I-insect cockroach: izinambuzane ezifuywayo nezilwane ezimangalisayo
Amaphela. Izidalwa ezinyanyekayo ezesabisa abahlala endlini noma efulethini. Azijabulisi, ziyingozi futhi zingonakalisa imikhiqizo. Kodwa akubona bonke abameleli bamaphela abayingozi, uma bewusizo futhi bebahle kakhulu.
Okuqukethwe
Incazelo jikelele
Amaphela abamele izinambuzane. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-4640 ze-cockroach superorder. Lezi zilwane zingezinye zasendulo kakhulu, ezitholakala ezindaweni zokugcina iCarboniferous kanye nePaleozoic.
Izilwane zine-thermophilic futhi zithanda umswakama. Zihamba ebusuku futhi azivamile ukuphuma emini. Emvelweni, bakhetha ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamatshe, emifantwini yomhlabathi, eduze nezimpande neziphunzi. Zidla izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo nezilwane ezifile.
Isakhiwo
Ubukhulu besilwane buncike ohlotsheni. Ubude babantu abancane buyi-1 cm, kanti enkulu kunazo zonke ifinyelela ku-12 cm.
- Zinomzimba oyisiyingi oyisicaba, igobolondo eliqinile le-chitinous kanye nemihlathi eqinile.
- Umzimba uhlukaniswe, uhlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana.
Ukwakheka kwephela.
- Amehlo amabili awanawo amandla okubona okuqinile, kwezinye izinhlobo angase abe ne-atrophied ngokuphelele.
- Izimpondo ezinde zinenani lamasegimenti.
- Imilenze iqinile, ivame ukugijima.
- Amaphiko athuthukiswa noma afinyezwe kancane, kwezinye izinhlobo azikho ngokuphelele. Kodwa asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlela, amaphela awandizi kahle kakhulu.
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha
Amaphela ahlala eqenjini, kodwa awanakho ukuhlukaniswa okucacile kwezindima ekoloni. Izinqumo ezithile kuphela, ukukhethwa kwendawo yokufuduka nokuhlenga ngaphansi kosongo, zidlula ndawonye. Kodwa ngesikhathi socwaningo, kwavezwa ukuthi baningi abantu abahola leli koloni.
Kunezinhlobo ze-synotropic. Lawa yilawo ahlala eduze kwabantu futhi azuze idumela lokuba inkathazo. Bahlala futhi ekoloni futhi banezikhundla ezithile.
ukuzalanisa amaphela
Umjikelezo wokuphila
Amaphela ayizinambuzane ezinomjikelezo wempilo ongaphelele. Kunezintathu zazo, futhi ngayinye ine-metamorphoses yayo.
Ngokuvamile kutholakala ku-ootheque kumugqa owodwa noma ngaphezulu. Isikhathi sokukhula sincike ezinhlobonhlobo, ngokuvamile amaviki angu-3-4.
Lezi yizigaba lapho, kusukela ekuzalweni kwephela, liba umuntu omdala. Ekuqaleni, isilwane simhlophe, kodwa sidlula ama-molts amaningana futhi sibe sigcwele. Izinqubo zingathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa noma iminyaka eminingana.
Laba ngabantu abadala abavuthiwe. Kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo uhlala ungashintshile. Owesifazane oyedwa angakwazi ukubeka i-ootheca engu-4-6 empilweni yakhe, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo kuze kufike ku-12. Inani lezibungu lihlukile - kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-200.
isikhathi sokuphila kwamaphela
Ubude besikhathi sokuphila buncike ekutheni isinambuzane sikuluphi uhlobo. Izilwane zivumelana kalula nokuntuleka kokudla, zingaphila ngisho isikhathi esithile ngaphandle kokudla. Kodwa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa kubalulekile, ngo -5 degrees bayafa.
Leli gama lincike endaweni yokuhlala, ngoba abanye baba yizisulu zezitha, kanti abanye baba yisisulu somuntu emzabalazweni wokuhlanzeka.
Izintandokazi zokudla
Amaphela angesinye sezilwane ezidla omnivorous kakhulu. Ukuhlala emvelweni, badla izithelo, izinsalela eziphilayo, i-carrion, utshani.
Izinambuzane ezihlala endlini azithobeki futhi zidla konke okudliwa ngumuntu:
- imvuthu;
- ufulawa;
- isithelo;
- iphepha.
Ezimweni zokuntula ukudla, badla insipho, izingubo, izibopho zezincwadi nezicathulo zesikhumba. Bahlasela abantu ngezikhathi ezingavamile lapho kungekho nhlobo ukudla.
Zuza futhi ulimaze
Umuntu ujwayele ukubona amaphela njengezinambuzane. Bagqekeza ezindlini, okucasula izakhamuzi. Kodwa kukhona izinhlangothi zombili zohlamvu lwemali.
Izinzuzo Zezilwane
Emvelweni, badla imfucumfucu yezitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela basheshise inqubo yokubola. Ziyingxenye yochungechunge lokudla futhi zikhona ekudleni kwezilwane eziningi ezihlala emanzini nasezweni. Benza ucwaningo ngamaphela futhi bawasebenzise kwezokwelapha.
Ukulimala kwamaphela
Abantu abengeziwe bajwayelene nomonakalo othwalwa izinambuzane. Bona:
- phatha izifo;
- ziwumthombo wokutheleleka;
- ngcolisa ukudla;
- hlala ezindaweni zokulahla udoti;
- limaza izinto ezibalulekile;
- elimaza ubuhle.
amaphela nabantu
Izinhlobo eziningana ezivamile
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinhlobo ezivame ukutholakala eduze kwabantu.
Amaqiniso angajwayelekile
Kunamaqiniso ambalwa angajwayelekile angamangaza abantu basedolobheni.
| Imbangela yokufa | Amaphela aphila kalula ngaphandle kwekhanda isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto. Izitho zabo zokuphefumula zitholakala emzimbeni, futhi zibulawa ukoma. |
| Amaphela abesaba abantu | Futhi lokhu kuwukusabela okuqinile okuvamile ekusongelweni. Kodwa, futhi, umuntu ushiya amafutha ezilwane emzimbeni, okuphazamisa imisebenzi yawo ebalulekile. |
| Basaluma | Iqathaniswa ngamandla nokulunywa wumiyane. Kodwa emva kwalokho udinga ukwelashwa, ngoba bangaletha ukutheleleka. Kodwa azilumi ngokubi, kodwa ngenxa yendlala, zingalingwa kuphela yizinsalela zokudla ezinamathele ezandleni zabo. |
| Bashintsha indlela abagijima ngayo | Esimweni esivamile futhi kusukela ekucindezelekeni, bagijima ngendlela ehlukile. Lapho bebalekela ingozi, baqala ukuhlela kabusha izidladla zabo ngendlela ehlukile, beshintshana ngababili. |
| Asewusizo kakhulu. | Amakhemikhali aphuma ebuchosheni bamaphela asetshenziselwa ukusebenza emithini yezifo ezimbili ezibulalayo, i-E. coli ne-Staphylococcus aureus. |
isiphetho
Amaphela avezwa kakhulu njengezinambuzane. Balimaza abantu nokudla ngemisebenzi yabo. Indlela yabo yokuphila kudoti nasezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu izenza bazizwe, ngoba bathwala izinambuzane eziningi. Kodwa empeleni, ziyingxenye ye-ecosystem futhi zinenzuzo enkulu.
Ngaphambilini