Thika amaphilisi abantu: ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwemiphumela yokuhlasela kwe-parasite eyingozi

Kungani ukulunywa umkhaza kuyingozi?

Ukuluma komkhaza ngokwawo akuyingozi ukwedlula ukulunywa kwanoma yisiphi esinye isinambuzane esimunca igazi. Kodwa ubuqili be-parasite busemandleni ayo okuthwala izifo ezithwala imikhaza, okubangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezimbi - i-encephalitis, isifo se-Lyme nabanye. Njengomthetho, lezi zifo zinzima, zidinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside futhi, ezimweni ezinzima, zibangela ukukhubazeka kumuntu.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokulunywa umkhaza

Ngesikhathi sokulunywa, umkhaza ubhoboza isikhumba somuntu ohlukunyeziwe, usilungise ngamazinyo akhethekile bese ufaka i-proboscis yayo enxebeni.

Ngesikhathi sokumunca, amathe ezinambuzane, aqukethe amagciwane, angena egazini lomuntu olunyiwe.

Uma umkhaza uphuza igazi isikhathi eside, ayanda amathuba okutheleleka.

Imithi yokulunywa umkhaza

Ayikho imithi ethize yokwelapha izifo ezithwalwa umkhaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukunquma ngokuthembekile ukuthi ngabe umuntu ungenwe yini ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlasela kwe-bloodsucker. Umkhaza okhishiwe ungathathwa ukuze uhlaziywe, kodwa ngisho noma kuvela ukuthi ungumthwali wesifo, lokhu akusho ukuthi isisulu sizogula. Odokotela bavame ukunikeza ukwelashwa kwe-prophylactic, futhi imithi isetshenziswa njalo uma, ngemva kokulunywa yizinambuzane, isisulu siqala izimpawu zokutheleleka.

Umuthi ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza: ama-antibiotics

Ekwelapheni izisulu zokulunywa yi-bloodsucker, i-amoxicillin noma i-doxycycline isetshenziswa kaningi. Ama-antibiotics awasebenzi ngokumelene ne-encephalitis, kodwa ayasebenza ngokumelene ne-borrelia, amagciwane abangela isifo se-Lyme. Kunconywa ukwenza i-prophylaxis ephuthumayo kuphela emahoreni okuqala angu-72 ngemva kokulunywa.

Imithi elwa namagciwane yokulunywa komkhaza

Imibono yochwepheshe mayelana nokululekwa kokuthatha ama-antiviral ngemva kokuhlukana komkhaza. Abanye odokotela banikeza i-prophylaxis ephuthumayo nge-rimantadine noma i-iodantipyrine.

I-Yodantipyrine

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-iodantipyrine isetshenziswa njenge-antiviral therapy. Ngaphambili leli thuluzi lalisetshenziswa njengelebula le-isotopu ocwaningweni loketshezi lomzimba. Njengamanje, umuthi ubekwe njenge-ejenti elwa nokuvuvukala ne-antiviral ebanzi.

Ukwakhiwa

Into esebenzayo: iodophenazone 100 mg; izingxenye ezisizayo: isitashi samazambane, i-dextrose, i-magnesium stearate.

Isenzo sempilo

Inani lomuthi lilele esenzweni sawo sokulwa ne-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-iodantipyrin ine-interferonogenic, anti-inflammatory, imiphumela ye-immunostimulatory.

Izinkomba

Inkomba yokuthatha umuthi ukwelashwa nokuvimbela i-encephalitis ethwalwa yimikhaza.

Ukungafani

Umuthi uphikisana neziguli ezine-hyperthyroidism, kanye nabantu abathintekayo ezingxenyeni zomuthi.

Indlela yokuphatha kanye nesilinganiso

Irejimeni yesilinganiso esiphezulu somuthi ikhethwa udokotela.

Ukwamukelwa okuvame ukunqunywa kanje: ukwelashwa kwe-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza: ezinsukwini ezi-2 zokuqala ngemuva kokulunywa, 0,3 g / 3 izikhathi ngosuku, ngosuku lwesi-3 nolwesine, 4 g / 0,2 izikhathi ngosuku. , ngezinsuku zesi-3 nezilandelayo, 5 g / izikhathi ezi-0,1 ngosuku.

Ngezinhloso ze-prophylactic, umuthi uvame ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo. Amathebulethi athathwa kuphela ngemuva kokudla.

Imiphumela emibi

Kwezinye izimo, ngemva kokuthatha i-jodantipyrine, ukungezwani komzimba, isicanucanu, nokuvuvukala kwenzeka.

Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezibangelwa ukulunywa

Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezibangelwa izifo ezithwalwa umkhaza kuzophumelela kakhulu uma kuqalwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu ezishaqisayo. Ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga futhi kunikeze ithuba lokululama ngokugcwele.

I-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza

Isikhathi sokufukamela se-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza sisukela ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuye kwezingama-28. Imvamisa, ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-7-14 ngemuva kokulunywa.

Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo kwenzeka 2 izigaba. Esigabeni sokuqala, izimpawu aziqondile: umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bekhanda nemisipha, i-photophobia.

Izimpawu zihambisana nezimpawu ze-SARS, ngakho-ke isiguli asihlali sifuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele. Isigaba sokuqala se-encephalitis sithatha izinsuku ezimbili kuya kweziyi-2, emva kwalokho okuthiwa "ukululama" kwenzeka - isiguli sizizwa kahle, izimpawu ziyanyamalala.

Lesi sigaba singahlala kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-21, emva kwalokho isigaba sesibili sesifo siqala, esinezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Iziguli eziningi ziba ne-meningitis kanye ne-meningoencephalitis phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

Ukubonakaliswa kwesigaba sesibili se-encephalitis: ikhanda, ikakhulukazi esifundeni se-occipital, ukuqina kwentamo, i-photophobia, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza kanye nomkhuhlane. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukukhubazeka, i-paresis, ukwazi ukukhubazeka kuze kufike ku-coma, ukuphazamiseka kobuntu kwenzeka.

ukuhlola

Ukuxilongwa "kwe-encephalitis ethwala umkhaza" kuqinisekiswa izimpawu ze-meningitis/meningoencephalitis, ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba athile e-IgM ne-IgG egazini, nokwanda kwenani lamaseli oketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal.

Ukwelashwa kwe-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza

Njengamanje, azikho izindlela eziqondile zokwelapha i-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza, ukwelashwa kuyizimpawu. Ukwelashwa kwenzeka esibhedlela futhi kuncike ekutheni isimo sesiguli sinzima kangakanani kanye nezimpawu zesifo.

Ama-painkillers, ama-anti-inflammatory drugs, antipyretics, antiviral kanye nama-antiemetics asetshenziswa njengokwelapha. Futhi izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswayo ukugcina ibhalansi ye-fluid ne-electrolyte futhi, uma kunesidingo, ama-anticonvulsants.

Umtholampilo we-Lyme isifo

Ngemva kwamasonto angu-3-8, izimpawu eziyinhloko ziyanyamalala futhi umuntu uzizwa enempilo, kodwa isifo siyaqhubeka. Kunokuphazamiseka emsebenzini wezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo: isibindi, izinso, izinzwa nezinhlelo zenhliziyo.

Odokotela bahlukanisa izigaba ezi-3 ze-borreliosis.

Ngamunye wabo unezimpawu ezithile kanye nokuqina, ngokuvamile phakathi kwezigaba zesifo kunezikhathi lapho isiguli sizizwa siphilile, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuxilongwa. Izimpawu zesigaba 1 sesifo seLyme:

• i-erythema migrans, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba;
• imfiva, imfiva;
• ikhanda kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha;
• ukuwohloka kwenhlalakahle evamile, ukukhathala;
• isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• i-photophobia.

Isigaba sesibili sisukela ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-3. Ngalesi sikhathi, amabhaktheriya asakazeka ngenkuthalo kuwo wonke umzimba futhi athinte izitho zangaphakathi. Izimpawu zesigaba sesi-2 se-Lyme:

• ikhanda elibuhlungu elihlabayo;
• ukwephulwa kokuzwela kwezitho;
• ukukhubazeka ngokomzwelo, ukucasuka;
• i-radiculopathy ye-peripheral;
• i-palpitations, ukuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba;
• ukukhubazeka kwe-cranial nerve.

Isigaba sesithathu se-borreliosis siqala ezinyangeni ezingu-6-24. Imvamisa, lesi sifo sitholwa futhi selashwe ngempumelelo kusenesikhathi. Esigabeni se-3, ukulimala kwezitho zangaphakathi akunakulungiseka, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwe-autoimmune kuyabonakala. Izimpawu:

• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
• i-meningitis;
• isithuthwane, i-psychoses;
• isifo samathambo, imisipha ebuhlungu;
• i-atrophy yesikhumba.

Ukuxilongwa Kwesifo Se-Lyme

Esigabeni sokuqala, isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokutheleleka ukuvela kwe-erythema kanye nezimpawu ezifana ne-SARS. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa kokugcina, izindlela ezilandelayo zaselabhorethri zisetshenziswa:

• Ucwaningo lwe-PCR;
• ukuhlolwa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-immunosorbent;
• ukuhlolwa kwe-microscopic ukuthola i-borrelia.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo se-Lyme

Ukwelashwa kwe-borreliosis kuhloswe ukubhubhisa amagciwane emzimbeni wesiguli nokugcina ukusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi. Imvamisa, iziguli zidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngomnyango wezifo ezithathelwanayo.

Esigabeni sokuqala, isifo seLyme siphathwa ngempumelelo ngama-antibiotic eqembu le-tetracycline; uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa nenhliziyo, ama-penicillin nama-cephalosporins anqunyelwe.

Ngokuhambisanayo, izidakamizwa ezingezona ze-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-analgesic, i-physiotherapy futhi, uma kunesidingo, kusetshenziswa i-detoxification therapy.

Ukuvimbela

Izifo ezithwalwa umkhaza ziyingozi enkulu empilweni yomuntu nasempilweni. Ukuze unciphise ingozi yokutheleleka, kunconywa ukusebenzisa isethi yezinyathelo zokuvimbela:

1. Ukugoma. Njengamanje, kunomuthi wokugomela kuphela i-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza. Le ndlela yokuvimbela isetshenziswe amashumi eminyaka ambalwa futhi ikwazile ukukhombisa ukusebenza kwayo. Ungagonywa mahhala emtholampilo lapho uhlala khona.
2. Ukuze uhambe endaweni yehlathi, kufanele ukhethe izingubo ezikhethekile zokuzivikela: kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ibe ngumthunzi okhanyayo, izingubo zangaphandle kufanele zifakwe ebhulukweni, namabhulukwe abe amasokisi namabhuzu. Qinisekisa ukuthi ugqoke izigqoko kanye ne-hood.
3. Qinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile ukuxosha nokubhubhisa imikhaza - ama-chemical repellents nama-acaricides;
4. Ngesikhathi sohambo, ukuhlolwa komzimba nezingubo kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngemizuzu engama-30.