Izinja zomhlaba: izithombe zezinambuzane kanye nemvelo yazo engenangqondo
Izinja ezihlala phansi ziyizinambuzane eziyingozi ezihlala ezindaweni futhi zenza umonakalo omkhulu. Lezi zilwane zihlukaniswa ngobuqili obumangalisayo futhi zingadlula kalula izicupho. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo zokulawula lezi zinambuzane.
Okuqukethwe
Ibukeka kanjani inja yobumba (isithombe)
Izimpawu zokuvela kwezinja zobumba esizeni
Amagundane awomndeni wamagundane, kodwa ngaphandle abukeka njengamagundane. Bamba imigodi endaweni, kuyilapho bephonsa izinqwaba zomhlaba phezulu. Izinja zobumba zidla imbewu, amajikijolo, amagxolo ezihlahla ezincane nezihlahla, izitshalo zezimpande.
Lezi zinambuzane zidla kakhulu futhi zonga, zizobhubhisa ngokushesha amasheya amanye amagundane futhi zingadeleli abantu.
Sibukeka kanjani isilwane
Inja yomhlaba.
Inja yomhlabathi inejazi eliwugqinsi, elibushelelezi elimpunga, elinsundu noma elimnyama ngombala elinemigqa emhlophe noma empunga emhlane namabala ansundu amnyama emzimbeni wonke. Isisindo somuntu oyedwa sifinyelela ku-500 amagremu, ubude bomzimba buyi-25 cm, nomsila 6-13 cm.
Unekhanda eliyindilinga elinamehlo abanzi namadlebe amancane. Izidladla ezinamandla ezinezinzipho ezinamandla, ezidizayinelwe ukubhoboza. Izilwane zaqanjwa ngokuthi izinja, ngenxa yemisindo eyenziwayo, efana nokukhonkotha kwemidlwane.
Ukukhiqiza
Izilwane azilali bese zizalela unyaka wonke. Owesifazane oyedwa unezingane ezisukela ku-2 kuya kweziyi-15, inyanga ngemuva kokuzalwa ziqala ukuzimela, ezinyangeni ezimbili zilungele ukuzala. Umndeni wakhiwe ngeduna nezinsikazi ezi-3-4 ezinamawundlu.
Habitat
Umndeni wezinja zomhlaba.
Izinja zobumba zimba imigodi ekujuleni kuka-15-20 cm, zihlomisa amaphaseji, i-pantry, indawo yokulala kanye nesidleke sezingane ngaphansi komhlaba zomndeni wazo. Bangasebenzisa ukunyakaza kwemvukuzane ngezinjongo zabo.
Inja igcina ubusika enkwini, ehlanganisa izitshalo nembewu. Ehlobo, ihlala eduze nemithombo yamanzi. Futhi eduze nobusika, isondela eduze kwabantu, ingahlala ngisho eshede noma endaweni yokushisa. Inja yomhlabathi igijima ngokushesha, iyabhukuda, igibela ezihlahleni, igebe futhi igxume.
Abelusi emathafeni bahlangana nalezi zinambuzane futhi balwa kanzima. Izinkomo emadlelweni namahhashi zazivame ukuwela emigodini futhi zephule imilenze yazo.
Izilwane zihlala emigodini nasemihubheni. Banohlelo olucacile nokwakheka. Indawo yokuhlala inamakamelo amaningana ahlukene:
- amaphenti;
- izidleke;
- izindawo zokukhosela;
- izindlu zangasese.
Inja ngayinye inezibopho ezichazwe ngokucacile nezindima. Bahlakaniphile futhi basebenza kanzima.
Izindlela zokulwa
Ukuze ulwe nezinja zobumba, kusetshenziswa izicupho nezithiyo ezinobuthi, futhi abaxoshi be-ultrasonic nabo bayathandwa.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, cha, kodwa uma kwenzeka ukuvikelwa komndeni noma usongo empilweni, bangahlasela.
Abakuthandi ukuba nabo futhi banobuqili ngokwanele ukuba bahlale endlini enabantu abafana namagundane noma amagundane.
Ukonakala kwezitoko kuphela. Ebusika obulambile, basemashede nasezinsikeni, bangonakalisa noma bahlukanise imifino nokusanhlamvu.
Izindlela zemishini
Izicupho zingenziwa uwena noma zithengwe ezitolo. Zifakwe emaphethelweni okunyakaza futhi zihlolwe njalo. Kulula ukuzisebenzisa futhi ziyasebenza.
Indlela yokusebenzisa kahle ubuthi nama-bait
Izithiyo ezinobuthi zibekwe ezindaweni lapho kuvela khona izilwane noma emigodini yazo. Zisetshenziswa kalula futhi ngempumelelo, kodwa zikhona ama-nuances amaningi:
- izidumbu kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha;
- ukudla okunoshevu esizeni kungadliwa ezinye izilwane;
- ama-bait avela endaweni yenja angangeniswa emhubheni, ngenxa yokuthi ubuthi bungangena emhlabathini;
- amagundane anobuqili futhi lapho kuvela izidumbu zokuqala, azoyeka ukudla ukudla okunoshevu;
- umzimba wesilwane usheshe usetshenziswe futhi ngemva kwezizukulwane ezimbalwa izilwane ziyeka ukubona nokusabela ebuthi.
Abaxosha amagundane omhlaba
Idivayisi ifakiwe kusayithi, enerediyasi oyifunayo yokuchayeka okufanele. Inganikwa amandla ibhethri elishajekayo noma amabhethri adinga ukushintshwa noma ukushajwa kabusha ukuze kugcinwe idivayisi isebenza ngokuqhubekayo. Ama-repellers anezinhlobo ezimbili:
- i-ultrasonic, engasebenzi, ngoba izilwane zihlala ekujuleni komhlaba;
- i-vibratory, esakaza ukudlidliza komsindo emhlabathini.
Le ndlela inezinzuzo kanye nokubi okufanele kucatshangelwe lapho ukhetha.
Izinzuzo:
- yenza kalula;
- ephephile futhi enobuntu;
- ngokwezomnotho;
- ukuxosha ezinye izinambuzane.
Umthengi:
- izilwane zingathuthela komakhelwane, zibangele izinkinga;
- izinambuzane eziwusizo nazo zizobaleka;
- uma kwenzeka ukuwohloka noma ukuvalwa kwesikhashana, amagundane azobuya ngenjabulo.
Izilwane
Kunezilwane eziningi ezikwazi ukubamba izinja ezihlala phansi. Ngisho kukhona hhayi ukubamba ke okungenani ukushayela kubo, bephula indlela evamile yokuphila kwezilwane. Lokhu:
- amakati;
- izinja;
- ama-ferrets;
- ephulula.
isiphetho
Izinja zomhlaba amagundane alimaza izitshalo nezihlahla nezihlahlana ezimila endaweni. Ziningi kakhulu futhi ziyadlanga. Kubalulekile ukubhekana nazo kusenesikhathi ukuvimbela ukuzala kwazo. Izindlela zokulawula ziyatholakala futhi ziyasebenza, nakuba zizodinga umzamo nokubekezela.
