Ubani i-hornet evamile: ukujwayela umnyovu omkhulu onemigqa
Olunye lwezinhlobo zomnyovu ezithakazelisa kakhulu i-hornet. Lolu uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu kulo mndeni. Igama lesibili lezinambuzane yi-pirates enamaphiko.
Okuqukethwe
I-hornet evamile: isithombe
Incazelo ye-hornet
Igama: I-Hornet
Isi-Latin: VespaIbanga: Izinambuzane - Insecta
Isigcawu: Hymenoptera - Hymenoptera
Umndeni: Iminyovu yangempela - Vespidae
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | yonke indawo |
 | Izici: | usayizi omkhulu, ukuluma |
 | Inzuzo noma ukulimala: | ilwa nezinambuzane, idla izithelo, ibhubhisa izinyosi |
I-hornet iyinyovu enkulu kunazo zonke ehlala eYurophu. Ubukhulu bomuntu osebenzayo busuka ku-18 kuya ku-24 mm, ubukhulu besibeletho busuka ku-25 kuya ku-35 mm. Ngokubukeka, abantu besifazane nabesilisa bafana kakhulu. Nakuba kukhona umehluko.
I-Hornet.
Eyeduna inezingxenye ezingu-13 emadevuni nezingu-7 esiswini. Eyesifazane ina-12 emadevuni nayisi-6 esiswini. Amaphiko asobala futhi mancane. Atholakala ngemuva ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Amehlo anombala osawolintshi ngokubomvu anomsinsi othi "C" ojulile. Kunezinwele eziwugqinsi emzimbeni.
Izilwane ezidla ezinye zihlaba futhi zidabule inyamazane yazo ngemihlathi. Okuqukethwe ubuthi kukhulu izikhathi ezi-2 kunomnyovu ojwayelekile. Ukulunywa kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lezi zinambuzane zingatholakala ihlathi eliminyene.
Habitat
Kunezinhlobo ezingama-23 zezinambuzane. Ekuqaleni, i-East Asia kuphela eyayiyindawo yokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yabantu, baze banqoba iNyakatho Melika neCanada, naphezu kokuthi bayizakhamuzi ezivamile ze-subtropics.
I-hornet evamile ihlala eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, eKazakhstan, e-Ukraine. E-Russian Federation, zingatholakala kuze kufike emngceleni weYurophu. Isinambuzane sihlala ezifundazweni ezisenyakatho nasempumalanga yeChina.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lolu hlobo lomnyovu lwalethwa ngephutha eNyakatho Melika amatilosi aseYurophu kuphela phakathi nekhulu le-19.
Umehluko kumnyovu
I-hornet nomnyovu.
Ubukhulu obukhulu kanye ne-nape ekhulisiwe kuhlukanisa lolu hlobo. Abuye abe nombala ohlukile. Ingemuva, isisu, izimpondo zeminyovu zinsundu, kanti ezomnyovu zimnyama. Uma kungenjalo, banomzimba ofanayo, ukhalo oluncane, uhlaba kanye nomhlathi oqinile.
Imvelo yezinambuzane nayo ihlukile. Ama-hornets amakhulu awanawo ulaka njengeminyovu. Aqala ukuhlasela lapho esondela esidlekeni sawo. Ukwesaba okunamandla kubantu kubangelwa ubukhulu obumangalisayo kanye nokubhuza okwesabekayo.
Umjikelezo wokuphila
Isizukulwane sonke somnyovu omkhulu sivela endlovukazini eyodwa.
Entwasahlobo, ubheka indawo angaqala ngayo ukwakha isizukulwane esisha. Indlovukazi izikhiqizela yona amakhekheba oju lokuqala. Kamuva, indlovukazi izalela amaqanda kuzo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kuvela izibungu ezidinga ukudla kwezilwane.
Insikazi ibamba amacimbi, amabhungane, izimvemvane nezinye izinambuzane ukuze idle inzalo yayo. Isibungu esikhulile siyaphuma futhi sibe isiphungumangathi. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-14, umuntu osemusha udla ukhokho.
Maphakathi nehlobo, ezinsikazi nezinduna ezisebenzayo ziyakhula. Baqeda amakhekheba ezinyosi, balethe amaprotheni ezibungwini. Isibeletho asisaphumi ekhaya futhi sizalela amaqanda.
Isikhathi sokuphila sifushane. Izinambuzane zikhula ekupheleni kwehlobo, kodwa ngoSepthemba ingxenye enkulu iyafa. Abantu abasindile bangakwazi ukwelula kuze kube yilapho kubanda kuqala.
USepthemba inani eliphakeme labantu. Indlovukazi izalela amaqanda ayo ngesikhathi igcina ukubekela. Abesifazane baphuma kubo, okuthi kamuva babe izindlovukazi ezintsha.
Abantu bangaphambili batholakala ngama-ovari aguquliwe. Imisebenzi yabo icindezelwa amapheromone endlovukazi. Amaphuphu azungeza isidleke kanye nomlingani. Isidoda esitholakala ekwindla sigcinwa ukuze kwakhiwe isizukulwane esisha. Ngemva kokukhwelana, eyeduna ingaphila izinsuku ezifinyelela kweziyisi-7. Umama omdala uyaxoshwa.
Ama-hornets ebusika
I-Hornet.
Abaningi babo bafa ngaphambi kobusika. Ezisikazi ezivundisiwe ziphila zisencane. Ngokuzingela, zigcwalisa indawo yokugcina amandla. Amahora okukhanya emini ayancipha futhi i-diapause iyenzeka. Kulesi simo, kuba nokubambezeleka kwezinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni.
Bangakwazi ubusika ezindaweni ezicashile. Bacasha emakhazeni nasezitheni zabo. Ezinsikazi zingaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla. Ukujula okukhulu kunikeza amathuba aphezulu okusinda. Bangakwazi futhi ukuhlala ezihlahleni ezingenalutho, emifantwini yesibaya kanye ne-attic.
Abesifazane bavuka ngoMeyi ezingeni lokushisa okungenani elingu-10 degrees Celsius.
Ukudla
Iminyovu emikhulu iyizinambuzane omnivorous. Ziyakwazi ukuzingela. Nokho, bayakuthanda nokudla kwezitshalo. Ukudla kwabo kuhlanganisa:
- umpe;
- ijusi yepentshisi elithambile, i-pear, i-apula;
- amajikijolo - ama-raspberries, amajikijolo, ama-strawberries;
- izimfihlo ze-aphid.
I-hornet enezisulu.
Izinambuzane zivame ukudla izibungu zazo. Amahonethi ayizisebenzi adla inzalo yawo ngezicabucabu, ama-centipedes, nezikelemu. Imihlathi enamandla iklebhula inyamazane futhi iphakele indlovukazi nezibungu amaprotheni. Isibeletho siyasidinga ukuze sizalele amaqanda.
Izinambuzane zingakwazi ukuqeda sonke isidleke sezinyosi. Uju lubhubhisa izitshalo ezingaba ngu-30 zoju. Izinhlobo ezidliwayo zidla ama-500 g wezinambuzane.
Indlela yokuphila
Akunconywa ukwenza ukunyakaza okungazelelwe futhi unyakazise isidleke. Futhi, ungawabulali ama-hornets eduze kwesidleke, njengoba umuntu ofayo edlulisela isignali ye-alamu futhi akhuthaze ukuhlasela.
Ukwakha isidleke
Isidleke se-hornet.
Ukwakha isidleke, ama-hornets akhetha indawo eseceleni evikelwe ekubhalweni. Izinambuzane zingabadwebi bezakhiwo abahle kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukwakha izindlu eziyingqayizivele.
Ekwakhiweni, kusetshenziswa izinkuni ze-birch noma umlotha. Imanziswe amathe. Ingaphezulu lesidleke lifana nekhadibhodi noma iphepha likathayela. Umklamo unwebeka phansi. Kunamaseli angaba ngu-500 emakhekhebeni oju. Umbala we-cocoon uthinteka ngokhuni. Isikhathi esiningi inombala onsundu.
i-hornet sting
Luma kubangela isimo esibuhlungu kanye ne-allergic. Imiphumela ithonywa uhlobo lwesinambuzane nokungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye ubuthi. Izimpawu zokuqala zokulunywa ububomvu, ukuvuvukala, izinhlungu, umkhuhlane ophakeme, nokungasebenzi kahle kokuxhumana.
Ngezimpawu ezinjalo, i-lotion ebandayo isetshenziswa futhi i-antihistamine ithathwa. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zivela ngemva kwesikhashana. Kudingekile ukuqapha isimo sezempilo kanye nendawo yokulunywa.
isiphetho
Ama-hornets adlala indima enkulu emvelweni. Babhubhisa inqwaba yezinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, bayakwazi ukulimaza izithelo, baphange ama-apiary, badle izinyosi noju. Ukucekelwa phansi kwezidleke akuphephile kubantu. Ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, akufanele ususe isidleke.
Ngaphambilini