Igundane lemvukuzane enkulu nezici zalo: umehluko kumvukuzane
Uma cishe wonke umuntu azi ngama-moles, khona-ke izakhamuzi zasehlobo kuphela ezinolwazi nabalimi bezwe ngamagundane imvukuzane. Lezi zilwane ezingaqondakali zidala umonakalo omkhulu ezitshalweni futhi kungaba nzima impela ukumxosha esizeni.
Okuqukethwe
Igama: Igundane elivamile, laseNingizimu Russian kanye nemvukuzane enamehlo amancane
Isi-Latin: I-Sphalax microphthalmusIbanga: Izilwane ezincelisayo - Mammalia
Isigcawu: Amagundane - I-Rodentia
Umndeni: Amagundane emvukuzane - Spalacidae
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | ingadi |
 | Kuyingozi ku-: | izimpande, ama-rhizomes |
 | Incazelo: | unyaka wonke isilwane esisebenzayo esinomdlandla omkhulu. |
Incazelo kanye nesithombe segundane lemvukuzane yezilwane
Amagundane emvukuzane yizilwane ezincane ezilandelanayo zamagundane. Indlela yabo yokuphila ifana nemvukuzane, kodwa ngaphandle inomehluko omkhulu.
Ukubukeka kwesilwane
Abantu abadala bangaba nesisindo esingamagremu angu-700 noma ngaphezulu. Umzimba wesilwane ufinyelela ubude obungama-20-32 cm futhi une-oblong, i-cylindrical shape. Uboya bukhulu, bufushane, bupendwe ngombala ompunga-onsuqu.
Intamo ivezwa buthaka. Imilenze mifishane kakhulu. Umsila awuthuthukisiwe futhi ufihliwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ikhanda liyingxenye ebanzi kakhulu yomzimba wesilwane futhi inomumo oyisicaba. Isilwane asinawo ama-auricles, futhi amehlo afihliwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ama-incisors abizwa futhi akhule phezu kwezindebe.
Indlela yokuphila yamagundane emvukuzane
Igundane lemvukuzane ebusweni bomhlaba liyivelakancane.
Izilwane zichitha cishe impilo yazo yonke zingaphansi komhlaba. Uhlelo lwemigodi yalesi silwane lunamagatsha amahle kakhulu futhi lunezigaba ezimbili. Okubizwa ngokuthi "i-feeding passage" yinde kunazo zonke futhi itholakala ekujuleni kuka-20-25 cm. Indawo yokuhlala yegundane lemvukuzane ifakwe izidleke zasehlobo nasebusika, kanye nezitolo zokudla.
Ngokungafani nama-moles, amagundane imvukuzane enza indlela yawo ngosizo lwama-incisors. Ukusuka enhlabathini, lapho isilwane siphusha ngaphandle, kwakhiwa izindunduma zesici - "amagundane imvukuzane". Ububanzi balo “magundane imvukuzane” bungafinyelela ku-50 cm. Ubude obuphelele bokunyakaza okwenziwa igundane elilodwa bungafinyelela ku-450 m.
Amagundane emvukuzane awangeni ebusika futhi ngenxa yalokho athola ukudla okukhulu. Amasheya ebusika wegundane elilodwa elinjalo angafinyelela ku-14 kg ngesisindo.
Sidlani isilwane
Ukudla kwamagundane emvukuzane kuqukethe ikakhulukazi ukudla kwezitshalo. Isilwane sidla ama-bulb, izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nama-rhizomes ezitshalo ezihlukahlukene. Kwesinye isikhathi igundane lingazitika ngeziqu namaqabunga amancane, eliwahudulela ngaphansi komhlaba ngokubamba i-rhizome.
Phakathi kwezitokisi zasebusika zesilwane ungathola ama-acorns, u-anyanisi, amazambane nama-beet.
Ukukhiqiza
Isitha esigqoke ijazi loboya.
Amagundane emvukuzane ngokuvamile ahlala ngamaqembu abantu abangu-2-3, kuhlanganise neduna elilodwa kanye nabesifazane abangu-1-2. Uma kukhona abesifazane abangaphezu koyedwa emndenini, baletha inzalo ngokulandelana.
Amawundlu azalwa entwasahlobo. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, eyeduna ishiya insikazi esibelethile futhi iye kuleyo ezozala ngonyaka ozayo.
Enzalweni eyodwa, amawundlu angama-2-3 avela. Ezinsikazi ezisencane ziqala ukuqhela komama wazo ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokuzalwa. Zihlala ngokuyinhloko eduze nendawo, ngakho ngokuvamile ziyafa zingakafiki eminyakeni emibili ubudala. Ukufa kwabafana abasebasha kuphansi kakhulu, ngoba baphuma kumama wabo kuphela ngonyaka wesibili futhi bahlala ngaphansi komhlaba.
Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwamagundane imvukuzane endle iminyaka engu-2,5-4. Ezinye izibonelo zingaphila iminyaka engu-9.
Indawo yamagundane emvukuzane
Indawo yokuhlala yamagundane imvukuzane ihlanganisa asemaqeleni, asemaqeleni amahlathi, ama-semi-desert kanye nezingwadule. Imvamisa, isilwane sitholakala emathafeni nasezindaweni eziyisicaba. Njengoba amagundane emvukuzane edla ngokuyinhloko ukudla kwezitshalo, ahlala ngenjabulo ezindaweni ezinotshani nasezindaweni ezihlanzekile. Ezimweni ezingavamile, amagundane imvukuzane angatholakala emaphethelweni amahlathi.
Cha, umbono oyiphutha lona. Izilwane zihlukile, nakuba zinendlela yokuphila efanayo.
Yebo, futhi ngamandla kakhulu. Kodwa akazihlaseli, kodwa kuphela uma ezivikela. Akazange abe nombono nhlobo futhi uma kwenzeka ingozi uhlasela wonke umuntu nakho konke, egxile ekuzweni kuphela.
Nakuba inani labantu likhulu impela, igundane lemvukuzane cishe ngeke lihlangane nalo. Uma ishaya phezulu ngephutha, iyaba yiqhwa, ilalele futhi iqondise, bese ibuyela emuva ukuze ingene ku-mink yayo.
Imuphi umonakalo odalwa yimvukuzane kumuntu
Amagundane emvukuzane ahlala eduze nezindawo zabantu abangela ukuphazamiseka nezinkinga ezinkulu. Ukulimala okukhulu ebukhoneni bamagundane esizeni lokhu okulandelayo:
- ukwephulwa kokubukeka kobuhle bezindawo zepaki;
- ukulimala kwezitshalo ezihlukahlukene emasimini nasezindaweni ezinotshani;
- ukucekelwa phansi kwezitshalo ezingadini nasemasimini;
- ukubhujiswa kwemibhede yezimbali.
Indlela yokubhekana nezinambuzane
Igundane lemvukuzane yigundane elinemikhuba efana nemvukuzane. Bavame ngisho nokudideka, ngenxa yezintandokazi ezifanayo zokudla okunomsoco. Ukulwa namagundane e-moles kwenziwa ngezindlela ezifanayo njengama-moles. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nabo, landela izixhumanisi ezingezansi ezihlokweni ze-portal.
isiphetho
Amagundane emvukuzane abangela izinkinga eziningi kumuntu, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, ukuba khona kwawo nakho kungaba yinzuzo. Lamagundane adlala indima ebalulekile ekunothisweni nasekuhlukeni kokubunjwa kwenhlabathi nezimila, futhi ezinye zezinhlobo zazo zifakwe ohlwini lwe-Red Book.
Ngaphambilini