Izixazululo ezifakazelwe, eziphilayo nezemvelo zokuqeda uqweqwe lwamazambane ekhaya nasengadini.
Isifo sofuba esivamile esitholakala noma kuphi lapho kutshalwa khona amazambane. Izimpawu zoqweqwe lwamazambane zihlanganisa ansundu ngokumnyama, amachashaza angama-pithy angase aphakanyiswe futhi “arty”. Lezi zilonda zingathinta kuphela ingxenye encane ye-tuber surface noma ziyivale ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi izingxenye ze-ribbed ziphukile izindandatho ezigxile.
Ungakwazi yini ukudla amazambane ane-crust?Singafaka imali! Amahlumela athintekile, nakuba engabonakali, angadliwa. Vele unciphise amabala esikhumba kanye/noma enyameni bese upheka njengenjwayelo. |
Uqweqwe lwamazambane lubangelwa ama-microorganisms afana namagciwane. Streptomyces utwayi, overwintering enhlabathini kanye namahlamvu awile. Isilwane singaphila ingunaphakade emhlabathini one-alkaline kancane, kodwa ayitholakali kalula enhlabathini ene-asidi kakhulu. Idluliselwa ezitshalweni ngokusebenzisa izilimo eziyizigaxa zembewu, umoya namanzi. Umzimba uphinde usakazwe ngobulongwe obusha ngoba ungasinda lapho udlula emgudwini wokugaya wezilwane. (Funda ukuthi ungatshala kanjani amazambane aphilayo lapha.)
S. utwayi lingena ngokusebenzisa izimbotshana (udali) ku neziqu, ngokusebenzisa amanxeba futhi ngqo ngokusebenzisa isikhumba nezilimo eziyizigaxa abasha. Ngaphezu kwamazambane, ezinye izitshalo nazo zinegciwane: beet, radishes, turnips, izaqathe, rutabaga kanye parsnips. Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kwakhiwa uhlelo lokuzungezisa izitshalo.
Qaphela: S. utwayi ingaqhubeka emhlabathini iminyaka eminingi engekho amazambane.
Лечение
Zonke lezi zinyathelo zokulawula ezilandelayo zibonakale zisebenza ngempumelelo ekulweni notwayi lwamazambane. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi kuyodingeka inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela.
- Tshala amazambane aqinisekisiwe, angenazo izifo kanye nezinhlobo ezimelana nezifo uma kungenzeka. Siphakamisa ukuthi kusetshenziswe izinhlobo ezinesikhumba esibomvu ngokubomvu njengoba zikwazi ukumelana nesifo.
- Zungezisa izitshalo zezimpande ngokuzitshala ezindaweni ezahlukene ukuze unciphise izifo.
- Ukhwekhwe lwamazambane luvame kakhulu enhlabathini eyomile, ene-alkaline. Yehlisa i-pH yenhlabathi ngokungeza i-elemental sulfur. Lesi sifo silawulwa noma sicindezelwe kakhulu emazingeni e-pH yenhlabathi engu-5.2 noma ngaphansi. Amakhithi okuhlola umhlabathi alula futhi athengekayo ayatholakala ukuze kuhlolwe njalo i-pH.
- Ukwelapha izitshalo zokumboza—isinaphi, i-canola, ne-alfalfa—ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane kuzosiza ekunciphiseni izifo.
- Abanye abalimi babika impumelelo ngokufaka i-gypsum yezolimo ngaphambi kokutshala ngenani lamaphawundi angama-25 ngamamitha-skwele ayi-2,000. Lokhu kuzokwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-calcium emhlabathini futhi kusize ekwakheni izindonga zamaseli aqinile ezitshalweni. (Qaphela: S. utwayi kuphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezindonga zamaseli, okuholela ekulimaleni.)
- Ukunisela okwanele ekuqaleni kwe-tuber kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlaselweni kotwayi, kodwa uzodinga ukugcina inhlabathi imanzi amasonto angu-2-6. Le ndlela iyasebenza ngoba umswakama ophezulu wenhlabathi ukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagciwane, angasusa indawo S. utwayi ebusweni bamazambane.
- Do CHA ngaphezu kwamanzi.
Ithiphu: Uma uzotshala emhlabathini lapho izilimo eziyizigaxa bezingakatshalwa khona noma lapho kwaziwa ukuthi indawo ayinalo, phatha imbewu yamazambane ngesibulali sikhunta esibabule ukuze unciphise ukusabalala kotwayi.
Ngaphambilini