Izibungu zesikhumba ezinjeni: yini eyingozi nokuthi uphathwa kanjani ekhaya ngemithi nezindlela zabantu

Yini eyingozi umkhaza we-subcutaneous ezinjeni

Isifo esibangelwa umkhaza ongaphansi kwesikhumba sibizwa ngokuthi i-demodicosis. Kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezi-2 zesifo: i-scaly (isikhumba siphenduka sibe bomvu futhi siqhekeke) kanye ne-pustular (kulokhu, isikhumba siba nemibimbi ngenxa yezilonda).

Uma kungekho ukwelashwa, ifomu lokuqala lidlulela kwesibili, okunzima ukuliphatha futhi ngokuvamile lidala izinkinga. Lesi sifo singasakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba, sibangele ukungasebenzi kahle kwezitho ezilandelayo:

Inani lamanxeba emzimbeni likhula ngokushesha, okwenza umzimba wenja ube sengozini yokuthola izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ukutheleleka kwesibili kuvame ukwenzeka, okungase kuholele ku-sepsis uma inja inesimiso sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka. Lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu emidlwaneni engaphansi kweminyaka engu-2 ubudala, izinja ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona, kanye nezinja ezinozalo.

Isilwane esifuywayo singatheleleka kanjani?

Inja ingatheleleka esilwaneni esigulayo ngokuthintana ngqo, nangokuyinakekela (udoti, amathoyizi, amathawula). Ezinye izinhlobo zezimuncagazi ziyingxenye yezitshalo futhi ngamanani amancane azinayo ingozi empilweni.

Ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo kwemikhaza kungaqala lapho ukuzivikela kwenja kubuthakathaka: lokhu kwenzeka ngezifo ezithathelwanayo eziyingozi noma ezingapheli, kanye nokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside nge-corticosteroids.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezilandelayo zithonya ukuthuthukiswa kwe-demodicosis:

• ubudala (imidlwane nezinja ezindala zisengozini);
• isikhathi sonyaka (ehlobo, izimuncagazi ziphindaphindeka kakhulu);
• uhlobo (i-hereditary predisposition ine-bulldogs, i-sharpei, abelusi baseJalimane, ama-pugs, ama-bull terriers);
• ukunakekelwa okungafanele kanye nokudla okunomsoco (izifo zepheshana lesisu, ukuvela kwama-bald patches, isikhunta esikhumbeni);
• isimo esicindezelayo.

Izinhlobo zezibungu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba

Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zezibungu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba eziyingozi esilwaneni esifuywayo.

I-Demodex

Lesi sifo sibangelwa i-Demodex - i-mite microscopic, usayizi we-0,2-0,4 mm. Umuntu omdala unomzimba ompunga okhanyayo ofana nezikelemu, amapheya amane ezitho kanye ne-proboscis ende. I-Demodex ayilokothi ishiye umzimba womsingathi, ikhula ezindlala ze-sebaceous, izimpande zezinwele.

Izibungu zotwayi

I-scabies mite (itch) iyi-parasite ye-intradermal ebangela utwayi ezilwaneni ezincelisayo. Iyingozi kubantu nakwezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Ukuluma kungafinyelela ubukhulu obungu-0,45 mm. Umzimba u-oval ububanzi, awunawo ukuhlukaniswa, umhlophe noma uphuzi-mhlophe.

I-parasite ingena esikhunjeni futhi idla izinhlayiya ze-epidermis.

Uma inja inempilo, kungase kungabi khona izimpawu zesifo, kodwa isilwane sizoba umthwali futhi singathelela abanye.

Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zotwayi, ngayinye ebangela uhlobo oluthile lotwayi.

Izinhlobo nezimpawu ze-demodicosis ngesithombe

Ngokusho kwenkambo yomtholampilo, izinhlobo eziningana ze-demodicosis zihlukaniswa.

Okugxilwe kwasendaweni

Ngefomu lendawo yesifo, izilonda eziningana zibonwa. Ngokuvamile zivela emlonyeni, ikakhulukazi kumajwabu amehlo nezindebe, kanye nasezithweni nasezithweni. Ezindaweni ezithintekile, izinwele ziyawa, ziyaxebuka futhi zibebomvu. Ukuluma akubonwa. Kuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi imidlwane engayitholi imishanguzo ye-immunosuppressive ingase ilulame ngokuzenzakalelayo.

jikelele

Kulokhu, lezi zimpawu zingase zivele ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-5-10 kusukela ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo.

Intsha

Lesi yi-subspecies yohlobo olujwayelekile lwe-demodicosis. Kutholakala emidlwaneni engaphansi konyaka ongu-1. Inzalo itheleleka kumama ogulayo. Ibonakala ngokuba bomvu kwesikhumba nokulahlekelwa izinwele eduze kwamehlo. Kwesinye isikhathi lesi sifo sihamba ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kungenzeka kuphela lapho umdlwane uqina.

I-Demodicosis ye-Pustular

Kungenzeka kokubili ngokuzimela futhi njengomphumela we-scaly demodicosis engalashwa. Isibonakaliso sesici salolu hlobo: ama-tubercles nama-nodes (ama-pustules) agcwele ifomu lobomvu ezindaweni ze-bald.

Ngaphandle, zibukeka njengamabhamuza anombala obomvu noma onsundu. Ngemva kwamasonto angu-3-4, amabhamuza aqhuma, okuqukethwe kuyoma, futhi kwakheka utwayi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphunga le-fetid liphuma enjeni. Ukwelashwa kwe-pustular demodicosis kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha: inja ayinakuzivikela ngokumelene namagciwane, kunamathuba amaningi okutheleleka ngezifo zesibili, futhi amacala okubulala igazi ayaziwa. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukugqugquzela ukungatheleleki kanye nokubulala amagciwane ku-epidermis ethintekile.

I-Otomodemodicosis kanye ne-Podomodecosis

Lezi yizinhlobo ze-demadecosis, ezingaba yingxenye yezinhlobo ezijwayelekile nezendawo zesifo.

Izimpawu zotwayi

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, utwayi ezinjeni lungaba izinhlobo ezi-2: zakudala nezindlebe.

ngesikhathi uhlobo lwesifo se-classical izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyabonakala:

• ukubonakala kwamachashazi amancane emzimbeni, inombolo nobukhulu bawo okwandisa ngokukhula kwesifo;
• inja iyaluma, igudla emakhoneni efenisha ngenxa yokulunywa kanzima;
• ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuvela amathumba nezilonda.

utwayi ezindlebeni izibonakalisa kanje:

• ukuziphatha okungaphumuli, inja inyakazisa izindlebe zayo;
• ukunwaya okubonakalayo endaweni yendlebe;
• ukungathandi ukudla.

Izindlela zokuxilonga

Izimpawu zotwayi ziyefana nezinye izifo zesikhumba, ngakho udokotela wezilwane kuphela ongakwazi ukwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Izindlela zokwelapha

Uma zitholwa kusenesikhathi, izifo zesikhumba ezinjeni zingelapheka ngempumelelo.

Uhlu lwezidakamizwa zesifo

Kunemithi eminingi emelene nemikhaza engaphansi kwesikhumba. Zonke kufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela njengoba kunqunywe udokotela.

Inja egulayo kufanele ihlukaniswe nezinye izilwane.

Imijovo ye-Acaricidal

Imijovo ye-acaricidal ye-intramuscular and subcutaneous acaricidal iboniswa ezinja ezinohlobo oluphambili lwe-scabies kanye ne-demodicosis. Banesenzo se-antiparasite. Ngokuvamile, odokotela bezilwane basebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ezilandelayo:

Amafutha e-Acaricidal

Imithi yokugcoba iyikhambi elivame kakhulu lokwelapha izifo zezilwane ezibangelwa izibungu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba. Zine-anti-inflammatory, antiseptic kanye ne-analgesic effect.

Ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kuzo yilezi:

• Amafutha e-sulfuric;
• amafutha e-ichthyol;
• Ijeli ye-Amidel.

Izixazululo ze-Acaricidal zokwelashwa kwe-topical

Izixazululo zokusetshenziswa kwezihloko zinezinhlobonhlobo zezenzo: zisebenza ngokuqondile kuma-parasite, zikhulula ukuvuvukala nokuluma, futhi zivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zesibili.

Izixazululo ezidumile ze-acaricidal:

I-Acaricidal iyancipha ekubuneni

Amaconsi avame ukufakwa ekwelapheni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezifo zesikhumba ezinjeni. Isebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni nezilonda ezilodwa. Izidakamizwa ezisebenzayo leli fomu lokukhipha:

• Ummeli;
• I-Promeris Duo;
• Dironet Spot it

I-Bravecto nama-analogues

Izingxenye ezisebenzayo zesidakamizwa i-Bravecto nama-analogues aso ziphazamisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-neuron yomkhaza, ziwavimbe futhi ziwabhubhise. Emithi yezilwane, zisetshenziswa kamuva nje, kodwa sezivele zibonise ukusebenza kwazo.

Izidakamizwa kuleli qembu zihlanganisa:

Amaphilisi e-antibacterial

Amaphilisi e-antibacterial ekwelapheni izifo zesikhumba anqunyelwe ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zesibili ezimweni eziphambili. Imithi ephumelela kakhulu:

• I-Tsiprovet;
• I-Synulox;
• I-Xiklav.

Amakhambi abantu

Ngefomu elincane lesifo noma ekuqaleni kokukhula kwayo, unganciphisa isimo sesilwane ngosizo lwezindlela zokwelapha zesintu. Izindlela zokupheka ezilandelayo ziyaziwa.

AmaShampoo

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, izinwele ezivela ezindaweni ezithintekile kufanele zinqunywe. Inja idinga ukugezwa ukuze isuse izikali namafutha amaningi. Ngemuva kokugeza, awudingi ukusula inja, kufanele usule kancane isikhumba, uvumele ingubo yome ngokwemvelo noma usebenzise isomisi sezinwele. Ama-shampoos anesenzo se-keralitic ne-antibacterial. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Udokotela;
• I-DermaPet;
• I-Peroxiderm.

Izici zokudla okunomsoco ngesikhathi sokwelashwa

Ukondleka okufanele kusebenze ukuzivikela komzimba wenja, okumsiza ukuba abhekane nokuhlasela kwama-parasites ngokushesha.

1. Ingxenye eyinhloko (70-80%) yokudla kwesilwane kufanele kube amaprotheni - inyama, amaqanda, inhlanzi. Akunakwenzeka ukunikeza isilwane imikhiqizo emisha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa: kungabangela ukungezwani komzimba, okuzothinta kabi isimo saso esijwayelekile.
2. I-20-30% yokudla kufanele ihlale imifino nezithelo; ukuze ushintshe, ungangeza iphalishi elincane kumenyu. Inja kufanele ithole ukudla okuphelele, okulinganiselayo hhayi nje ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kodwa impilo yayo yonke, ngoba noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba kungabangela ukuphindeka.
3. Lapho ukhetha ukudla okomile, kuyadingeka ukucabangela iminyaka, uhlobo, kanye nesimo sempilo yesilwane esifuywayo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akuthinti kabi ukusebenza kwesibindi, izinso kanye nomgudu wamathumbu.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Izifo zesikhumba ezibangelwa ama-parasites zivame ukuhambisana nokutheleleka kwesibili kanye nokulimala kwezitho zangaphakathi. Izinkinga ezivamile yi-conjunctivitis ne-dermatitis. Ezigabeni zakamuva, lesi sifo singathinta i-gastrointestinal tract futhi lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi eyingozi kakhulu ye-demodicosis. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa, isilwane singase sehluleke isibindi, isisu, izinso, okuzoholela ekufeni.

Umuntu angakwazi futhi ukuthola utwayi, kodwa kubantu lesi sifo sibangelwa izimuncagazi zohlobo lweDemodex folliculorum, nasezinjeni iDemodex canis, injai, mange. Ngakho-ke, umuntu akakwazi ukutheleleka ngenja, isilwane esigulayo kufanele sihlukaniswe kuphela nezihlobo.

Ukuvimbela i-demodicosis ezinjeni

Ingozi yokutheleleka nge-subcutaneous mites ingancishiswa ibe ncane uma kulandelwa inani lezincomo:

Ungafaki ukuxhumana kwenja nezilwane ezilahlekile, ezingajwayelekile, zasendle.

1. Ukuze uthole ukudla okunomsoco, sebenzisa kuphela ukudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kwemikhiqizo eyaziwayo; uma usebenzisa ukudla kwemvelo, qiniseka ukuthi wengeza amavithamini ekudleni;
2. Yenza ukuhlanza okumanzi ekamelweni okungenani kanye ezinsukwini ezimbili. Uma inja inezinwele ezinde, i-vacuum yokuhlanza izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngesonto;
3. Ungakushayi indiva ukukhishwa kwezikelemu nokugoma okuhleliwe.
4. Ungafaki ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwesilwane esifuywayo emakhazeni nasekuswakeni. Umata wokulala kufanele wome futhi uhlanzeke.
5. Ukugeza njalo nokukama isilwane esifuywayo, ukususwa okufika ngesikhathi kwakho konke ukungcola.