,1 g kanye. Kodwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-8 ubudala, ukuthatha i-doxycycline kuvinjelwe.
Udokotela ubeka imijovo ye-immunoglobulin, kodwa uma ukwethulwa kwalesi sidakamizwa kungenakwenzeka, khona-ke izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane zisetshenziswa esikhundleni: Anaferon, Yodantipyrin, noma Remantadin.
Izinkinga ngemva kokulunywa imikhaza
Ngemva kokulunywa imikhaza ye-ixodid, kunengozi yokuthola izifo ezingaba ngu-20, futhi ezingu-9 kuzo ziyingozi kakhulu kubantu. Ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza, izimpawu zokuqala zivela ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-7, lezi umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bekhanda nemisipha, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nokuphazamiseka kokulala. Kodwa uma ungazinaki izimpawu ezinjalo, khona-ke lesi sifo singaba esingamahlalakhona futhi kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukubhekana naso.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho isiguli siqala ukulimala ebuchosheni, kungaholela ekukhubazekeni ngisho nasekufeni.
Ungazivikela kanjani ekulunyweni umkhaza
Njengoba kungenakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuzwa umkhaza emzimbeni, kungcono ukuzivikela ekulunyweni kwabo ngezingubo zokugqoka kanye namakhemikhali okuzivikela.
- Izingubo zokuhlala ngaphandle ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemikhaza kufanele zikhethwe ngemibala ekhanyayo, i-parasite ibonakala ngokucacile kuyo. Ukuze uvikeleke, ingelashwa futhi nge-agent exosha i-acaricidal. Faka ibhulukwe emasokisini, faka ihembe ebhulukweni, bopha amacuffs, faka isigqoko.
- Kukhona imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali etholakalayo ukuze isetshenziswe esikhumbeni, izosebenza njengendlela eyengeziwe yokuvikela.
- Imithi yokugomela i-encephalitis ethwala umkhaza iyindlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokuzivikela.
- Futhi uma kuvela ukuthi babambe umkhaza, udinga ukwazi ukuthi unganikeza kanjani usizo olu-1 ngokulunywa komkhaza.