Umfuduki osebenzayo: i-Colorado potato beetle yavelaphi eRussia
I-Voracious Colorado beetle emibhedeni yamazambane isivele iyinsakavukela. Inkathazo eyingozi izwa kahle hhayi eYurophu kuphela, kodwa futhi nasendaweni yamazwe angaphambili e-CIS. Ngenxa yalokhu, iningi lentsha likholelwa ukuthi iColorado ibilokhu ihlala kule ndawo, kodwa empeleni ungumfiki ovela kude eNyakatho Melika.
Okuqukethwe
Umlando wokutholakala kwe-Colorado potato beetle
I-Colorado potato beetle ingowokufika ovela e-United States.
I-Colorado potato beetle ivela ezintabeni zaseRocky. Ngo-1824, leli bhungane elinemigqa latholwa okokuqala isazi sezinambuzane uThomas Say. Ngalezo zinsuku, izinambuzane eziyingozi ezizayo azizange zisole ngisho nokuba khona kwamazambane futhi ukudla kwawo kwakuhlanganisa izitshalo zasendle zomndeni we-nightshade.
Lolu hlobo lwathola igama laso elidumile emashumini eminyaka kamuva. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayesevele ehlile ezintabeni futhi wahamba eyonqoba izindawo ezintsha. Ngo-1855, i-Colorado potato beetle yanambitha amazambane emasimini aseNebraska, futhi kakade ngo-1859 yabangela umonakalo omkhulu emasimini aseColorado.
Izinambuzane ezinemithende zaqala ukuhamba ngokushesha enyakatho futhi inkazimulo yezinambuzane eziyingozi kanye negama eliziqhenyayo le-Colorado potato beetle labelwa kuso.
I-Colorado potato beetle yafika kanjani eYurophu?
Ngemva kokuba i-Colorado potato beetle ithathe ingxenye enkulu yeNyakatho Melika, yaqhubeka nokufudukela emazwenikazi amasha.
I-Colorado beetle.
Njengoba, ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, imikhumbi eminingi yabahwebi kakade yayisiwela uLwandlekazi i-Atlantic, akuzange kube nzima ngezinambuzane ukufika eYurophu.
Izwe lokuqala ukubhekana nenkinga "yemigqa" kwakuyiJalimane. Ngo-1876-1877, i-Colorado potato beetle yatholakala eduze nedolobha laseLeipzig. Ngemva kwalokho, lesi zinambuzane sabonakala kwamanye amazwe, kodwa inani lamakoloni lalincane futhi abalimi bendawo bakwazi ukubhekana nazo.
I-Colorado potato beetle yaphela kanjani eRussia
Uhambo lwe-Colorado potato beetle eYurophu.
Lesi silokazane sasakazeka phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala futhi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940 sahlala emazweni aseMpumalanga Yurophu. Ensimini yaseRussia, ibhungane laqala ukuvela ngo-1853. Isifunda sokuqala sezwe esathinteka ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane kwakuyisifunda saseKaliningrad.
Maphakathi nawo-70s, i-Colorado potato beetle yayisivele yandile e-Ukraine naseBelarus. Phakathi nesomiso, utshani obuvela emasimini ase-Ukraine bangeniswa kakhulu emazweni ase-Urals aseNingizimu, futhi ngabo inqwaba yezinambuzane ezinemithende yangena eRussia.
Ngemva kokuzinza ngokuqinile e-Urals, i-Colorado potato beetle yaqala ukuthatha izindawo ezintsha futhi iqhubekela phambili, futhi kakade ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21 yafinyelela insimu yaseMpumalanga Ekude.
Kusukela lapho, ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kuye kwenziwa ngenkuthalo ezweni lonke.
isiphetho
Ngisho neminyaka engaphansi kuka-200 edlule, i-Colorado potato beetle yayingeyona inkinga futhi abantu babengazi ngisho nokuba khona kwayo, kodwa njengoba wazi, akukho lutho emhlabeni oluhlala njalo. Kunobufakazi obuningi balokhu, futhi enye yazo yindlela yebhungane elincane leqabunga, elanqoba izindawo ezinkulu futhi laba esinye sezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu ezingadini emhlabeni.
