Isibungu seLeafworm: Izinhlobo eziyi-13 zezinambuzane nezindlela zokusinqoba
Wonke umhlali wasehlobo noma umlimi okungenani kanye wayehlangana namahlamvu agingqiwe abe yishubhu ezihlahleni zezithelo noma ezihlahleni, okucasha kuzo izibungu ezincane. Ukubonakala kwamaqabunga anjalo kubonisa ukuthi esinye sezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu, i-leafworm, sivele kusayithi.
Okuqukethwe
Ama-Roller amaqabunga: isithombe sovemvane nesibungu
Igama: ama-roller amaqabunga
Isi-Latin:I-Tortricidae noma OlethreutidaeIbanga: Izinambuzane - insecta
Isigcawu: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera Umndeni: Amarola amaqabunga - I-Tortricidae
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | yonke indawo |
 | Izici: | amacimbi adla cishe kuzo zonke izingxenye zezitshalo |
 | Inzuzo noma ukulimala: | izinambuzane zezihlahla zezithelo kanye nama-conifers |
Incazelo yalesi sinambuzane
Ipheshana elikhulayo.
I-Leafworms umndeni wezimvemvane ezincane. Ubude bamaphiko ezinambuzane abudluli ku-2,5 cm ubude bomzimba webhu bulinganiselwa ku-2 cm, futhi yonke indawo yayo imbozwe izinwele eziningi.
Umbala amaphiko angahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi i-subspecies futhi abe nemibala yominqumo kanye ne-gray-brown. Phezulu kombala oyinhloko emaphikweni, kungase kube namabala agqamile nemivimbo yemibala ehlukahlukene. Umbala wamaphiko amabili angaphambili uhlala unomthunzi omnyama kunowangemuva.
Ifomu amaphiko ovemvane ngokuvamile anonxantathu noma ama-trapezoidal. Lapho esongwa, amaphiko e-leafworms awahlelwa ngokuqondile, njengezimvemvane eziningi, kodwa ngokuvundlile.
Ngendlela yokuphila, i-leafworm ingeyezinambuzane zasebusuku. Emini, inundu ithola indawo yokukhosela futhi ihlale lapho kuze kube mnyama.
Umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kwe-Butterfly
Njengalo lonke uhlelo lwe-Lepidoptera, isikelemu sidlula ezigabeni ezimbalwa endleleni eya ekuvuthweni okugcwele.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamapheshana
Umndeni wala mabhu unezinhlobo ezahlukene ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-10 ezingatholakala cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba. Ensimini yaseRussia, izinhlobo ezingu-13 ezivame kakhulu ziyingozi enkulu ezitshalweni.
Isici esihlukile sezimvemvane zalolu hlobo umbala ophuzi-omhlophe emaphikweni angaphambili. Balimaza izitshalo ezifana nepentshisi, i-apula, i-pear, iplamu, i-cherry, ibhilikosi, i-cherry kanye nokusajingijolo.
Emaphikweni angaphambili ovemvane kukhona imivimbo yokukhanya eyisici, kanye namachashaza aphuzi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-vine leafworm ivame ukuthelela amagilebhisi, kodwa ingalimaza ama-apula, amapheya, ama-plums, namapentshisi.
Amaphiko enundu apendwe ngokumpunga okumnyama okunombala onsundu futhi anephethini elibonakalayo lemigqa emincane emhlophe. Ipentshisi, i-quince, ipheya, iplamu, ibhilikosi, i-medlar, i-cotoneaster kanye nesihlahla sama-apula ziba yizisulu ze-leafworm yasempumalanga.
Umbala wamaphiko angaphambili esinambuzane unompunga-nsundu noma onsundu ngokumnyama, kuye ngobulili. Ebusweni bamaphiko kunombala ophuzi noma obomvu. Ngaphezu kwezihlahla zezithelo ezingadini, lolu hlobo lwe-leafworm lulimaza i-cherry yezinyoni, umlotha wezintaba, i-hawthorn, i-cotoneaster, i-hazel nezinye izihlahla eziphukayo.
Amaphiko ovemvane apendwe ngokumpunga-nsundu ngaphandle kwephethini elishiwo. Inkathazo idala umonakalo omkhulu esitshalweni, kulimaze izithelo zepentshisi, iplamu, ipheya, i-apula kanye nebhilikosi.
Umbala oyinhloko wamaphiko enundu umpunga obumnyama. Ngaphezulu kwayo, iphethini ephinyisiwe isetshenziswa ngendlela yemigqa ye-wavy transverse, yomthunzi okhanyayo. Izibungu zezinambuzane zilimaza izithelo zezihlahla zamapentshisi, ithini lamapheya nama-apula.
Umbala wamaphiko ebhu uluhlaza ngokukhanyayo noma ophuzi-luhlaza. Izibungu zidla amahlamvu e-birch, i-maple, i-oki, i-hornbeam, i-beech, kanye ne-apula, i-pear, i-peach ne-apricot.
Amaphiko angaphambili ovemvane anombala onsundu, anombala onsomi. Lesi sinambuzane silimaza ama-plums, amabhilikosi, ama-cherry plums, amapentshisi, izihlahla zama-apula, amapheya, ama-cherry, ama-roses asendle nama-hawthorns.
Isici esihlukile sebhu ukukhanya, umbala ompunga oluhlaza wekhona elingaphandle lamaphiko angaphambili. Izibungu ze-fruit leafworm zidala ukulimala kweplamu, ibhilikosi, i-apula, ipheya, iplamu yecherry, umlotha wentaba, i-cherry kanye ne-hawthorn.
Umbala wamaphiko ebhu uhlukaniswa ngombala ophuzi ophuzi noma osagolide, onombala ohlaza kancane. Izibungu zalolu hlobo zibangela umonakalo omkhulu kumagilebhisi, kodwa futhi zidla amahlamvu ama-plums, amapheya, ama-cherries, amajikijolo amnyama, ama-strawberries nezinye izitshalo eziningi.
Amaphiko amabili angaphambili alolu hlobo anombala ophuzi-nsundu noma osawolintshi-ophuzi. Amacimbi alimaza amaqabunga ama-currants, ama-raspberries, izihlahla ze-apula, amapentshisi nezinye izitshalo.
Umbala wamaphiko unombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo noma ophuzi o-ocher, onephethini enombala onsundu ngokubomvu. Lesi sinambuzane silimaza izihlahla zama-apula, amapheya, ama-raspberries, ama-currants, ama-cherry, ama-plums nama-roses.
Umbala wamaphiko angaphambili kwabesilisa nabesifazane uhluke kakhulu. Amaphiko amaduna apendwe ngokumpunga-nsundu ngaphandle kwephethini, kanti amaphiko ezinsikazi anombala ompunga okhanyayo, acwebile, ahlotshiswe ngamachashazi amaningana ansundu. Ukudla kwezibungu zalesi sibungu samaqabunga kwakhiwa izihlahla zama-apula, amapheya, ama-gooseberries, ama-currants nama-raspberries.
Imuphi umonakalo odalwa amapheshana
Umonakalo omkhulu ezivandeni nasezisimini ubangelwa izibungu ze-leafworm. Badla izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zezihlahla zezithelo kanye nezihlahla zamajikijolo, ngaleyo ndlela kuholela ekungafaneli kwesivuno kanye nokuba buthakathaka kokuzivikela kwesitshalo. Ngesikhathi sokudla, amacimbi ayakwazi ukubhubhisa:
- amaqabunga;
- isithelo;
- izinso
- ama-inflorescences.
Amapheshana - isizathu esiyinhloko sokubukeka ubulembu esihlahleni sama-apula.
Izindlela zokulawula izikelemu
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokubhekana nama-leafworms, njengamanye ama-butterflies ayingozi, zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo eziningana: mechanical, biological, chemical and folk.
Izindlela zemishini
Phakathi kwezindlela zemishini zokubhekana nezikelemu kukhona lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- ukuqoqa amacimbi emahlathini nasezihlahleni ngesandla;
Ibhande lokucupha.
- ukunyakazisa izinambuzane emagatsheni;
- ukufakwa kwamabhande okuzingela kanye nezicupho ezikhethekile ezihlahleni.
izindlela zebhayoloji
Izindlela zebhayoloji zokubhekana nezibungu ze-leafworm ukuheha izitha zemvelo zesinambuzane endaweni. Lokhu kubandakanya:
- izibungu ze-lace;
- amabhungane abulalayo;
- izinyoni ezihlukahlukene.
Amakhemikhali
Ukucekelwa phansi kwezinambuzane ngosizo lwamakhemikhali kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu. Ukwelashwa ngama-insecticide akufanele kwenziwe kuphela esitshalweni esinegciwane, kodwa futhi nakuyo yonke ingadi noma i-cottage yasehlobo. Lokhu kungenxa yekhono lezibungu kanye neziphungumangathi ze-leafworm ezihamba amabanga amade.
Phakathi kohlu lwamakhemikhali, ekulweni ne-leafworm, baye bazibonakalisa ngendlela engcono kakhulu:
- I-Alatar;
- I-Fufanon;
- I-Karbofos;
- Dursban;
- I-athomu;
- Ukufika.
Izindlela zokupheka zabantu
Kulabo abangafuni ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali esizeni sabo, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zabantu ezisebenzayo zokubhekana nezikelemu zamaqabunga.
| Ukumnika umhlonyane | Ifanele kokubili amakhambi amasha nawomile. Uma usebenzisa umhlonyane omusha, uzodinga ibhakede elingu-½ lamakhambi aqoshwe kahle. Endabeni yomhlonyane omisiwe, kufanele kusetshenziswe amagremu angu-700-800. Okokuqala, umhlonyane uthululelwa kumalitha angu-10 amanzi futhi uvunyelwe ukuba uthele amahora angu-48. I-tincture ephumela kufanele ibiliswe imizuzu engama-30 phezu kokushisa okuphansi. Ngemuva kokupholisa, cindezela bese wengeza amanzi ngevolumu enjalo ukuze uthole amalitha ayi-10 omhluzi ophelile. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, umkhiqizo uphinde uhlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1: 1. |
| I-tincture kagwayi | Ukupheka, udinga i-shag noma uthuli lukagwayi ngenani lika-0,5 kg. Ugwayi uthululwa ngebhakede lamanzi ashisayo futhi ufakwe amahora angaba ngu-48. Lapho i-tincture isilungile, kuyadingeka ukuyicindezela nge-gauze bese ucindezela ikhekhe kahle. Elinye ibhakede lamanzi kanye ne-100 g yensipho egayiwe noma ewuketshezi yengezwa ku-tincture kagwayi. |
| Amazambane tincture | Ukuze uthole i-tincture, udinga u-4 kg weziqongo eziluhlaza noma u-2 kg owomile. Uma iziqongo zisha, kufanele ziqoshwe kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Iziqongo ezilungiselelwe kufanele zigcwaliswe ngebhakede lamanzi afudumele futhi zishiywe amahora angama-3-4. I-tincture ephumayo kufanele ihlungwe futhi yengeze u-40 g wensipho. |
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Izindlela ezifanele zokulima kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela ezivamile zibaluleke kakhulu ukuze izitshalo ezingadini zingabi yisisulu sezikelemu. Izenzo ezilandelayo zizosiza ukugcina impilo nokuvikeleka okuqinile kwezihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla zamaberry:
- ukuchelela ngesikhathi, ukusika, ukuthena kanye nokuphakela izitshalo;
- ukuthukulula njalo kwenhlabathi eduze kwesiyingi se-trunk;
- ukuhlanzwa kwansuku zonke kwamaqabunga awile nezithelo;
- ukuhlanzwa konyaka kanye nokumhlophe kwamagxolo esiqwini nasemagatsheni amathambo;
- Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela nge-copper sulphate noma i-Bordeaux liquid.
isiphetho
I-leafworm iyinundu eliyingozi kakhulu elingalimaza izithelo nempilo yesitshalo. Ukuqeda inani elikhulu lezinambuzane kungaba nzima impela, ngakho-ke kufanele uvikele njalo futhi uqale ukulawula izinambuzane ngesikhathi.
Ngaphambilini