Iwebhu kuma-strawberries: indlela yokubona i-parasite eyingozi ngesikhathi futhi ulondoloze isitshalo
Emfucumfucwini yezitshalo eziphilayo, izibungu zesicabucabu zesicabucabu sezitini-owolintshi ziqoqana ngamakoloni ambozwe ukubola. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane, iyisilokazana esiyingozi. Ithinta izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-300, hhayi ezingadini kuphela, kodwa nalezo ezikhule ezindlini. Ngonyaka owodwa, izizukulwane ezimbalwa zale arachnid zingadla esitshalweni. Ngezansi kunesicabucabu esithombeni se-strawberry esivela ku-inthanethi.
Okuqukethwe
Incazelo yenkathazo
I-spider mite ehlala kuma-strawberry inomzimba osobala kancane, oyisicaba futhi umude. I-vitreous transparent body ye-parasite endala inomumo oval futhi ihlukaniswe izingxenye zangaphambili nezangemuva ngomsele ophambanayo. Incane kakhulu, abantu abadala abakho ngaphezu kuka-0,3 mm ubude, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukubonakala ngeso lenyama, kuphela ngaphansi kwe-microscope ene-10x magnification.
Umbala we-spider mite uhlukile, kokubili okuluhlaza okotshani nokuphuzi, kodwa ekwindla abesifazane baphenduka babomvu.
Abesifazane nabesilisa
Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa, kokubili ngobude nobubanzi. Ezinsikazi ezisencane zihlala ziluhlaza ngombala, ziphenduka zibewolintshi noma zibebomvu ebusika. Unamabala emaceleni, namabristle emhlane.
Amaduna afinyelela ubude obungekho ngaphezu kuka-0,2 mm, nawo mancane kakhulu kunabesifazane ngobubanzi. Ekupheleni komzimba yisitho sokukopisha, kowesifazane isitho sangasese sitholakala engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba. Esigabeni sezibungu, umkhaza unamapheya amathathu emilenze ye-bristly, kubantu abadala - abane.
Indlela yokuphila kanye nomjikelezo wokuphila we-parasite
Izizathu zokuvela komkhaza kuma-strawberries
Ngo-August no-September, abesifazane bacasha ezindaweni zokukhosela zasebusika. Izinambuzane zinezizukulwane ezingu-5-6 ngonyaka, inani lazo landa ehlobo. Bese inani labantu liqala ukusebenza futhi liphindaphindeke ngokushesha kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngo-August no-September, abesifazane bacasha ezindaweni zokukhosela zasebusika.
Izimpawu zokulimala nokulimala kwezitshalo
Izimpawu zokubukeka kwayo amabala agqamile e-mosaic emaqabunga, aqala kancane ukuphenduka aphuzi futhi awe. Ngokutheleleka okunamandla, lezi zinambuzane zithinta ama-petioles, ama-peduncle ngisho nezimbali. Zivela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nomoya owomile. Ngalesi sizathu, izinambuzane zivame ukuvela ezitshalweni ezitshalwe ekhaya ebusika.
- Ngenxa yomsebenzi we-mite, ukukhula kwama-buds ezihlahleni ze-strawberry kuyama, futhi le nqubo ayimi ehlobo. Kuyingozi kokubili ezihlahleni zabantu abadala kanye nama-rosette amancane kakhulu.
- Itholakala ngaphansi kweqabunga, imunca amajusi kuwo, okuthinta inqubo ye-phytosynthesis. Amaqabunga ambozwa amachashaza amhlophe, bese agoqa, ome futhi awe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesizini ephezulu.
- Izithelo nazo azinaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa futhi zome. Ngokuvamile, izibungu nazo zithelela izimbali. Izihlahla ezilimele zingase zingabekezeleli amazinga okushisa asebusika futhi zife.
- Ukwephula ukwakheka kwezimbali ezihlinzekwe ekupheleni kwehlobo, i-strawberry mite idala umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni hhayi nje zamanje, kodwa nangonyaka olandelayo, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungabhubhisa ngaphezu kwengxenye yemiphumela elindelekile. Izinambuzane zifinyelela ekwandeni okuphezulu kwenani lazo emasimini ngeminyaka emi-3-4.
Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukungazinaki ukutheleleka kwezithombo ngezibungu zesicabucabu, kunezindlela eziphumelelayo zokulwa.
Indlela yokubhekana nama-strawberry nezibungu zesicabucabu
Ukulwa nezibungu zesicabucabu, amakhambi amakhemikhali, e-biological kanye nabantu akhethiwe. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nezithelo, kungcono ukusebenzisa amakhambi esintu. Uma kukhona imikhaza eminingi futhi isikhathi sokuqhakaza singakaqali, ungakhetha ikhambi elenziwe ngomumo lokwelapha izitshalo kusuka kumakhizane. Imakethe iwanikeza ngebanga elibanzi.
Kulabo abamelene nekhemistri, izindlela zebhayoloji zokucubungula zingalulekwa, kodwa zibiza kakhulu.
Amakhemikhali
Isilinganiso esisebenzayo sokulawula izinambuzane zasengadini, lapho ungasusa khona ama-90 kuye kwangama-95% abantu baso, ukugunda inqwaba eluhlaza ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuna. Izimo zenqubo enjalo akufanele zephuze, ngoba isitshalo sidinga ukukhulisa umqhele wamaqabunga. Khona-ke udinga ukufaka isicelo izikhathi ezintathu, kanye nesikhawu sesonto, ufafaza indawo ehlanzekile ngesikhawu sezinsuku eziyi-10-14. Kunconywa ukushintsha ama-agent okugqoka, njengoba umkhaza usheshe ujwayele izibulala-zinambuzane.
Lapho ukhetha i-ejenti yokwelashwa, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda imiyalo yokusebenzisa futhi uyilandele ngokuqinile. Thatha izinyathelo zokuphepha.
Ngenxa yokuthi izinambuzane eziningi zitholakala phansi kwesihlahla sama-strawberry ezindaweni ezivulekile noma ezingakavulwa, ngisho namalungiselelo asebenza kahle anganikeza umphumela ongagculisi. Isizathu siwukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuletha isixazululo esisebenzayo ezindaweni ezihlala imikhaza okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula, nge-infestation ephawulekayo ye-mite, zonke izitshalo ze-berry kufanele zifafazwe ngo-3% we-boric liquid.
Amakhambi abantu
Entwasahlobo, ngokuthuthukiswa kwamaqabunga okuqala amaqabunga ngesikhathi sokubeka futhi kabili ngemva kokuvuna, izinambuzane zingabhujiswa ngokufakwa kwekhasi lika-anyanisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele i-200 g yeqabunga elomile ngebhakede lamanzi izinsuku ezingu-4-5, ubunzima.
Ekulweni ne-parasite ye-strawberry, ukufafaza nge-decoction yamaqabunga e-tomato kusebenza kahle. Ukukhiqizwa kwayo, i-1 kg yesisindo esiluhlaza esomile ithululelwa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi afudumele futhi ifakwe amahora angama-3-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukumnika, abilisiwe amahora angu-2-3, kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1: 2, 40 g yensipho yokuwasha. Sebenzisa ngenhloso ehlosiwe: ukucubungula imibhede ngama-strawberries.
Lapho utshala ama-strawberries, kunconywa ukunisela ngamanzi kagalikhi: 200 gr. nquma ugarliki, uthele ibhakede lamanzi uhlanganise kahle. Ukuthuthukisa umphumela, izitshalo eziphathwayo kufanele zimbozwe ngefilimu amahora ambalwa. Ukufafaza kunconywa kuphela ngemuva kokuvuna. Enqubweni yokuqaliswa, amaqabunga amancane kufanele abe nomswakama kakhulu, njenge-strawberry mite, iningi lawo ligcinwa kuwo.
Ngokumelene nezibungu ze-strawberry, kuyaphumelela ukufudumeza inhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, emva kokuvuna, sika wonke amaqabunga, sebenzisa isishisi segesi izinsuku ezingu-3-5, bese unisela izitshalo kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kwezihlahla kufika ekuhlumeni, ukuphakela kanye nendawo yokukhosela ebusika.
siderates
Ezinye izitshalo zingavikela ama-strawberries ezinambuzaneni:
| Ubhontshisi | Lenza imisebenzi eminingana ewusizo, okuhlanganisa ukuvuna, ukuhlobisa uthango, uthango, nokuvikela izithombo zamasitrobheli emakhazeni. Amabhontshisi we-Lima angcono kakhulu kulokhu. |
| I-Lavender | Amafutha abalulekile kanye ne-camphor alesi sitshalo esihle axosha imikhaza. Kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancane. |
| I-Cat Mint | Isitshalo esisakazeka kancane esinephunga elimnandi, kodwa izibungu azikwazi ukumelana naso. |
| I-tansy evamile | Isitshalo esingenasizotha esimila ngisho emhlabathini wobumba. Inephunga le-camphor elixosha imikhaza nezinye izinambuzane eziyingozi. |
Ukuvimbela ukubonakala
Ungakwazi ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezibungu zesicabucabu emibhedeni ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Thenga izithombo zamasitrobheli ezitolo ezithembekile.
- Ama-Strawberry kufanele atshalwe ngendlela yokuthi isihlahla ngasinye sinomoya omuhle, asikwazi ukutshalwa emibhedeni enomthunzi futhi enomswakama.
- Nakekela isitshalo kahle, susa ukhula, ukhula, unikeze ukugqoka okuphezulu okufika ngesikhathi.
- Uma kutholakala izihlahla ezinegciwane, zisuse ngokushesha futhi uzishise ngaphandle kwesiza.
Izinhlobo zama-strawberry ezimelana nezimbuzane
Amahlathi nama-strawberries anezithelo ezincane awahlaselwa imikhaza. Manje sekuvelile izinhlobo zamasitrobheli asengadini ezimelana nezimbuzane. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ama-parasites awakwazi ukuhlala kuso noma ama-strawberries awadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa lezi zinhlobo zibekezelela ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane futhi ziphile kangcono. Lezi izinhlobo:
- Zenga-Zenganu;
- Uju;
- Elsantu;
- I-Albion;
- Umfundi webanga lokuqala;
- I-Cinderella yaseKuban;
- Okunsomi;
- Anastasia;
- Kokinskaya dawn;
- Ukuhlanza libalele;
- Ukuphuma kwelanga;
- Kokinskaya dawn;
- I-Viola;
- Umama;
- Slavtych.
Ezindaweni lapho i-spider mite iba inhlekelele yangempela, kungcono ukhethe izinhlobo ezimelana naso.
Ukucubungula izithombo
Ukutshala ama-strawberries, kufanele usebenzise izithombo ezinempilo kuphela. Uma usebenzisa izithombo zokukhiqiza kwethu, kunconywa ukuthi izitshalo ezincane zicwiliswe emanzini ashisayo ikota yehora ngaphambi kokutshala, bese zihlanjululwa ngamanzi abandayo bese zitshalwa emhlabathini.
Lokhu kwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe kungakapheli maphakathi no-Agasti: izithombo zasebusika kufanele zibe nezimpande ezinhle, ezinamahlamvu ama-3-5 kanye nehlumela lokukhula elithuthuke kahle. Ngemuva kokuthola ama-rudiments we-strawberry mite, ukulimala kwezihlahla eziseduze kwazo kufanele kulungiswe.
Ngaphambilini