Okufanele ukwenze uma umuntu elunywe umkhaza: izimpawu nemiphumela yokutheleleka, ukwelashwa nokuvimbela
Entwasahlobo, imikhaza iyasebenza - ama-parasites, abathwali abangaba khona bezifo, okuyingozi kakhulu okubhekwa njenge-encephalitis ethwala umkhaza. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukubona ngokushesha izinambuzane emzimbeni noma ezingutsheni, futhi ngokuvamile uyakwazi ukunamathela isisulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ephuza igazi isikhathi eside, ayanda amathuba okutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ukulunywa komkhaza kuvame ukubukeka kanjani emzimbeni womuntu ukuze uthathe isinyathelo ngesikhathi.
Okuqukethwe
- Kubukeka kanjani ukulunywa komkhaza: isithombe
- Izimbangela zokulunywa komkhaza kubantu
- Kuyingozi kangakanani ukulunywa wumkhaza
- Okufanele ukwenze ngokulunywa umkhaza usizo lokuqala
- Izimpawu nezimpawu zokulunywa komkhaza
- Okufanele ukwenze ngokulunywa komkhaza, kuye ngohlobo lwesifo
- Ukuvimbela ukulunywa komkhaza
Kubukeka kanjani ukulunywa komkhaza: isithombe
Izimbangela zokulunywa komkhaza kubantu
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokulunywa kwegazi yizi:
- ukuhamba ezindaweni ezingaba yingozi - izindawo zamahlathi, izindlela ezigcwele utshani, amaxhaphozi, njll.;
- ukuletha izinto zasekhaya ezivela ehlathini - obhasikidi, amagatsha, izihlahla eziwile, izimbali zezimbali;
- ukuhlolwa okwanele noma ukuntuleka kwezinwele ezifuywayo - ngokuvamile ziletha ama-parasites endlini.
Kuyingozi kangakanani ukulunywa wumkhaza
Akukhona ukuluma ngokwako okuyingozi, kodwa ukutheleleka okungena kukho. Izifo eziyingozi kakhulu ezithwala imikhaza yilezi:
- i-encephalitis;
- i-borreliosis (isifo saseLyme);
- i-erlichiosis;
- i-tularemia;
- umkhuhlane obuyayo.
Incazelo eningiliziwe yezifo inikezwa esihlokweni esingezansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulunywa kwe-parasite kungabangela ukungezwani komzimba, kuze kufike ekushaqekeni kwe-anaphylactic.
Okufanele ukwenze ngokulunywa umkhaza usizo lokuqala
Njengoba kunikezwe ingozi ye-bloodsuckers, kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka ngokushesha ngemva kokutholakala kwayo. Odokotela batusa ngokuqinile ukuthi uxhumane nesikhungo sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Ama-antibiotic okuluma umkhaza
Odokotela bavame ukunikeza ama-antibiotic njengendlela yokuvimbela. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuwathatha akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi umuntu olunyiwe ngeke agule, futhi futhi akanamandla ngokumelene ne-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza, ngoba lesi sifo sibangelwa igciwane.
Okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yiCefpodoxime, Doxycycline, Amoxicillin.
Umthamo kanye nemvamisa yokuphatha kunqunywe udokotela. Kunconywa ukuthatha amaphilisi kuphela emahoreni angu-72 okuqala ngemva kokulunywa.
Susa umaka obambekile
Kungcono ukuphathisa lokhu odokotela, bazokwenza ngendlela efanele, ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Uma kungekho ithuba elinjalo, udinga ukwenza ngokuzimela, ngoba lokhu kunezindlela eziningana. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile: ama-pliers, ama-tweezers akhethekile noma ekhemisi. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungathinti izinambuzane ngezandla ezingenalutho, njengoba kunengozi yokutheleleka nge-microcracks namanxeba esikhumbeni!
I-algorithm yezenzo lapho ususa izinambuzane:
- yibambe eduze kwesikhumba ngangokunokwenzeka;
- yenza ukunyakaza okuningana kokuskrola kunoma iyiphi indlela;
- kancane, ngaphandle kokuqhaqhazela noma ukwenza ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, yisuse;
- phatha indawo yokulunywa nganoma iyiphi i-antiseptic.
Okufanele ukwenze uma ungakhishwa wonke umkhaza
Uma inkathazo isuswe ngokungalungile, khona-ke ikhanda layo lingase liphume futhi lihlale ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kulula ukukubona ngeso lenyama: ichashaza elimnyama libonakala phakathi nendawo ebomvu.
Kulokhu, akufanele ukwethuke, njengomthetho, umzimba ngokwawo wenqaba umzimba wangaphandle ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Kunconywa ukugcwalisa isilonda nge-iodine eningi futhi uyiqaphe ngokucophelela. Uma kwenzeka izimpawu zokuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela.
Icutshungulwa kanjani
Ukucubungula, ungasebenzisa noma iyiphi i-ejenti ye-antiseptic:
- isisombululo sotshwala;
- i-hydrogen peroxide;
- i-chlorhexidine;
- okuluhlaza okotshani.
Thatha umaki uye lab
Kutuswa ukuthi i-parasite iyise elabhorethri ukuze ihlaziywe ukuze kutholakale ukutheleleka kwayo ngezifo. Ukwenza lokhu, isinambuzane sifakwe esitsheni esinesivalo esiqinile (ithubhu yokuhlola ifaneleka kahle ukuhlolwa). Kanye nomkhaza, ucezu olumanzisiwe lukakotini noma indwangu kufanele lubekwe lapho ukuze lungafi. Ngaphambi kokudluliselwa elabhorethri, kuvunyelwe ukugcina isinambuzane esiqandisini amahora angu-48.
Ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngemuva kokulunywa kwe-parasite, kunconywa ukunikela ngegazi ukuze kutholwe amasosha omzimba ezifweni ezidluliselwa ngemikhaza. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba umkhaza usumunyiwe, akufanelekile ukuqhuba ucwaningo.
Yenza i-immunotherapy njengoba kunconywe udokotela
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo lwezinambuzane, kanye ne-serum yegazi ye-antibodies, udokotela unquma ngokululekwa kwe-immunotherapy, okubandakanya ukwethulwa kwe-gamma-immunoglobulin emzimbeni. Njengamanje, ezweni lethu, le sevisi inikezwa ngesisekelo esikhokhelwayo. Umuthi ungatholakala mahhala kuphela njengengxenye yezinsizakalo ezihlinzekwa ngaphansi kwenqubomgomo ye-VHI.
Izimpawu nezimpawu zokulunywa komkhaza
Ukulunywa ngokwako akuhambisani nobuhlungu kubantu, ngakho-ke kungabonakali isikhathi eside.
Ziyini izimpawu ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza: izimpawu zokuqala
Kuncike ngokuqondile ezicini zesimiso sokuzivikela somuntu, isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokuluma izimpawu zokuqala zalo.
Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zokuqala zokuhlasela komkhaza yilezi ezilandelayo:
- ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, ukozela;
- ubuhlungu emisipha namalunga;
- i-photophobia;
- Ukugodola.
Ezinye izimpawu zokulunywa komkhaza kubantu
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ziba ziqondile futhi zincike ohlotsheni lokutheleleka. Ukubonakaliswa okuvamile kokutheleleka:
- umkhuhlane;
- ama-lymph nodes akhulisiwe;
- i-tachycardia;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
- ikhanda;
- izimpawu ze-neurological.
Okufanele ukwenze ngokulunywa komkhaza, kuye ngohlobo lwesifo
Inkambo yesenzo kanye nokwelashwa okuqhubekayo kuncike ohlotsheni lokutheleleka. Kunoma yiziphi izimo, ukuvakashela udokotela kuyimpoqo, ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu futhi kunikeza ithuba lokululama ngokugcwele.
| Izifo | Izimpawu | Incazelo | Лечение |
|---|---|---|---|
| Encephalitis | ukwanda okubukhali kwezinga lokushisa kuze kufike ku-40 degrees; ukubonakala kwe-rash emzimbeni; isicanucanu nokuhlanza; | I-encephalitis ethwala umkhaza yisifo esithinta isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi somuntu. I-ejenti eyimbangela igciwane. Ibonakala ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kanye nenkambo enzima. Ngokuvamile kuholela ekukhubazekeni okukhulu nokufa. | ukuhambisana nokuphumula kombhede; ukwethulwa kwe-immunoglobulin; ukusetshenziswa esikhundleni segazi kanye ne-prednisolone; ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-meningitis - imithamo ephezulu kavithamini C kanye neqembu B. |
| I-Borreliosis | ukubonakala endaweni yokulunywa kwesici esibomvu sendawo ngesimo sendandatho (wandering erythema), egcina ikhanya emaphethelweni futhi ikhanye ngaphakathi; umkhuhlane; ukwanda kwama-lymph nodes esifunda; ubuhlungu emisipha namalunga. | Isifo esibangelwa amagciwane, inkambo yayo evame ukuba yizifo ezingelapheki. Ezimweni ezingavamile, izimpawu zokuqala zingavela kuphela ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. | esiteji sendawo ebomvu, ama-antibiotic eqembu le-tetracycline abonisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu; izimpawu ze-neurological zimiswa ngokufakwa kwe-intravenous kwezidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane zochungechunge lwe-penicillin ne-cephalosporin; ibhalansi yamanzi ibuyiselwa ngosizo lwe-prednisolone nama-substitutes egazi; amavithamini, izidakamizwa zokuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwe-cerebral kanye nama-hormone e-anabolic asetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kwesondlo. |
| i-erlichiosis | imfiva, imfiva; ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla: isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo; ukudakwa okujwayelekile komzimba; Izimpawu ze-SARS: umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela okomile. | Isifo esithathelwanayo esibonakala isikhathi eside sokufukamela: izimpawu zokuqala zingavela emavikini angu-3 ngemva kokulunywa. | I-Ehrlichiosis iphathwa ngempumelelo ngama-antibiotics futhi ixazulula ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu. I-Ehrlichia (ibhaktheriya ebangela izifo) izwela ku-tetracycline ama-antibiotics (i-doxycycline, i-tetracycline), ezinye izindlela i-rifampicin ne-chloramphenicol. |
| imfiva ephindaphindayo ebangelwa umkhaza | ukubonakala kwe-papule endaweni yokulunywa; ikhanda elibuhlungu nesiyezi; ukuphazamiseka kokulala kanye ne-delirium; ukwanda kokujuluka; isicanucanu, ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo. | Isifo esithathelwanayo esithwalwa imikhaza. I-agent causative yi-bacteria - spirochetes. | Lesi sifo siphathwa ngempumelelo ngama-antibiotic eqembu le-tetracycline. Ngokudakwa okukhulu komzimba, i-furosemide noma i-osmotic diuretics isetshenziswa. |
| I-Tularemia | imfiva, imfiva; Ikhanda elibuhlungu elinamandla; ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes; kwezinye izimo, ukopha. | Isifo esithathelwanayo esiyingozi. | I-antibiotic streptomycin umuthi okhethwayo wokwelapha i-tularemia. Enye indlela yomuthi ingaba i-gentamicin, i-doxycycline, i-chloramphenicol, i-ciprofloxacin. |
| babesiosis | umkhuhlane; ikhanda; ubuhlungu emisipha namalunga; ukulahleka kwesifiso ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla kwemvelo ehlukahlukene. | I-babesiosis iyingozi kakhulu ezinjeni. Kubantu, abantu abakhubazekile kuphela abathintekayo. Ngaphandle, lesi sifo sizibonakalisa njengesifo esibangelwa amagciwane. | inhlanganisela ye-Quinine ne-Clindamycin; inhlanganisela ye-Cotrimoxazole ne-Pentamidine Diisocyanate; ukuqashwa kanyekanye kwe-Atovakon ne-Azithromycin. |
| umkhuhlane omabala | ukulahleka kwesifiso ukuhlanza "izizathu zekhofi"; ukuqubuka kwe-hemorrhagic; ukopha ngamakhala. | I-spotted fever ayivamile eRussia. Ithwalwa imikhaza ehlala e-United States. I-agent ebangela umkhuhlane yi-bacterium Rickettsia. | Umuthi osebenza kahle kakhulu ekwelapheni imfiva enamabala yi-doxycycline. Ukuze kuqedwe uphawu lwe-hemorrhagic, i-heparin ijova nge-intravenous kwisisombululo se-glucose. |
Ukuvimbela ukulunywa komkhaza
Ukulunywa kwama-parasite kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ukuze uzigweme, kuyadingeka ukunaka ngokufanele ukugcinwa kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Gqoka izingubo ezivaliwe nezicathulo.
Sebenzisa amakhemikhali okuzivikela - ama-repellents nama-acaricides. Kudingeka baphathe isikhumba nezingubo zabantu abadala kanye nezingane ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo. Ezilwaneni, kukhona nemikhiqizo ekhethekile ngendlela yamaconsi, amakholomu, ama-aerosols.
Ngesikhathi sokuhamba futhi lapho ubuyela ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwabo bonke abahlanganyeli ukuze kutholakale imikhaza emzimbeni noma izinwele.
Le ndlela yaziwa njengesinyathelo esisebenzayo sokuvimbela i-encephalitis ethwala imikhaza emhlabeni wonke. Ukugoma kwenziwa ngezigaba ezi-3, okokugcina kufanele kwenziwe kungakapheli izinyanga ezi-2 ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yomsebenzi womkhaza.
Muva nje, amacala okuhlaselwa kwemikhaza ezindlini zasehlobo asevame kakhulu. Mayelana nalokhu, ukuqaliswa kokulawulwa kwezinambuzane kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuvimbela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele unciphise ingozi yemikhaza ezweni ngokwakho: ungachithi indawo ngemfucumfucu yezitshalo nezokwakha, gwema ukuvela kwezilwane ezilahlekile namagundane, ungalethi amagatsha, izinkuni ezifile, izimbali, njll. ihlathi.