I-Earth mite: izinhlobo, isakhiwo nesimo, umsoco kanye nendlela yokuphila, ukuvimbela

Indima yezibungu zomhlabathi emvelweni

Umhlabathi uqukethe izingxenye eziphilayo nezingaphili ezikhona ezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene. Izibungu zenhlabathi zivumela ama-microorganisms ukuthi abe khona ngokuphelele enhlabathini, futhi aphinde abambe iqhaza ekuqinisweni kwenqwaba ye-humus, enze umsebenzi obalulekile ekuguqulweni kwamaminerali, okuvumela izitshalo ukuba zikhule emhlabathini, futhi zisebenze njengababhubhisi bezinto eziphilayo.

Izici zezibungu zomhlabathi

Inhlabathi noma izibungu zomhlaba ama-arthropods amancane ohlobo lwe-arachnid, anesakhiwo esikhethekile somzimba esivumela ukuthi ikwazi ukuququda amagobolondo aqinile ezitshalo futhi yenze amaphaseji.

Isakhiwo kanye nefomu

Ama-parasites omhlabathi anezici ezilandelayo ze-morphological:

• usayizi womzimba 0,2-1 mm;
• umzimba oval onobuso obucwebezelayo, umthunzi ophuzi, okhanyayo;
• 4 amapheya ezitho;
• kunezinzipho ezinamandla, ngenxa yokuthi izinambuzane zidla ukunyakaza kwaso emhlabathini.

Umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kwezibungu zomhlabathi

Umjikelezo wokuphila wezibungu zomhlabathi awuhlukani nomjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa wabanye abameleli balesi sigaba se-arthropods futhi uhlanganisa izigaba ezilandelayo zokuthuthuka: iqanda, isibungu, i-nymph, umuntu omdala. Izinambuzane zizalana ezimpandeni nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ezinsikazi zizala kakhulu futhi zikwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-200-300 ezindaweni ezilimele zezitshalo.

Imvelo yokudla

Ngokusho kohlobo lokudla, ama-arachnids ahlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana:

Izinhlobo zezibungu ezihlala emhlabathini

Emhlabathini, ezimpandeni nasezigabeni zezitshalo, izinhlobo ezi-2 zezibungu zihlala: i-tyrophagus ne-rhizoglyphus.

I-Rhizoglyphus

I-Rhizoglyphus noma i-bulb mite ingadla izinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla: u-anyanisi, amazambane, amagilebhisi, izitshalo zokuhlobisa kanye nezinhlamvu. Ubukhulu bomuntu omdala buyi-0,8-1 mm., Umzimba mude, uphuzi ngombala. Izitho zifushane futhi ziwugqinsi, ngayinye yazo inama-spikes amakhulu.

Uma isibani sinomonakalo owenziwe ngomshini, izinambuzane zingena phakathi kwazo futhi zidle amajusi awo. Uma kungekho monakalo, ubhoboza izimbobo yedwa ngosizo lwezinzipho ezinamandla.

Ikhetha umswakama ophezulu, izimo ezikhululekile kakhulu kuyo ziyi-100% umswakama kanye nokushisa okuphezulu - izinqubo zokuphila zomkhaza zisheshisa kakhulu kakade ekushiseni kwama-+15 degrees. I-onion mite yesifazane ikwazi ukubeka amaqanda angaba ngu-800, lapho izibungu zivela ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10, eziqala ngokushesha ukudla.

I-Tyrophagus

Elinye igama lalolu hlobo lwe-parasite yi-putrefactive mite. Isici saso siyisimo esinde kanye nekhono lokubangela umonakalo omkhulu esithelweni. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, i-parasite ihlala ezingqimbeni ezijulile zenhlabathi, kodwa ngokwanda okukhulu komswakama, iya esitshalweni, inikeze ukukhetha amahlumela amancane.

Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-tyrophagus zihlanganisa:

• ukomiswa kwama-bulb kanye nokuvela kwamabala kuwo;
• ukuguqula ingaphakathi lezilimo eziyizigaxa zibe uthuli;
• ukubonakala kwezicubu ezinsundu ezinezibazi endaweni engaphakathi yamaqabunga, ngaphandle okufana ne-plaque.

Indlela eyinhloko yokulawula izinambuzane zalolu hlobo ukulawulwa komswakama wenhlabathi. Izinto zokutshala kufanele zigcinwe ekamelweni elomile, kufanele kufudunyezwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Ama-bulb anomonakalo akufanele asetshenziswe, kodwa asuswe ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ezinegciwane, i-phytoverm, i-nissoran, amalungiselelo e-sunmite asetshenziswa.

I-Earth mite: izimpawu zokutheleleka

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, izinambuzane zihlala ezindaweni ezijulile zenhlabathi. Uma ama-arthropods ebonakala endaweni ephansi, khona-ke inombolo yawo yeqe amanani avumelekile futhi anda ngokushesha kakhulu. Ezinye izimpawu zokuhlasela kwezibungu zomhlaba zihlanganisa:

• ukubonakala endaweni yezimpande zesitshalo se-grooves eminingi, lapho kubonakala khona uthuli olumhlophe oluncane;
• ama-bulbs ayashwabana futhi ome, iminonjana yokubola ibonakala;
• izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyaxega, zibole, zihlakazeke ezandleni;
• ukwehla kokukhula kwezitshalo, ukuguqulwa kwe-primordia yeziqu zezimbali;
• iphunga elibolile liphuma emhlabathini;
• izimbobo ezincane zibonakala emaqabunga, afana nokubhoboza inaliti;
• ukuba khona kwamagobolondo ezibungu emhlabathini;
• enamathela ansundu ezindaweni ezingaphakathi amaqabunga.

Ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukubona izinambuzane ngeso lenyama, kodwa zibonakala ngokucacile ngengilazi ekhulisayo.

Izibungu zomhlabathi: izindlela zokulawula

Ukulwa nama-parasites emhlabathini kufanele kube okuphelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izindlela zamakhemikhali, zomzimba nezesintu.

Ukuchayeka ngamakhemikhali

Amakhemikhali ayindlela yokugcina yokulawula izinambuzane. Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi nakuba izidakamizwa zesimanje zinobuthi obuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, zisengalimaza umuntu.

Izibulala-zinambuzane

Ama-insecticide abizwa ngokuthi izidakamizwa ezingezona eziqondile, isenzo esiqondiswe ezinhlotsheni eziningana zezinambuzane. Ukuze ulwe nezibungu zomhlabathi, kungakuhle ukusebenzisa lezi zidakamizwa ezilandelayo:

Ama-Acaricides

Isenzo samalungiselelo e-acaricidal siqondiswe kubameleli besigaba se-arachnid. Amakhemikhali akha ama-acaricidal agents abangela ukukhubazeka nokufa kwemikhaza. Amalungiselelo alandelayo abonise ukusebenza kahle okukhulu ekulweni nezimuncagazi zomhlabathi:

umthelela womzimba

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izitshalo kanye nokubhujiswa kwezibungu zomhlabathi, ngaphezu kokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, kuhle ukwenza isethi yezinyathelo ezengeziwe.

Ukuhlanza umhlabathi nokuhlunga

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza kabusha okusebenzayo kwezibungu zenhlabathi umswakama oweqile kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezingaboli.

Lezi zinkomba zingenziwa ngokujwayelekile ngokuhlanza nokuhlunga inhlabathi nokubuyisela ibhalansi yayo.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa inani lokunisela, ezitshalweni zasendlini, dala amanzi phansi ebhodweni.

Ukutshala isitshalo emhlabathini oyinyumba

Uma umhlaba ugcwele izimuncagazi, kuyodingeka ushintshwe kufakwe omusha. Ukuze isimo ngokubonakala kwenani elikhulu lama-parasite singenzeki futhi, kunconywa ukuba inzalo inhlabathi. Ungakwenza lokhu ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• bhaka kuhhavini kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lenhlabathi lifinyelela kuma-degree angu-80;
• ukushisa ku-microwave imizuzwana engu-90;
• pheka epanini, ulale emanzini abilayo futhi ulinde imizuzu engu-15.

Ukucwilisa izimpande zezitshalo emanzini

Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, izimpande zesitshalo kufanele futhi zibulawe amagciwane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukususa ngokuphelele inhlabathi endala kubo, ususe inani eliphakeme lenhlabathi ngomshini, bese ufaka izimpande eziningana ngokushintsha kwamanzi.

Izindlela zokupheka zabantu

Kukhona futhi izindlela zokupheka zesintu zokubulala amagciwane ezitshalweni kanye nokulwa nezimuncagazi zomhlabathi.

I-decoction ye-tansy

I-decoction ye-tansy izosiza ukuqeda amagciwane ezimpandeni zesitshalo futhi kuvimbele ukuvela kabusha kwezibungu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulungiselela i-decoction: 100 gr. i-tansy eyomile uthele 1 litre lamanzi bese ubilisa imizuzu engu-15. Pholisa uketshezi oluvelayo, bese wehlisa izimpande noma ama-bulb esitshalo esinegciwane kuwo isigamu sehora.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka

Imvamisa, izibungu ziqala ezitshalweni ezinama-bulbous. Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka ngalezi zinambuzane, kutuswa ukuba uhambisane nezincomo ezilandelayo:

• izimbali zasendlini ezinamabhodwe kufanele zinikezwe amanzi amahle, izitshalo akufanele ziniselwe ngokweqile, i-pallet kufanele igcinwe yomile;
• impahla yokutshala inconywa ukuthi igcinwe emaphaketheni avaliwe, endaweni emnyama futhi enethezekile ngokomswakama, kufanele ibulawe amagciwane ngaphambi kokutshala;
• lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zokutheleleka, izinyathelo zokuziqeda kufanele zithathwe ngokushesha.