I-Gamas mouse mite: kungani ivela efulethini nokuthi ungaziqeda kanjani izinambuzane ngokushesha nangempumelelo

Izibungu ze-Gamasid: ulwazi olujwayelekile

Izibungu ze-Gamozoid ziyi-arthropods ezincane ezihlala kuyo yonke iplanethi. Lolu hlobo okwamanje alukafundwa kancane. Kukholakala ukuthi abameleli balolu hlobo yizihlobo eziseduze zemikhaza ye-ixodid - ama-arthropods asakaza i-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza nesifo se-Lyme.

Внешний вид

I-gamasid mite ingabonakala kuphela ngesibonakhulu. Abamele lolu hlobo lwezilwane banezici zangaphandle ezilandelayo:

• umzimba kuze kufike ku-2,5 mm ubude, oval;
• umbala kusuka ophuzi kuya onsundu omnyama;
• abantu abadala banamapheya angu-4 emilenze emincane;
• ingxenye enkulu yomzimba imbozwe i-chitin, evikela izinambuzane ekulimaleni.

Ukukhiqiza

I-Gamasid ingazala ngezindlela ezahlukene:

Izigaba zentuthuko

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezibungu ze-gamasid kuhlanganisa izigaba eziningana: iqanda, isibungu, izigaba ezi-2 ze-nymphal, imago (omdala). Ngokwesilinganiso, wonke umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa uthatha izinsuku ezingu-10-15, isilinganiso sokuphila kwezinambuzane yizinyanga ezingu-6-9. Izibungu zihlukile kubantu abadala ngosayizi, inani lemilenze (6, hhayi 8) kanye nokuntuleka kwezidingo zokudla okunomsoco.

Питание

Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-gamasid eziyizilokazane. Ezinye izinhlobo zihlala emhlabathini, otshanini, ezihlahleni. Azilimazi abantu nganoma iyiphi indlela, futhi ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane azinakwa. Abanye abameleli bayizilwane ezidla ezinye.

Badla ama-arthropods amancane, bacekele phansi amaqanda abo, badla ama-microorganisms ahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nesikhunta. Ingxenye encane yalolu hlobo yizilokazane. Zidla igazi lezilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo, ezihlanganisa abantu, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinyoni nezinambuzane. Phakathi kwezibungu ze-gamasid, izinhlobo ezi-2 ze-parasitism zihlukaniswa:

1. Okwesikhashana. Lapho i-parasite igcwele igazi lesisulu futhi ishiya umzimba wayo, emva kwalokho iqala ukucinga into entsha yokuhlaselwa.
2. Unomphela. I-arthropod ihlala isemzimbeni wesisulu noma ngaphakathi komzimba waso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abagcini ngokudla ngokukhululekile egazini lomnikazi, kodwa futhi bazifudumeze ngokufudumala komzimba wakhe. Izimo ezinjalo zivuna kakhulu ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo.

Izinhlobo ezivamile

Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-Gamasaceae, ezimbalwa kuphela ezinokubaluleka kwezokwelapha kubantu kanye nobungozi ezilwaneni. Eziyinhloko zichazwe kabanzi ngezansi.

izimbuzane zegundane

Abameleli balolu hlobo badla igazi lamagundane okuhlobisa futhi asendle, bahlala futhi bazalela ezidlekeni zabo.

Ubukhulu bezinambuzane bungaba ngu-3 mm, ngakho-ke zingabonakala ngaphandle kwedivayisi yokukhulisa.

Bayakwazi ukuhlasela umuntu futhi babeke ingozi empilweni yakhe, njengoba bengabathwali be-rickettsiosis ye-vesicular. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokutheleleka ngalesi sifo:

• ukwakheka kokuvuvukala nokuvuvukala endaweni yokulunywa, ukwakheka koqweqwe olumnyama;
• ukuqhuma okuvela kuqala ezithweni bese kusakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba;
• imfiva, imfiva;
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene noma bemisipha.

Lesi sifo siphathwa ngempumelelo ngama-antibiotic eqembu le-tetracycline. Kubantu abanamasosha omzimba aqinile, akuvamile ukuthi lesi sifo sihambe sisodwa emasontweni amabili kuya kwangu-2 ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu.

Igundane

Ngaphandle, azifani nohlobo oluchazwe ngenhla, kodwa zikhetha ukudla ngegazi lamagundane. Bangahlasela umuntu. Isebenza kakhulu futhi iyasebenza esimweni esilambile, lapho befuna inyamazane, bangakwazi ukumboza ibanga elingamamitha angamakhulu amaningana, ngakho-ke, bavame ukuhlala ezindlini ezingaphansi kwezakhiwo zokuhlala, izindlu zangasese kanye namafulethi, ngokuvamile atholakala phansi. Imikhaza yamagundane iphinde ibe yingozi kubantu, njengoba ithwala isifo esiwumshayabhuqe, i-typhus, igciwane le-Coxsackie, ne-tularemia.

Inyama yenkukhu

Amatshwele nabantu ababuthaka ngokuvamile bayafa. Izibungu zezinkukhu nazo zihlasela abantu, kuyilapho umuntu engase angahlangani nenyoni enegciwane. Ngokuvamile ama-parasite atholakala emicamelweni uma izinto zokusetshenziswa zokugcwalisa zicutshungulwa kabi.

Abamele lolu hlobo lwezinambuzane abazibekezeleli izifo ezithathelwanayo, kodwa bangabangela i-dermatitis kanye nokungezwani komzimba kubantu.

Uma kusolakala ukuthi inkukhu inezibungu, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ngokushesha.

Abantu ngabanye bathuthelwa endlini yezinkukhu zesikhashana futhi baphathwe ngamalungiselelo akhethekile: Butox 50, Delcid, Milben. Ihhoko lezinkukhu liphinde libulawe amagciwane ngamakhemikhali: Chlorophos, Tsiodrin, Karbofos. Qiniseka ukuthi uvala yonke imifantu nemifantu, ucake izindonga. I-quartzing nayo iyanconywa.

izimbuzane zenyoka

Kuyisilwane esimnyama esicwebezelayo esihlasela izinyoka nezibankwa. Imikhaza kulula ukuyibona ngeso lenyama emzimbeni wesilwane esihuquzelayo noma esitsheni samanzi lapho izinyoka zivame ukucwilisa khona ukuze zikhiphe ukulunywa. Ukutheleleka okunamandla kungabangela i-anemia, ukuphazamiseka kwe-molting kanye nokuluma okukhulu, futhi ukutheleleka kwesibili kuvame ukubonwa. Uma isemzimbeni womuntu, i-snake mite ingabangela i-dermatitis, ukusabela okweqile.

Zivelaphi efulethini nasendlini

Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani izibungu ze-gamasid zingena efulethini noma endlini:

• izinambuzane zangena zodwa ekhaya, ngama-grilles okungenisa umoya, ukuqhekeka kwamafasitela, njll.
• balethwa yizilwane ezifuywayo ngoboya babo noma abantu abembethe izingubo, izicathulo;
• ingene isuka ezindlini ezingaphansi, elisophahleni, emigodini eya esakhiweni sesakhiwo, uma amagundane, amagundane, izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini zihlala lapho noma izidleke zezinyoni.

Izimo ezivuma kakhulu endaweni yezinambuzane yilezi ezilandelayo:

• ukuba khona komthombo wokudla njalo - isilwane noma umuntu;
• izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomoya kanye nomswakama okungenani 50-60%;
• ubumnyama.

Izinambuzane azihlali unomphela emzimbeni wezisulu zazo, kodwa zikhetha izindawo zokuhlala eziseduze nazo.

Isibonelo, emvelweni bahlala eduze kwezidleke zezinyoni, ngaphakathi kwemigodi, njll. Ngokuphathelene nabantu, ama-gamasid enza ngendlela efanayo. Ezindlini zabantu, ngokuvamile bahlala kulezi zindawo zokukhosela ezilandelayo:

• izinto zasendlini ezenziwe ngezinto zemvelo;
• imikhiqizo evela phansi nezimpaphe;
• izitshalo zasendlini;
• imifantu ezindongeni kanye nesikhala ngemuva kwephepha lodonga;
• Imishini;
• isikhala ngaphansi kwefasitela.

Lapho ukhetha indawo yokuhlala, imikhaza iqondiswa izintandokazi zabo: kufanele ibe mnyama, inomswakama futhi ifudumele. Ukuze bangachithi isikhathi esiningi bethuthela isisulu, cishe bazokhetha indawo eduze nombhede, usofa noma isihlalo - lapho umuntu echitha isikhathi esiningi. Uma kunezilwane ezifuywayo endlini, imikhaza ingahlala eduze nemibhede yayo, ukunwaya izigxobo, njll.

Imuphi umonakalo obangelwa yizimbuzane ze-gamasid kubantu?

Ukulunywa yizinambuzane kubangela ukulunywa kakhulu futhi kungabangela ukungezwani komzimba. Ngokulunywa okuningi, umuntu angakwazi ukuthuthukisa i-dermatitis, enegama lesayensi elithi "gamazoidosis". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-gamasid athwala izifo ezithathelwanayo ezilandelayo:

• i-erysipiloid;
• i-borreliosis;
• i-ornithosis;
• Q fever.

Indlela yokwelapha ukulunywa

Kubantu abaningi, ukulunywa okukodwa akudingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Kodwa-ke, ngezilonda eziningi zesikhumba, i-dermatitis iqala, engapheli yodwa. Uma unezinkinga zesikhumba, kufanele uthintane nomelaphi noma udokotela wesikhumba, uma kunesidingo, kuzokhishwa ukudluliselwa esikhungweni se-dermatovenerological dispensary ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kunqunywe ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ezilwaneni, umuthi ofanelekile uzokusiza ukhethe udokotela wezilwane. Ukwelashwa, amaconsi, ama-emulsions, ama-shampoos nezinye izindlela zisetshenziswa.

Izibungu ze-Gamasid nezindlela zokulwa nazo

Azikho izindlela eziningi ezikhethekile zokubhekana nalolu hlobo lomkhaza. Ukuze kubhujiswe ama-gamasid, ama-insecticidal agents asetshenziswa kaningi, kepha cishe akunakwenzeka ukubhubhisa yonke ikoloni.

Inqubo yokucubungula igumbi

Uma izibungu ze-gamazoid zitholakala endlini futhi izakhamuzi zibonisa izimpawu ze-dermatitis, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukulungisa yonke imifantu nemifantu eduze nomnyango wepayipi, ngaphansi kwama-sills amafasitela, kuhle ukwenza lokhu ngosimende.

Uma kunezilwane ezifuywayo endlini, kuyadingeka ukuphatha kahle izingubo zabo zokulala, futhi nokubhubhisa ama-parasites noma izinwele zabo ngosizo lwama-shampoos akhethekile we-acaricidal, izifutho, amaconsi nezinye izindlela ezifakazelwe.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Kunzima kakhulu ukuqeda ama-gamasid, kulula kakhulu ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwawo ngokubheka izinyathelo zokuvimbela:

• vimbela ukungena ezindlini nasezindaweni ezihlala amagundane;
• phatha njalo izilwane ezifuywayo ngama-shampoos akhethekile we-flea;
• gcina ukuhlanzeka kwezindawo zokuhlala nezindawo zokudlala nokuzilibazisa kwezilwane ezifuywayo;
• ukwenza ukwelashwa okuvamile kokuvimbela kwehhoko lezinkukhu ngama-agent akhethekile we-acaricidal.