Umkhaza omnyama: isithombe nencazelo, izinyathelo nezindlela zokuvikela abantu, izilwane ezifuywayo, itulo lomuntu siqu

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Imikhaza emnyama izimuncagazi ezidalwa eziphilayo, umkhaza omnyama uyingozi ekudluliseleni kwawo amagciwane emzimbeni asuka emzimbeni. Umnyama uhlala otshanini obuminyene ehlathini ezihlahleni. Uma ungazivikelanga emikhazani emnyama, kungenzeka ukuthi ungenwe izifo. Indlela yokuhlukanisa nokuzivikela kumkhaza omnyama, funda ngezansi.

Okuqukethwe

Umkhaza omnyama: ulwazi olujwayelekile
Uyini umehluko phakathi komkhaza omnyama nezinye izinhlobo
Yiziphi izingozi zemikhaza emnyama?
- Ingozi kubantu
- Ingozi yezilwane
Ngabe kwenzeka kanjani ukutheleleka?
- Izenzo eziphoqelekile uma ulunywe umkhaza omnyama
Ungazivikela kanjani emikhazani emnyama
- Yimaphi amakhemikhali angcono kakhulu ekuvikeleni imikhaza
- Okumele kuqashelwe

Umkhaza omnyama: ulwazi olujwayelekile

Imikhaza emnyama ithola igama layo ngombala wayo omnyama eziswini zawo. Azikho izinhlobo ezihlukene ezifana ne-“Black tick”, zingezamakhaza e-ixodid anezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60. Futhi, isinambuzane sihluke kakhulu ngokubukeka kwayo kwezinye izikhizane (isithombe somkhaza).

Izindawo ezihlala imikhaza emnyama

Abamnyama bavame ukutholakala emahlathini, emapaki, nakwezinye izindawo ezimnyama nezimanzi. Imikhaza iphila futhi izingela ezihlahleni otshanini. Isikhathi esisebenza kakhulu sama-arachnids nguMeyi noJuni phakathi nalezi zinyanga yizona ezilambile kakhulu futhi zihlala zizifunela isisulu.

Izigaba zokukhula komkhaza omnyama

Entwasahlobo, abesifazane babekela amaqanda angaba yizinkulungwane ezi-3 emhlabathini. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, izibungu ziphuma emaqandeni, ezihola indlela yokuphila ye-parasitic, zibambelele kwezinye izilwane ezindala. Zingena esigabeni se-nymph ngemva kwezinsuku ezi-3 zondla enyoni noma elinye igundane.

Ngemva kwesilwane, i-arachnid iwela phansi futhi ngemva kokungena esigabeni se-nymph, iyingozi kubantu.

Injumbane ilingana nenhlamvu yerayisi, ngemva kokushaya umuntu, ingamthelela.

Ngemuva kwesigaba se-nymph, umkhaza ungena esigabeni sabantu abadala, esingazalana. Ngokuvamile badlula isigaba sabantu abadala entwasahlobo ngemva kwe-parasitism ende yomuntu noma isilwane.

Umkhaza omnyama.

Ukukhiqiza

Imikhaza emnyama iqala ukuzala entwasahlobo lapho isikhulile. Eyensikazi emnyama inkulu kakhulu kuneyeduna futhi ingabekela amaqanda afinyelela ku-3 XNUMX endaweni eyodwa. Ezimnyama zithola ezinsikazi ngokushesha futhi zizalela ngobuningi. Isibungu singachanyuselwa kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba phakathi nesikhathi esifudumele sonyaka. Isibungu siyi-parasite yazo zonke izilwane ezincane njengamagundane, ama-moles namanye amagundane.

Izici zokuziphatha

Imikhaza emnyama iphila cishe iminyaka emibili. Kukho konke ukuphila, lidlula ezigabeni eziningana ukuze liqale ukuphindaphindeka. Ukuze sidlulele kwesinye isigaba, isinambuzane sidinga isisulu esondla ngaso igazi.

Idla inyamazane eyodwa isikhathi esingangesonto, ngemva kwalokho iwela phansi inamaqabunga futhi ichitha ubusika lapho noma ibheke enye inyamazane.

Isimiso samandla

Ama-arachnids abekezelela ngokuthula noma yikuphi ukushisa futhi aphile ngokuthula ebusika obubandayo futhi aqale ukusebenza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Ngokuvamile abamnyama bahlasela amagundane amancane noma izilwane ezincane zasehlathini. Ngemva kokuvuthwa, izitayela zomlomo zivela ezinambuzaneni, ezibhoboza ngazo isikhumba somuntu ohlukunyeziwe. Ingakwazi futhi ukukhiqiza ingcina ye-organic enamathela kulowo ohlukunyeziwe.

Isinambuzane esincane.

Uyini umehluko phakathi komkhaza omnyama nezinye izinhlobo

I-Black ibhekisela ku-ixid, enqunywe kakhulu ngobukhulu bayo, ubude bayo bungafinyelela kumamilimitha angu-4, kulula ukuyibona otshanini noma kwezinye izindawo. Iphinde ibe nombala omnyama onombala kuwo wonke umzimba. Ingaphila emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Yakhiwe yisisu nekhanda. Abamnyama bahlushwa izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi okunzima ukuzelapha.

Yiziphi izingozi zemikhaza emnyama?

Imikhaza emnyama ithwala izifo eziningi. Izifo eziphathwa yi-arachnid emnyama kunzima ukuzelapha futhi ukwelashwa kuyabiza.

Izifo ezingaphathwa imikhaza emnyama neminye imikhaza yezinhlobo ze-ixid:

i-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza;
isifo se-lyme;
i-bartonellosis.

Zonke lezi zifo zingatheleleka ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza omnyama.

Umkhaza omncane.

Ingozi kubantu

Umkhaza ngamunye ungaletha noma yisiphi isifo emzimbeni womuntu. Uma elunywa futhi ethelelekile, umuntu angaphambanisa izifo azilethe nezinye izifo.

Izibonelo zezifo nezimpawu zazo:

i-encephalitis yisifo esinezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubuthakathaka kuwo wonke umzimba, ukuhlanza, ukushisa, ubuhlungu ekhanda. Uma singelashwa, lesi sifo singaholela ekukhubazekeni kwezitho, kuhlanganise nokulimala kobuchopho;
isifo se-lyme. Izimpawu zifana nesifo esivamile. Lesi sifo sithinta isimiso sezinzwa nenhliziyo.

Ingozi yezilwane

Izilwane ngemva kokulunywa zinemiphumela yazo. Esilwaneni ngasinye singathwala lesi sifo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Izimpawu zezifo zingahluka uma isilwane sinalezi zimpawu ngemva kokulunywa, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusiyisa kudokotela wezilwane.

Izimpawu nezifo isilwane esingaba naso:

I-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza

Ukulahlekelwa isithakazelo emvelweni, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, ukugcinwa komchamo kuyizimpawu ze-encephalitis ethwala imikhaza.

I-Bartonellosis

Izimpawu zalesi sifo ezilwaneni: umkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala kwamajwabu amehlo, ubuthakathaka bemilenze yangemuva.

borrelez

Ngemva kokulunywa, uma izilwane zingasebenzi, isifiso sazo sokudla siphelile, ziyacasuka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziqala ukuxhuga. Zonke lezi zimpawu zikhomba i-Borrelia.

Ngabe kwenzeka kanjani ukutheleleka?

Ukulunywa okumnyama kuhlukile kokunye. Ingatholakala kubantu nasezilwaneni. I-arachnid emzimbeni wesilwane ingaphila izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-7 emzimbeni womuntu, ngokuvamile kungabi ngaphezu kosuku ngemva kokulunywa, umuntu uthola ngokushesha i-parasite emzimbeni wakhe.

Umkhaza omnyama unamathiselwe kumuntu ohlukunyeziwe endimeni ayikhiqizayo.

Izenzo eziphoqelekile uma ulunywe umkhaza omnyama

Ube esebheka indawo ezacile kakhulu lapho angabhoboza khona futhi afinyelele egazini lesisulu. I-arachnid emnyama ifaka ikhanda layo esikhumbeni, futhi isisu silenga phansi futhi siba sikhulu nsuku zonke. I-parasite ayikwazi ukuthelela lesi sifo kuphela, kodwa futhi ishiye izibungu esikhumbeni sesisulu.

Uma kukhona i-arachnid emnyama emzimbeni, kungcono ukuyikhipha esibhedlela. Uma uzama ukuzikhipha ngokwakho, inqubo yokuvuvukala ingase ihlale. Uma uyikhipha ngama-tweezers, khona-ke ikhanda layo elikhulu lizohlala esikhumbeni, futhi lizoqala ukusabalala, ngaleyo ndlela libangele ukuvuvukala.

Futhi, abantu abaningi bayeluleka ukuthela i-vodka noma uphethiloli wedizili kumkhaza ukuze kuvinjwe umoya futhi ukuze iphume iyodwa enxebeni. Umkhaza awuphefumuli ngomlomo futhi ukuthela amafutha edizili noma i-vodka kuzodala ukusha emzimbeni. Uma uthola umkhaza emzimbeni wakho, kutuswa ukuthi uye kudokotela ozokhipha umkhaza emzimbeni wakho futhi abulale amagciwane endaweni yenxeba.

Umkhaza emzimbeni ungabonakala ngemva kwezimpawu ezithile, isibonelo, uma ngemva kokuhamba ehlathini unobuthakathaka emzimbeni wakho wonke, kunconywa ukuthi uhlole umzimba wakho wonke ukuze uthole umkhaza. I-arachnid ingangena emzimbeni womuntu ngokungabonakali futhi ibhoboze isikhumba ngaphandle kobuhlungu, ingabonwa ngengozi noma ngezimpawu.

Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuza esibhedlela ukuze uyisuse ngamathuluzi akhethekile, khona-ke ungayikhipha ekhaya. Ukuze sikhiphe intambo ngokuphepha, senza iluphu emculweni bese siyibeka kukhiza bese siyikhipha kancane kancane. Asikho isidingo sokuyikhipha ngezandla zakho nangama-tweezers, umkhaza uzofa ngomonakalo futhi kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuwukhipha.

Ngemva kokukhipha umkhaza, kuzodingeka uwuyise elabhorethri ngalo lolo suku ukuze uhlole izifo. Uma lesi sifo singatholakali, khona-ke kuzodingeka ukuthi ubhekane nokwelashwa okunqunyiwe ngokumelene nalesi sifo. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sifo sizokhula futhi ukukhubazeka kungenzeka. Uma kungekho sifo esitholakele kumkhaza, kutuswa ukuba uhlolwe igazi emasontweni ambalwa ngemva kokulunywa. Uma unesifo, khona-ke emasontweni ambalwa izohlukana futhi ibonakale ekuhlolweni kwegazi.

Ungazivikela kanjani emikhazani emnyama

Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuvikela imikhaza emnyama. Lapho uhamba ehlathini noma epaki, udinga ukuziphathisa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile okwesabisa ama-arachnids. Kudingeka izingubo nezicathulo ezivalwe ngokugcwele.

Ezilwaneni, kusetshenziswa amakholomu akhethekile aphinde abulale ama-arachnids. Ehlathini, akufanele uhambe emahlathini nakwezinye izindawo lapho kunezihlahla eziningi notshani obude. Ngemva kokuhamba ehlathini endlini, udinga ukuhlola ngokugcwele umzimba wakho ukuba khona kwe-arachnid emnyama noma enye.

Yimaphi amakhemikhali angcono kakhulu ekuvikeleni imikhaza

Ohambweni, udinga ukuziphathisa ngokulungiselela okukhethekile.

Amalungiselelo angcono kakhulu okwelapha imikhaza:

I-Permethrin. I-Permethrin ingasetshenziswa kuphela ekuvikelweni kwezingubo kuzoqhubeka ngisho nangemva kokugeza. Ngaphambi kwesikhumba, umuthi awukwazi ukusetshenziswa, kungase kube khona ukushisa;
I-DEET. Isidakamizwa singasetshenziswa ekuvikelweni kwesikhumba ngokumelene nemikhaza amahora amaningana;
I-Pecaridin. Ingasetshenziswa futhi esikhumbeni ngamaphesenti ukusuka ku-5% kuya ku-20% wesithako.

indlela yokwelapha izibungu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba noma i-demodicosis