Okuqukethwe
Imikhaza iyingozi kubantu nasezilwaneni, idala izifo eziningi kanye nokungezwani komzimba nezinto eziningi. Bangakwazi ukungena endlini hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokungcola, kodwa futhi besuka emgwaqweni, banamathele ezingutsheni futhi bathwalwe ekhaya, bangakwazi futhi ukudlula izilwane ezifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ngaphambi nangemva kokuhamba ehlathini noma ekuhlanzeni.
Imikhaza iyakwazi ukuphila ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene, ijwayele ukufinyelela ekudleni, izinga lokushisa, isimo sezulu nezinye izici. Azincikile ekutholeni ukudla njalo futhi zingaphila ngaphandle kwamanzi. Izakhamuzi zamafulethi nezindlu zingaba izakhamuzi zaphakade noma izivakashi ezingahleliwe ezingena emagcekeni ngokusebenzisa abantu noma izilwane.
Ihlala kuphi imikhaza
Imikhaza ingeyesigaba sama-arachnids futhi itholakala ngamanani amakhulu, anezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-40. Bahlala emhlabeni wonke. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, imikhaza emunca igazi yomndeni wakwa-Ixodid noma i-Argasidae iwusongo oluthile kubantu. Bahlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu, ngokuvamile otshanini obude, ezihlahleni ezindlini zasemaphandleni, emahlathini, osebeni lwemifula nasemihosheni. Bangakwazi ukuhlala ezindlini isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile izinyanga ezimbalwa, befika lapho ngezingubo noma balethwe ekhaya yizilwane ezifuywayo ngemva kokuhamba ngezinyawo noma eduze namapulazi anezilwane.
Ingakanani iminyaka yokuphila kwemikhaza
Ukuphila kwemikhaza kuncike esimweni sezulu, izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama. Lezi zidalwa ezikwazi ukumelana nezimo zingaphila iminyaka eyi-10-12, zingene ezithombeni ezimisiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle. Ngokuvamile, isilinganiso sabo sokuphila siyiminyaka emithathu. Zingahlala ezingutsheni, kodwa isikhathi esifushane kuphela, njengoba zidinga umswakama ophezulu ukuze zinamathisele inyamazane yazo. Ngemva kokulunywa, imikhaza ingahlala emzimbeni kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni amabili ize igcwale igazi bese iwa. Lapho zidla ngokuthula, zingakhula ngosayizi izikhathi ezifika ku-120, zigcine imisoco.
Umjikelezo wokuphila komkhaza
Amakhizane adlula ezigabeni ezihlukahlukene zokukhula. Abesilisa bayafa ngemva kokuzala, kodwa abesifazane bayaqhubeka nokudla, njengoba bedinga igazi ukuze bakhiqize amaqanda, okubenza babe abathwali abakhulu bezifo. Owesifazane oyedwa uyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezi-1 kuya kweziyi-2 ngaphambi kokufa, futhi lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Izigaba zokuthuthukisa ithikhi zifaka:
- Isibungu esikhula ngosayizi izikhathi eziyi-10 phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2-8 futhi siqhuma sibe inyoni ezinyangeni ezi-1-8. Izibungu zomkhaza zivame ukudla izinyoni namagundane futhi zinamapheya ama-3 emilenze.
- I-Nymph, isikhathi sokuguqulwa kwayo sibe umuntu omdala sisuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-7. Ama-nymphs ophawu angatholakala ezilwaneni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nabantu, futhi abe namapheya angu-4 emilenze.
- Umuntu omdala, omelwe abesifazane nabesilisa. Ezisikazi zinemizimba emikhulu futhi zidla igazi ukuze zikhiqize amaqanda, kuyilapho abesilisa befuna abesifazane ukuze bazalane.
Ukuphila kwemikhaza ezimeni ezahlukene zemvelo
Umjikelezo wokuphila komkhaza uncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo, isimo sezulu, izinga lokushisa, izinga lomoya kanye nokutholakala kokudla. Ubude besikhathi sokuphila singasukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuye eminyakeni embalwa kuye ngalezi zimo.
Izici eziyinhloko ezithonya iminyaka yokuphila kwemikhaza:
- Izinhlobo nendawo yokuhlala;
- Ambient lokushisa kanye nomswakama;
- Ukutholakala kokudla kanye nekhwalithi yomoya.
Ngokwesibonelo, ngemva kokulunywa, umkhaza ungaphila kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya evikini, kanti abantu abadala bangaphila iminyaka emihlanu. Imikhaza ingaphila ngaphandle komoya, kodwa ithanda izindawo ezifudumele nezimanzi ekhaya.
Umjikelezo wokuphila kwemikhaza efulethini ungakhawulwa ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili ngenxa yesimo esingesihle. Uma umkhaza usemzimbeni womuntu, ngokuvamile awunyakazi cishe isigamu sehora, bese ugcwala igazi futhi ungakhula ngosayizi ufinyelele kumasentimitha amathathu.
Kungani imikhaza iyingozi?
Lesi sigaba se-arachnids sihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-50, ezinye zazo ezingaba yingozi ezitshalweni, zisakaze izifo ezithathelwanayo futhi zibangele ukungezwani komzimba.
Izibungu zasendlini ezingamunyi igazi zingabangela ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezinkinga zendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu njenge-angioedema ne-urticaria. Izibungu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba ngokuvamile azibeki ingozi kubantu abanempilo, kodwa, ngokuzivikela okubuthakathaka noma ukungahlanzeki komuntu siqu, umsebenzi wabo ungabangela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene ze-dermatological.
Imikhaza yasehlathini ingaba abathwali bezifo eziyingozi ezifana ne-encephalitis, borreliosis kanye ne-yellow fever. Bangakwazi futhi ukuthwala i-helminths, ethwala imikhaza egazini lezilwane ezinesifo.
Ukuze ugweme ukulunywa yilaba bantu abamunca igazi abayingozi, kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo umuzi wakho, izingubo zokugqoka kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo ngemva kokuvakashela izindawo ezinotshani obude, njengamapaki nezindawo zokudlala.
Indlela yokulwa nemikhaza?
Lapho uhlangana nemikhaza ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo. Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele nezinomswakama, izibungu zasendlini zingazalana. Ukuze uziqede, kuyasiza ukufaka umoya egumbini futhi usebenzise ama-dehumidifiers ukunciphisa umswakama womoya ube ngu-40%. Ukuhlanzwa njalo kwephansi kanye nefenisha ene-upholstered kanye nezindwangu nakho kuzosiza ekunciphiseni inani lama-parasite.
Ukuze uvimbele izimo ezinhle zezibungu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba, kubalulekile ukugcina inhlanzeko, sebenzisa insipho kanye nemikhiqizo ekhethekile enciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-sebum. Ababungazi bangase bahehe imikhaza ngenkathi befuna umaqondana, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha.
Ukuqedwa kwezibungu ezimunca igazi kungenzeka kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile afana nezihibe, izingwegwe noma ama-tweezers. Kubalulekile ukususa umkhaza ngokucophelela futhi uphathe indawo elunywe kuyo nge-antiseptic. Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka okungenzeka, kuyadingeka ukuvakashela udokotela ngemva kokukhipha umkhaza futhi uhlole ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufanele.
Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa:
Imikhaza ingavela kuphi endlini?
Izibungu zingahlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ekhaya, okuhlanganisa izingubo zokulala, izitshalo, amashalofu ekhabethe, namakhabethe asekhishini. Lapho kuqala ukutholwa, kutuswa ukuthintana nesevisi ekhethekile yokwelashwa kochwepheshe kwezakhiwo.
Imikhaza ingavelaphi?
Imikhaza ingangena ekhaya ngezingubo ukusuka emgwaqweni noma ngezilwane ezifuywayo. Bangakwazi futhi ukuthuthela kuvulandi besuka emagatsheni esihlahla noma kwamanye amakamelo. Ngenxa yekhono lazo lokuphila ngaphandle kokudla isikhathi eside, indawo yazo eqondile ingase ingacaci.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma umkhaza utholakala?
Uma umkhaza utholakala, kutuswa ukuthintana nesikhungo sezokwelapha ukuze ususwe ngendlela ephephile. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuhlola indawo yokuhlala kanye nezingubo zokugqoka lapho kukhona amanye amakhizane, kanye nokuhlanza igumbi nokulifaka umoya.
Umkhaza ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani kumuntu?
Imikhaza ewela kumuntu ngokuvamile iphila kusukela emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Baqala ukudla ngegazi ngemva kwesikhashana sokuphumula esikhumbeni. Uma kwenzeka ukulunywa, kubalulekile ukukhipha ngokuphepha futhi uphathe indawo yokulunywa nge-antiseptic.
