Sithole 21 amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngenkonjane
I-Hirundo rustica
Ingenye yezinyoni ezizalanisa kakhulu ePoland, evame kakhulu kunenkonjane. Ngokungafani nezinkonjane ezihlala ezindlini, izikhova zakha izidleke ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo futhi zizivikele ngonya kubahlaseli. Imvamisa bakhetha izakhiwo ezingaphandle kanye namashede, yingakho igama labo lesiNgisi - i-barn swallow.
1
Inkonjane yesibaya yinyoni emndenini wenkonjane.
Lo mndeni uhlanganisa cishe izinhlobo ezingama-90 zezinyoni ezivela ezizukulwaneni eziyi-19. Kunezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili ze-swallows, ngayinye ehlala ezifundeni ezihlukene zomhlaba.
2
Ihlala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica.
Izindawo zokuzalanisa ama-barn swallows zitholakala enyakatho nenkabazwe, kanti izindawo zasebusika zizungeze inkabazwe naseningizimu nenkabazwe. E-Australia, kubanda kuphela ezindaweni ezisogwini olusenyakatho yezwekazi.
3
Bahlala ngokuzithandela ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo, ikakhulukazi ezolimo, lapho kuhlala khona izinambuzane eziningi, eziwukudla kwazo.
Zithanda izindawo eziyisicaba, nakuba zingatholakala nasezintabeni, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1000 ngaphezu kolwandle. amasimu, okungcono kube nechibi eliseduze.
4
Yinyoni encane, ezacile enobude obuyi-17 kuya ku-19 cm.
I-wingspan isuka ku-32 kuya ku-34.5 cm, isisindo sisuka ku-16 kuya ku-22 g. Abesifazane nabesilisa bafana kakhulu, bangahlukaniswa yiqiniso lokuthi ama-rectangles abesifazane abafushane kancane.
Ngakho, izinkonjane ezingotsheni zikhulu kakhulu kunezinkonjane ezikanye nazo.
5
Umbala womzimba ongenhla uyinsimbi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nesisu esimhlophe. Inhloko inesiphongo esigqwalile kanye nomphimbo, ehlukaniswa nesisu ngomugqa wensimbi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Uqhwaku nemilenze yalezi zinyoni imnyama futhi ibonakala ngonxande abade abahleleke ngendlela engu-U eyisici.
6
Ukudla kwenkonjane kuhlanganisa izinambuzane, ezizibamba ngobuchule ngesikhathi zindiza.
Isisekelo sokudla kwayo siqukethe i-hymenoptera, amabhungane nezimpukane. Ngokuvamile, lapho zifuna ukudla, ziya ezindaweni ezimanzi nasemanzini amaningi, lapho inani lalezi zinambuzane likhulu khona.
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi…
7
Abesilisa bacula kaningi kunabesifazane.
Lokhu bakwenza ukuze bavikele insimu yabo noma bafune umngane womshado phakathi kuka-April no-August. Ukucula kwezinsikazi kufushane futhi kwenzeka kuphela ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sokuzala.
8
Lezi izinyoni ezifudukayo, ngesikhathi sokuzalanisa zindiza enyakatho, ezithatha ibanga elingafika kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi.
Ukubuyiselwa kwemali kuqala ekuqaleni kukaMashi futhi kwesinye isikhathi kungaphela kabi. Uma zibuyela lapho zizalela khona ebusika, zingase zife ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinambuzane ezidla kuzo.
9
Isikhathi sokuzala salezi nkonjane siqala ngoMeyi futhi siqhubeke kuze kube nguJulayi.
Zikhetha izakhiwo njengezindawo zokuzalela, kodwa, ngokungafani nezinkonjane, zakha izidleke ngaphakathi. Ngokuvamile zikhiqiza ama-broods amabili ngonyaka.
10
Izidleke zakhiwe ngobumba nobumba, zixutshwe futhi zendlalwe.
Njengama-marina asekhaya, bawakha ngaphansi kwendawo eyisicaba, njengophahla noma ama-eves. Isidleke sakhiwe nganoma iyiphi impahla ethambile etholakalayo, njengotshani, izinwele, izimpaphe noma uvolo. Njengezinkonjane zendlu, zingakha izidleke emakoloni.
11
Ngokungafani nenkonjane, indawo yokungena esidlekeni senkonjane inembobo enkulu.
Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi izivakashi ezingamenyiwe zikwazi ukufinyelela esidlekeni, yingakho izinkonjane kuwukuphela kwezinhlobo zenkonjane yaseYurophu eseyizisulu ze-cuckoo parasitism.
12
Zikhwelana ukuphila kwazo zonke futhi, uma sezibhanqiwe, ziqala ukwakha isidleke.
Nokho, lokhu akuwavimbeli ekuzalelaneni nabanye abantu bezinhlobo zabo. Ngakho-ke, bangabhekwa njengabagamgam benhlalo kanye nabanesithembu sokuzala.
13
Izinkonjane zamaduna zinezindawo eziningi futhi zivikela isidleke ngodlame. Bawuvikela ngamandla ngisho emakatini, abawasondeza kude nje bezama ukuwaxosha.
Amankonjane angamaduna aseYurophu azibekela kuphela ukuzivikela ezidlekeni, kuyilapho abantu baseNyakatho Melika bechitha esinye isikhathi esingu-25% befukamela amaqanda.
14
Ku-clutch, insikazi ingabekela amaqanda amabili kuya kwayisikhombisa.
Amaqanda enkonjane amhlophe namachashaza agqwalile, alinganiselwa ku-20 x 14 mm futhi anesisindo esingaba ngu-2 g. ngesonto.
15
Kwenzeka ukuthi izilwane ezincane ezivela ku-brood yokuqala zisiza abazali bazo ukondla abafowabo nodadewabo kusukela ku-brood yesibili.
16
Isilinganiso sokuphila kwe-swallows asidluli iminyaka emihlanu.
Kodwa-ke, kwakukhona abantu abaphila iminyaka eyishumi nanye, noma ngisho neminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu.
17
Kuyenzeka amankonjane ahlangane nezinkonjane.
Phakathi kwawo wonke ama-passerines, lesi esinye seziphambano ezivame kakhulu ze-interspecific. ENyakatho Melika naseCaribbean zazalanisa nezinkonjane zasemhumeni nezinkonjane ezinentamo ebomvu.
18
Isikhathi esiningi ziba yizisulu zezinyoni ezidla inyama, kodwa ukundiza kwazo okunesiphithiphithi kuvame ukusindisa izimpilo zazo.
E-India nase-Peninsula yase-Indochina, azingelwa ngempumelelo amalulwane anamaphiko amakhulu.
19
Isibalo sabantu benkonjane emhlabeni wonke silinganiselwa phakathi kwezigidi ezingama-290 nezingama-487.
Inani lenkonjane ePoland lilinganiselwa ukuthi liphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-3,5 nezingu-4,5 zezinyoni ezindala.
20
Emazweni ase-Afrika, lezi zinyoni zizingelwa izinjongo zokupheka.
Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokwehla kwezibalo zabo.
21
Akulona uhlobo olusengozini yokushabalala, kodwa livikelwe ngokuqinile ePoland.
I-International Union for Conservation of Nature ibala inkonjane njengohlobo Olungakhathazeki Kancane.
Amaqiniso anentshisekeloAmaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana namadada
OkulandelayoAmaqiniso anentshisekeloAmaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana ne-common house martha
