Izindlela ezi-4 zokuqeda ama-aphid amnyama ngokushesha futhi kalula

Umbhali walesi sihloko

Ukubukwa kwe-1449

2 imiz. ukufunda

I-black blood aphid ihlukaniswa njengezinhlobo ezihlala zodwa. Ekuqaleni, izwe lakubo laliyiNyakatho Melika. Nokho, emakhulwini amabili eminyaka edlule, isinambuzane salethwa eYurophu. Lesi silwanyana siqanjwe ngombala obomvu wezicubu zomzimba.

Okuqukethwe

Incazelo ye-aphid emnyama
- Umjikelezo wokuphila
- Indawo yokuhlala nokusabalalisa
Inani lezomnotho
Izindlela zokulawula nokuvimbela
isiphetho

Incazelo ye-aphid emnyama

Igama: I-aphid emnyama noma i-cherry
Isi-Latin:I-Myzus cerasi
Ibanga: Izinambuzane - Insecta
Ubuthi obungalungile: I-Hemiptera - i-Hemiptera
Umndeni: Izintwala zangempela - Aphididae

	Izindawo zokuhlala:	isimo sezulu esipholile
	Izici:	kuthinta kakhulu izihlahla zezithelo
	Ingozi:	usongo lokulahleka kwezitshalo kufika ku-60%

Insikazi engenamaphiko ingcolile ebomvu noma ensundu. Ubukhulu bufinyelela ku-2,5 mm. Umzimba umise okweqanda nge-waxy phansi. Umkhulu kunabo bonke.

Insikazi enamaphiko enombala onsundu ngokumnyama nekhanda elimnyama. Isibhamu cishe asikho. Lesi sinambuzane sinomumo we-ellipsoid obude. Isisu siphuzi ngokunsundu. Amehlo ahlukene.

Intombi enemigqa namaphiko ifana kakhulu ngokubukeka. Ubukhulu beduna le-amphigonal cishe 0,6 mm. Awekho ama-proboscis namaphiko. Umbala uluhlaza okotshani kanye nemilenze emhlophe.

Insikazi ye-amphigonic, ekwazi ukuzalana ngokocansi, ingu-0,8 kuya ku-1,1 mm ubude. Umbala wezinambuzane unombala osawolintshi okhanyayo. Ukwakheka komzimba kuyi-ovoid.

I-aphid emnyama.

Umjikelezo wokuphila

Isigaba 1

Indawo yobusika bezibungu yizimpande zezihlahla zama-apula, imifantu emagxolweni naseziqwini. Ukuqala kokugeleza kwe-sap kuhambisana nokukhululwa kwezibungu. Zitholakala kumqhele, ncela ijusi okhunini namagxolo.

Isigaba 2

Ukuchanyuselwa kwabasunguli kwenzeka entwasahlobo. I-American Elm kukholakala ukuthi iwumthombo wangempela wezinhlobo eNyakatho Melika. Kukuyo lapho kwakhiwa khona abasunguli, abakhiqiza isizukulwane esinamaphiko.

Isigaba 3

Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-20 degrees ngaphansi kweziro, izibungu ziyafa. Ukuvuka kwenzeka ngo-7 degrees Celsius. Ku-14 degrees Celsius, ukudla kuqala. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-20 - 25.

Isigaba 4

Isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa esifushane izinsuku eziyi-10. Lokhu kungenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaJuni - maphakathi no-Agasti. Isizukulwane sokuqala esichuma kakhulu. Zikhiqiza izibungu ezingafika ku-200. Izizukulwane ezisele azinikezi abantu abangaphezu kuka-50.

Isigaba 5

Izibungu zikhiqiza abesifazane abangenamaphiko. Ngesikhathi sokuchanyuselwa, kunabantu abayi-150. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3, izibungu ziba abesifazane. UMeyi yisikhathi sokuvela kwabesifazane abaphiko. Lapho kushisa, izibungu zihlala ezimpandeni futhi ziyaqhubeka nokukhula.

Indawo yokuhlala nokusabalalisa

I-blood aphid ihlala eNtshonalanga yeBaltic, eTranscarpathia, ezindaweni eziseningizimu ye-Ukraine, eMoldova, eCaucasus, e-Asia Ephakathi, eNtshonalanga Yurophu, eMelika, e-Afrika, e-Australia, naseTransnistria. Ezingxenyeni ezisempumalanga nasentshonalanga yeYurophu, umngcele osenyakatho utholakala kulezo zifunda lapho izinga lokushisa ebusika lingekho ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-4 ngaphansi kweziro.

I-parasite iphikisana nesomiso. Inani labantu abaningi lisizwa isimo sezulu esinomswakama kanye nezindawo ezinomthunzi.

Inani lezomnotho

I-aphid emnyama.

Ukumunca ijusi kwakha ama-nodular thickenings - ama-nodule. Ziyakhula bese kuvela izilonda. Amanxeba afanayo akhona ezimpandeni. Izilonda zigcwele amagciwane abolayo, aholela ekufeni. Isihlahla esikhulile emva kweminyaka embalwa asitheli izithelo futhi siyabuna.

E-USA, ama-aphid amnyama adla i-apula, i-hawthorn, i-elm, ne-mountain ash. Ezwekazini lethu, kuyingozi ezihlahleni zama-apula nama-cherry. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zesiko. Kungalimaza nepetshisi.

Izindlela zokulawula nokuvimbela

Ukuze uvimbele, qiniseka ukuthi uyayikhulula inhlabathi futhi uhlole izinto zokutshala.

Kudingekile ukugcina ingadi ihlanzekile, ukusika njalo iziqongo nokuhlanza amagxolo amadala, ukumboza izihlahla ezithintekile ngesihlabathi noma umlotha ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ungasebenzisa futhi i-lime eqoshiwe. I-emulsion yamafutha amaminerali ngaphambi kokuvuvukala kwama-buds izonikeza umphumela omuhle.
Ekwindla, baphathwa ngesisombululo sensipho-ugwayi. Ungakwazi ukuheha isitha semvelo. Lesi yisifo se-aphelinus. Uyakwazi ukubhubhisa ikoloni lonke.
Indlela yamakhemikhali yenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-pyrethroids, ama-organophosphorus compounds, ama-neonicotinoids, amafutha amaminerali, ama-insecticide ane-nicotine.

Unganqoba ama-aphid usebenzisa izindlela zabantu noma amakhemikhali akhethekile. Udinga ukukhetha eyodwa kuphela Izindlela ezingama-26 zokubhekana nezintwala.

isiphetho

Ama-aphid amnyama abhubhisa ama-cherry nezihlahla zama-apula. Lapho izinambuzane zokuqala zitholakala, enye yezindlela ikhethiwe futhi ukulwa nazo kuqala. Ukuvimbela ngesikhathi kuzovimbela ukubonakala kwezinambuzane ezingafuneki.

Indlela yokubhekana nama-aphid