I-Ornithonyssus bacoti: ubukhona efulethini, izimpawu ngemuva kokulunywa nezindlela zokuqeda ngokushesha ama-gamas parasite

Umbhali walesi sihloko

Ukubukwa kwe-500

5 imiz. ukufunda

I-arachnid ehlasela amagundane. Bangabathwali bezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngokushoda kwamagundane endaweni yokuhlala yalezi zinambuzane, izilwane ezincane, kuhlanganise nabantu, zingakhethwa njengomsingathi.

Okuqukethwe

I-Rat mite ornithonyssus bacoti
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-parasite
Ukulimaza abantu nezilwane
Indlela yokubona ukubukeka kwezibungu ze-gamasid endlini
Izimpawu zokulunywa komkhaza wamagundane
Ungadida ngani futhi nobani ukusabela kokulunywa kwamagundane
Usizo lokuqala lokulunywa
Yiziphi izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle ngemva kokulunywa
Ukuhlaselwa kwamagundane kubantu abadala kanye nezingane, izinkinga
Ukwelashwa kwegundane elinegciwane
Rat umkhaza efulethini, kanjani ukuqeda
- Imisebenzi yokulwa
- Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

I-Rat mite ornithonyssus bacoti

Внешний вид

Ibukeka njenge-parasite enosayizi omdala ongu-0,75-1,45 mm. Owesilisa 0,55 mm, owesifazane 08 mm. I-Ornithonyssus bacoti kanyeinomthunzi ukusuka kokunsundu okumnyama kuya kokumpunga ngokukhanyayo. Njengoba selidlile igazi lomsingathi, lithatha umbala obomvu womzimba. Kukhona isikhwehlela, isihlangu esimise okweqanda. Abantu abalambile bangahamba ibanga elingaphezu kwamamitha angu-100 befuna inyamazane. Ngaphandle kokudla, angaphila cishe izinyanga eziyi-1,5.

Habitat

Umkhaza utholakala ezindlini ezingasasebenzi, lapho kunamagundane amaningi. Ibanga eliyinhloko oi-rnithonyssus i-bacoti kucatshangelwa izidleke zamagundane. Lesi sinambuzane singase sihambe siyofuna inyamazane. Imikhaza ingaphila ekukhiqizeni nasekuzaleni izilwane, isibonelo, ama-zoo, izitshalo zokucubungula inyama. Umkhaza uyakwazi ukungena ezindlini zokuhlala ngokungenisa umoya emnyango ongaphambili.

Ingabe uke wabhekana nezibungu zamagundane?

Kwakuyindaba...Hhayi okwamanje!

Umjikelezo wempilo yokuthuthuka

Kunezigaba ezi-5 emjikelezweni wokuphila komkhaza wegundane:

Ukuzalwa kweqanda.
Ukuguqulwa kube isibungu.
I-Protonymph.
I-Deutonymph.
Ukuba umuntu omdala.

Imikhaza ingahlasela umsingathi emijikelezweni emibili yokuphila kuphela: i-protonymph kanye nesigaba sokugcina sokukhula komuntu. Ngemuva kokuthi i-protonymph isondliwe ngegazi, uyahamba isikhathi sokuncibilika, kanti umuntu owakhekile uzalela amaqanda.

Umkhaza onjalo ungabekela amaqanda angaba yi-100 ngesikhathi. Isibungu sichanyuselwa ngosuku nengxenye, sinamathela ejazini futhi siqhume kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-2, bese siya esigabeni esilandelayo. I-protonymph, ngemva kokunambitha igazi, i-molts futhi idlulela esigabeni esilandelayo se-deutonymph.

Kulesi sigaba, ushintsho lomnikazi lwenzeka. Wonke umjikelezo womkhaza ungathatha noma yikuphi ukusuka ezinsukwini eziyisi-7 kuye kweziyi-16. Indoda oi-rnithonyssus i-bacoti uhlala izinyanga ezingu-2,5, kanti owesifazane kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-1,5 kuya kwezi-2.

isinambuzane esincane kakhulu.

Ukukhiqiza

I-Pathogenesis wuhlobo lokuzala lapho amangqamuzana wesifazane ephenduka abe umuntu omdala ngaphandle kokuvundiswa okuhambisanayo. Ukuthuthuka komuntu wesilisa kwenzeka uma i-protonymph inamathela esilwaneni futhi iphuza igazi kanye ngaphambi kokuncibilika. Ukukhula kowesifazane kwenzeka lapho i-protonymph molts iye esigabeni esilandelayo se-deutonymph njalo emahoreni amabili.

Питание

Imikhaza idla i-serum yegazi. Bangaphila isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla.

Izifo

Uma umkhaza uluma umuntu, ubangela ukucasuka, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-rat tick dermatitis". Ukulunywa kwe-ornithonyssus bacoti kumele kuhlukaniswe nokulunywa ezinye izinambuzane ukuze kwehliswe isimo somuntu ohlukunyeziwe ngokusebenzisa:

i-corticosteroids;
i-crotamton;

i-hexachloride;
ama-antihistamines.

Ukucasuka kuvame ukuziphela ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-15. i-arachnid mayelanai-rnithonyssus i-bacoti (i-rat mite) ithwala izifo eziyingozi ezifana nalezi:

isifo;
I-Q fever;
i-rickettsiosis;
i-coxsackie;

i-typhus;
i-western nile fever;
isifo se-lyme;
i-langat virus.

Izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-parasite

Ngaphezu kwezibungu zamagundane, kunezinhlobo eziningana ezengeziwe - inkukhu, igundane. Umkhaza wenkukhu awubeki usongo kubantu, kodwa umkhaza wegundane uyingozi. Umuntu ojwayelekile ngeke akwazi ukuhlukanisa igundane negundane.

Umuntu onjalo uyingozi ngoba isifo se-vesicular rickettsiosis singangeniswa emzimbeni womuntu; ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kuyadingeka ukwelapha lesi sifo.

Ngokukhula kwalesi sifo, umuntu angase abe nomkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka, amakhaza, nokuqubuka emzimbeni.

Ukulimaza abantu nezilwane

Ukuhlaselwa kwemikhaza eminingana kuzobandakanya noma iyiphi i-pathology cishe ku-100% wamacala. Izifo ezibalwe ngenhla. Lapho ulunywa, ezinye izimpawu zingase zibe khona:

ukulunywa endaweni yokulunywa;
ubuthakathaka bomzimba;
ukubonakala kwe-rash;
ukuntula isifiso sokudla, isiyezi;

Kwezinye izimo, izinga lokushisa likhuphukela ku-38 degrees. Uma kunezimpawu ezinzima, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kube khona ukufa okuvelai-rnithonyssus i-bacoti (i-rat mite).

Imikhaza ithwala izifo eziningi.

Indlela yokubona ukubukeka kwezibungu ze-gamasid endlini

Ngenxa yendawo yokuhlala njalo ezidlekeni, ohi-rnithonyssus i-bacoti angahlala emibhedeni yabantu. Izimuncagazi ezincane zingabonwa ngeso lenyama. Uma ichashazi elimpunga likhasa embhedeni, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi igundane noma umkhaza wegundane. Ukuze uyisuse, kufanele uthole isidleke se-parasite futhi usibhubhise.

Izimpawu zokulunywa komkhaza wamagundane

Esizeni sokulunywa kwe-ornithonyssus bacoti, kuvela ukuqubuka, okuhambisana nokulunywa, ukuzwa ukunyakaza emzimbeni, ubuhlungu besici, ububomvu nokuvuvukala, nokushisa komzimba kuyakhuphuka.

Ungadida ngani futhi nobani ukusabela kokulunywa kwamagundane

Ukulunywa komkhaza kufanele kuhlukaniswe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

utwayi;
ukuhlukunyezwa;
i-herpetiform dermatitis;
ukulunywa ezinye izinambuzane;
i-pediculosis;

Izilwane ezifuywayo ezithandekayo.

Usizo lokuqala lokulunywa

Ngemuva kokulunywa komkhaza, udinga ukuhlinzeka ngokushesha usizo lokuqala bese ubiza udokotela. Uma i-parasite ibonakala esikhumbeni, kufanele isuswe ngamafutha yemifino. Ngoba uzama ukukhamai-rnithonyssus i-bacoti kungaba yingozi.

Amafutha emifino awavumeli i-parasite ukuba iphefumule, ngenxa yalokho ezama ukushiya indawo eyingozi kuye futhi akukho senzo esidingekayo. Kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziswa uphalafini. Ngemuva kokuthi umkhaza ususiwe, kuyadingeka ukuphatha indawo yokulunywa ngesisombululo sotshwala bese ulinda i-ambulensi ukuthi ifike.

Yiziphi izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle ngemva kokulunywa

Udokotela uzonikeza izidakamizwa ezisekelwe ku-antihistamine ukuze i-dermatitis ephethwe umkhaza ingaqali ukukhula. Ngemiphumela emibi, i-Prednisolone, i-Dexamethasone isetshenziswa.

Lawa mafutha atholakala kumashubhu amancane angama-25-30 amagremu. Isiza ekudambiseni ukulunywa, iqede ukuvuvukala, inciphise ubuhlungu futhi ikhuthaze ukuphulukiswa ngokushesha. Inqubo izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku izinsuku ezingama-7-10. I-ointment ayivunyelwe kwabesifazane abancelisayo, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala.

Ingenye yemithi ephumelelayo yokulwa nokulunywa yizinambuzane. Inomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antiseptic. Faka isicelo kanye ngosuku isonto elilodwa.

Inayo yonke imiphumela efana ne-sulfuric ointment, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho ikhuthaza ukuphulukiswa okusheshayo futhi ivikela ekutheleleni. Isetshenziswa nsuku zonke izinsuku ezi-3. Ngemuva kwenqubo, odokotela batusa ukuthi ugcobe indawo ethintekile izikhathi ezimbalwa njalo ngolunye usuku.

Ukuhlaselwa kwamagundane kubantu abadala kanye nezingane, izinkinga

Ama-arachnids angabangela izinkinga ngokulunywa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezithwalayo, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kubangela ukufa.

Ukwelashwa kwegundane elinegciwane

Ukwelapha igundane, ukungenelela kochwepheshe kuyadingeka, uzobeka imithi edingekayo. Uma kwenzeka kuyinkimbinkimbi, isilwane sizobekwa amafutha okugcoba ukuvuvukala, inkambo ye-antibiotics. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kufanele uphathe isilwane ngokwakho ngosizo lwezidakamizwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekufeni.

Lapho ukwelapha igundane, indawo yokulala kufanele ishintshwe nsuku zonke, futhi igumbi lesilwane kufanele libulawe amagciwane.

Uma kukhona izinto ezenziwe ngokhuni ekhejini, kufanele zilahlwe, njengoba zingase zibe nama-parasites. Ukuze isilwane singazinwaya, kudingeka sisuse izinzipho. Uma uzalanisa amagundane, kunconywa ukuthi uhlale uwaphatha ngama-insecticides ukuze uwavikele emikhaza.