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Ibukeka kanjani i-water strider (bug): isinambuzane esimangalisayo esigijima emanzini

Umbhali walesi sihloko
Ukubukwa kwe-277
8 imiz. ukufunda

I-water strider ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane. Igama layo lichazwa ngamakhono nezici zayo eziyingqayizivele. Lezi zinambuzane zinesakhiwo sazo kanye nomjikelezo wempilo.

I-Water strider beetle: incazelo nezici

Enye yezinambuzane ezithakazelisa kakhulu phakathi kwabameleli bayo. Ama-water strider ayizinhlobo ezincane zomndeni wezimbungulu. Izinambuzane azilokothi zihlasele umuntu kuqala, zingahlasela kuphela uma kukhona usongo ekuphepheni kwakhe.
Uyakwazi ukuhamba phezu kwamanzi. Lokhu ukuhluka kwayo okuyinhloko. Ngenxa yalesi sici, ama-water strider anesakhiwo sawo esithile. Ukubukeka kwabo kuhlukile ezihlotsheni zabo. I-water strider inendlela yayo yokuphila, isakhiwo senhlalo. Ukukhiqiza akuhlukani kakhulu, ngemininingwane emincane.
Umjikelezo wokuthuthuka kanye neminyaka yokuphila nakho akuhlukile kakhulu kwezinye izinambuzane. Lesi sinambuzane singenye yezinto ezingavamile kakhulu, okumele zicatshangelwe eduze ukuze ziqonde ukuthi zinakho konke, ukuthi azishoni emanzini, kodwa zihlale phezu kwayo.

Внешний вид

Ngenxa yezidladla zazo, lezi zinambuzane ziyakwazi ukuntanta emanzini futhi zingaminzi. Izinwele eziqinile, lapho izimbungulu zimbozwe umzimba wonke, zibasiza ukuthi bahlale emanzini. Lezi zinwele azinamanzi, ngenxa yokuthi azikwazi nje ukuhlala phezu kwamanzi, kodwa futhi zihamba ngokushesha kuwo.
I-water strider inamapheya amathathu ezidladla ku-arsenal yayo. Ngamunye wabo wenza imisebenzi yakhe ethile. Iphakathi nangemuva inesibopho sokusekela, kanye nesivinini sokunyakaza. Abangaphambili bayadingeka ukuze kubanjwe inyamazane ukuze ingakwazi ukuphunyuka, futhi futhi ukuze ulawule indlela yokuhamba. Basebenzisa zonke izitho zomzimba ukwenza i-flip.
Ubukhulu besinambuzane bungahluka kuye ngohlobo. Ezinkulu noma zamachibi zingafinyelela ubukhulu obungamamilimitha angu-18, ezizibeni zifinyelele kumamilimitha angu-14, kanti ezincane ezivamile zingaba amamilimitha angu-10. Kunezinhlobo ezingafinyelela kumamilimitha angama-20, kanti ezinye azifinyeleli ku-1 mm. Lapho kuphakama noma isiphi isithiyo, izinambuzane ziqala ukugxuma. Ukweqa kungaba phezulu kakhulu.
Kunamathunzi amaningi ama-water strider. Ungakwazi ukuwahlukanisa ngobubanzi. Aqala ngombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo agcine ngombala onsundu ngokumnyama. Ziyakwazi ukubona kahle kakhulu, okuzenza zikwazi ukubona phakathi nenkathi yokuhwalala. Amaduna nawo anezimpondo ezithuthuke kakhudlwana, ngenxa yalokho ayakwazi ukubona insikazi uma izalela. Izinambuzane ziyakwazi ukuphefumula umoya ojwayelekile. Ngenxa yalesi simiso, awadingi ukucwila emanzini. Bangakwazi ukunakekela ukuphila phezu kwamanzi.

Idlani i-water strider

Lezi zinhlobo zidla izinambuzane ezincane ezihlukahlukene. Ngosizo lokuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu, zibamba izimpukane ezincane. Ngenxa yezidladla zazo zangaphambili, ziyakwazi ukubamba ngisho nokuminyanisa inyamazane yazo. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kudla, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane phakathi kwama-congeners zingadla ulwelwe nezitshalo. Ziphinde zicekele phansi izimpukane ezincane ezilimaza indawo yasolwandle.

Izimbungulu ze-Water strider ziyizilwane ezizingelayo.

Indlela yokuphila kanye nesakhiwo senhlalo

Njengoba sekuvele kwenzeka, indlela eyinhloko yokuphila kwabahamba emanzini ingaphezulu kwamanzi noma eduze nemithombo yamanzi. Lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, izinambuzane zishiya amachibi futhi ziqale ukucasha. Izinga lokushisa elivamile lezinambuzane lingaba kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-50 degrees. Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezinjalo, izinambuzane zingaphila futhi zizalane ngokuthula.
Lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo, izinambuzane ziqala ukufuna indawo eseceleni nefudumele zokulala. Zilala ezindaweni ezisogwini, nasezitshalweni ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile zingatholakala eduze kwe-moss noma ngaphakathi, kanye nasezimpandeni zezihlahla.
Indlela yokuphila igxile ezicini zayo zokusebenza. Kweminye imininingwane emincane, ingase ihluke kancane. Ngenxa yokuthi izinambuzane zihlala eduze nemithombo yamanzi, azibi nobunzima ekutholeni ukudla. Kuphinde kube nzima kakhulu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye ukubamba abantu abanjalo, ngenxa yesivinini esikhulu sokunyakaza kwama-water strider.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-water striders

Ukukhiqiza kunemininingwane yayo emincane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo.

  1. Insikazi izalela amaqanda ayo phezu kwamaqabunga aphezu kwamanzi noma eduze nemithombo yamanzi. Uma i-clutch incane, khona-ke izinambuzane zisebenzisa i-mucus ekhethekile egcina amaqanda phezulu. Nge-clutch enkulu, ukuba khona kwe-mucus akudingekile, njengoba kukhona amaqanda anele okubamba.
  2. Amaqanda amaqanda abukeka njengentambo evamile ende nemhlophe.
  3. Izinambuzane zesilisa zihlukile ngokukhethekile. Bane "instinct yobaba". Ngenxa yalokhu, amaduna avikela insikazi namawundlu aze azalwe. Okusho ukuthi, babamba iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwayo yonke imicimbi. Bayovikela inzalo ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye nezinye izinkinga.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezimbungulu ze-water strider.

Umjikelezo wokuthuthuka nesikhathi sokuphila

Ama-water strider awahlukani kunoma yiziphi izici ezinambuzaneni eziningi. Ikhithi yokuzalanisa ejwayelekile, ehlanganisa: iqanda, isibungu, okuvela kuso, ngemva kwesikhashana, kuzalwa umuntu omdala. Esinye isici singabizwa ngokuthi ukungabi khona kwe-pupa, njengakwezinye izinambuzane.

Izibungu
Isigaba sezibungu sithatha cishe amasonto ambalwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, isibungu sithola inani elifanele lokudla okunomsoco futhi sithola amandla. Isibungu sivela eqandeni esikhathini esingangesonto ngemva kokuzalwa. Umjikelezo wokuthuthuka ungomunye wemide kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinambuzane. Kodwa futhi banesikhathi eside sokuphila.
Abantu abadala
Umuntu omdala uzalwa cishe ngemva kwenyanga ezalele. Kuthatha isonto ukuthi izibungu zivele. Amanye amasonto amabili noma amathathu ayadingeka ukuze kubonakale umuntu omdala. Ukuhlukanisa izinambuzane ezincane kubantu abadala kakade, ungasebenzisa usayizi wazo. Iwundlu liwuhhafu wesayizi wemdala. Futhi esiswini sezingane kukhona ukuvuvukala okuncane, okunyamalala ngokukhula. 

Kungani ama-water strider angaminzi?

Izinqola zamanzi aziminzi ngenxa yesakhiwo somzimba esiyingqayizivele. Imilenze yabo mide kakhulu kunomzimba. Izitho ezimaphakathi nezangemuva zinomthwalo wendima ye-locomotion. Ezingaphambili zinobukhulu obuyingxenye, zinomsebenzi ohlukene.

Ezidlalweni naphezu kwawo wonke umzimba we-strider yamanzi kunezinwele ezinzima ezingahlehlisa amanzi.

Ngenxa yalesi sici, izinambuzane azikwazi ukuhlala emanzini kuphela, kodwa futhi zihamba ngokushesha kakhulu kuwo. Azikho izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezinesici esinjalo. Uma uwabuka, uyamangala emhlabeni ukuthi ungaba muhle futhi uhluke kangakanani.

Indawo yokuhlala kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwama-strider amanzi

Ngokuvamile, lezi zinambuzane zingatholakala ngobuningi endaweni ethule, i-Atlantic и IsiNdiya ulwandle. Atholakala osebeni lwemifula noma eduze namadamu amancane. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ukwazi ukucasha ngokushesha ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.

Izinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile zingahlala phezu kwamanzi, lapho zizalana khona futhi zenze eminye imisebenzi ebalulekile yokuphila. Abahamba emanzini bakhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezifudumele, kodwa uma isimo sidinga, bangaphila ngisho nasezindaweni ezibanda kakhulu emhlabeni, lapho isimo sezulu singashintsha sibe ngcono kubo.

Ungahlangana nabo ngisho nasezindlini ezincane ezivamile noma emachibini amancane. Bahlala cishe kuyo yonke iplanethi, lapho okungenani kunesimo sezulu esifudumele.

Izimbungulu ze-Water strider: izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamamitha amanzi. Ayahluka ngowabo. indlela yokuphila kanye nesakhiwo.

Okukhulu
Itholakala olwandle olukhulu nasemachibini amakhulu. Bakhetha ukuhlala endaweni ehlala emanzini. Bakhulu uma beqhathaniswa nezihlobo zabo. Ubukhulu bungaba ngamamilimitha angu-20.
ehlomile
Ibizwa ngenxa yezici zayo zesakhiwo sesisu. Kukhona isivikelo esincane kuso, esingavumeli ukuluma esikhumbeni salesi sidalwa.
Velia
Isayizi ephakathi futhi itholakala emachibini angewona amakhulu kakhulu. Ingahlala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esihle. Izici ezihlukile zitholakala esakhiweni sazo, kanye nezinye izici zempilo.
okumise okwenduku
Lolu hlobo yilona oluvame kakhulu emhlabeni. Angatholakala cishe kuwo wonke amanzi angashoni, ngisho nasemachibini avamile. Lolu hlobo lwathola igama ngenxa yesakhiwo somzimba, esifana nenduku evamile.

Ingabe izinambuzane zasemanzini ziyingozi kubantu?

Izilwane ezihamba emanzini azizona izidalwa ezinolaka. Ziphephile kubantu. Bangakwazi ukuluma kuphela esimweni esibi kakhulu, lapho bengenandawo yokubalekela futhi besengozini enkulu. Aziphathi izifo eziyingozi. Ngakho-ke, noma iluma, akukho okubi okuzokwenzeka.

Ingabe ngidinga ukubhekana nama-water striders

Umuntu akakaze alwe nabahamba emanzini. Ngokuvamile, bahlala emanzini ngokulinganayo, futhi uma kunengozi, bazosuka ngokushesha endaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zilwane zibhekwa njengezihlelekile zamadamu. Zibhubhisa izimpukane nezinye izinambuzane ezincane endaweni ebonakalayo.

Uke wayibona i-water strider?
Yebo, echibini Bekungafanele

Izitha zemvelo zama-water striders

Isitha esikhulu yizimbuzane zamanzi. Ibekela amaqanda emzimbeni we-water strider. Nabo, ngendlela yezibungu, bayakwazi ukuluma esikhumbeni futhi baphuze inani elikhulu legazi. Futhi, inani lezilwane ezidla ezinye lihlanganisa nezinye izakhamuzi zendawo yasemanzini. Kungaba ixoxo elivamile noma ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi.

ama-water strider parasites

Njengoba sekushiwo, i-parasite yalezi zidalwa isibungu semite yamanzi. Zihlala emanzini futhi ziyakwazi ukuzala okukhulu. Ukuze ziqale umjikelezo, zidinga umzimba womninikhaya, azodla kuwo aze abulawe noma akhule.

I-water mite iyisitha esikhulu sama-water striders.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezilwane

Ezinye izinhlobo zivikelekile. Ngokuyisisekelo, inani lezinhlobonhlobo lingadlula abantu abangama-700. Banikezwa isimo sokuvikela endaweni yemvelo. Lesi simo sinezibopho eziphansi. Isibalo esiphezulu salezi zinhlobo sinesidingo esihle sokusebenza.

Izinyathelo zamanzi ziphila kahle endaweni yemvelo.

Ukuphila kwabo cishe unyaka owodwa. Ngenxa yejubane lazo, kanye nobuciko obukhulu nokunemba, lezi zinhlobo zingaphila impilo yazo yonke emfushane. Umuntu akayiboni inzuzo yokuqothula lezi zidalwa, ngoba ziletha inani elikhulu lezinzuzo kanye nokulimala okuncane okungenzeka.

Ama-water strider ayizinambuzane ezingajwayelekile ezikwazi ukuhamba emanzini. I-Pond strider (i-Gerris lacustris).

Ukuphepha kwe-waterstrider

Nakuba ziyizinhlobo ezingabekwa endaweni yokongiwa kwemvelo, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zisengozini yokushabalala.

 

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo empilweni yama-water strider

Ama-water strider ayizinambuzane eziyingqayizivele. Banamaqiniso amaningi ahlukene ngempilo yabo nangezinye izinto. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nama-water strider:

  1. Izinambuzane zibonakala ngoguquko olungaphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi phakathi nomjikelezo wokuphila, isibungu asihlukani kakhulu nomuntu omdala.
  2. Ezinye izinhlobo zinamaphiko. Izinhlobo ezivamile zasemanzini azinazo. Ngemva kwezinhlobo ezindizayo overwinter, abakwazi ukundiza ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yabo iyancipha.
  3. Izinambuzane zivikelekile emanzini olwandle nasemisebeni ye-ultraviolet. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uwabone emanzini ahlanzekile amakhilomitha amaningana.
  4. Izinhlobo ezihlala emanzini zizalela amaqanda azo lapho ezintweni ezintantayo.
  5. Ubuningi bensikazi eyodwa bukwazi ukubekela amaqanda ayi-7. Lokhu kuphambene nerekhodi phakathi kwabanye abameleli.
  6. Emzimbeni walezi zinambuzane kungase kube nemikhaza emincane edla igazi lazo.
  7. Izilwane ezihamba emanzini ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye ezingahlasela abantu abanamandla.
  8. Izitho zezinambuzane zinamandla, ziyakwazi ukumelana nesisindo esiphindwe izikhathi ezingu-15.
  9. Uma wesabisa isinambuzane, cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi siya enyakatho.
  10. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, owesifazane uba buthakathaka kakhulu. Kudingeka amandla amaningi ukukhiqiza kabusha.
  11. Abaduli bamanzi besilisa "banomzwelo wemvelo wobaba". Zikhulisa amazinyane futhi zivikele ezinsikazi zize zikwazi ukuphila ngokuzimela.
  12. Lezi zimbungulu zithanda ukuhlala endaweni efudumele, kodwa uma zibanda, zingajwayela futhi ziphile.
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