Ibhu leklabishi liwuvemvane oluncane oluzodala izinkinga ezinkulu

Phakathi kwezinambuzane eziningi ezithinta izitshalo zomndeni wakwaCruciferous, ibhu leklabishi lithatha indawo ekhethekile. Izindimbane zalezi zinambuzane ziyakwazi ukucekela phansi izitshalo zemifino ngokuphelele ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.

Libukeka kanjani inundu leklabishi (isithombe)

Incazelo yenkathazo

Igama: ibhu yeklabishi
Isi-Latin: I-Plutella xylostella

Ibanga: Izinambuzane - isinambuzane
Isigcawu: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Umndeni: Amabhu eCrescent - Plutellidae

	Izindawo zokuhlala:	ingadi
	Kuyingozi ku-:	umndeni we-cruciferous
	Izindlela zokubhubhisa:	amakhemikhali, ubuchwepheshe bezolimo

Ibhu leklabishi uvemvane oluncane lomndeni onamaphiko amasikela. Ukulimala kwezitshalo kubangelwa izibungu eziyizinambuzane ezidla amaqabunga amnandi. Umuntu omdala ukhetha umpe we-inflorescences futhi akalimazi isiko.

Izici zebhayoloji

Butterfly iklabishi inundu.

I-butterfly yeklabishi inosayizi omncane womzimba (kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-17 mm). Amaphiko apendwe ngokumpunga noma amathunzi ahlukahlukene ansundu. I-contour ifakwe i-cilia ephathekayo ethambile. Emaphikweni angaphambili, umugqa ophuzi noma omhlophe ubonakala ngokucacile.

Ezisikazi zinomthunzi okhanyayo wamaphiko kunezinduna. Amaphiko ovemvane angama-13-16 mm. Ekuphumuleni, izimpondo zovemvane ziqondiswe phambili. Amaduna alesi sinambuzane aphila izinsuku ezingaba ngu-20, kanti ezinsikazi ziyafa ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-30.

Ibhu liqala umsebenzi osebenzayo ekupheleni kuka-April. Abantu abadala bahlala ezitshalweni zemifino zomndeni wakwaCruciferous. Okungenwa kakhulu ekulimaleni kwezinambuzane:

Amabhu asebenza kakhulu ebusuku. Uma iminyaka yezimvemvane ibonakala phakathi nosuku, khona-ke inani lezinambuzane likhulu kakhulu, ukuhlala kwazo ezitshalweni kudlula i-20% yendawo yonke yezitshalo ezitshaliwe. Ekupheleni kuka-April - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, izimvemvane zihlangana ngenkuthalo. Ngosuku olulandelayo, insikazi iqala ukubeka amaqanda. Amaqanda ama-2-5 anamathiselwe ngaphakathi kweqabunga ngemfihlo enamathelayo ekhiqizwa ngokukhethekile umuntu omdala.

Njengomphumela wokukhulelwa okukodwa, uvemvane lungabekela amaqanda angaba ngamakhulu amathathu. Sekukonke, ngesikhathi sonyaka endaweni epholile, insikazi izala cishe izizukulwane ezine.

Izimpawu zokubukeka

Unganquma ubukhona be-parasite ezitshalweni zemifino ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukubonakala kwamaqanda aphuzi ngaphakathi kweqabunga lesitshalo;
  

  Iklabishi inundu izibungu.

• ukulimala kobuqotho bamapuleti eshidi ngendlela yezimbobo ezinobukhulu obuhlukene;
• ukuba khona kwewebhu enamathelayo esiqwini, efihlekile ekhanda;
• ukuba khona kwezibungu ezingxenyeni eziphansi zesitshalo.
• ibhu eliphaphazelayo phezu kwezitshalo kusihlwa nasebusuku.

Yini eyingozi

Uvemvane osekhulile alulimazi isitshalo semifino. Izibungu zamabhu kuphela eziququda amaqabunga. Amaqabunga awonakele aba namabala, kancane kancane abune futhi awe. Ukukhula kwezitshalo kanye nokumiswa kwezithelo kwehlisa ijubane. Ngomonakalo omkhulu, lesi sitshalo siqala ukubola futhi sife. Izibungu zithuthela izitshalo ezingomakhelwane.

Uma ungathathi izinyathelo zokubhubhisa i-parasite, izibungu zebhu zingabhubhisa isitshalo esikhulile ezinsukwini ezimbili nje. Kwenzeka ukuthi ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane kucekele phansi wonke amasimu e-rapeseed ngesonto.

Izindlela zokulwa

Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izindlela zokubhubhisa i-parasite izikhathi eziningana, ngoba. zonke izigaba zokukhula kwezinambuzane zikhona kanyekanye esitshalweni. Isibungu esisanda kuchanyuselwa singaphansi kwesivikelo esiqinile semayini, ngakho-ke awekho amakhemikhali noma ama-biological agents ayawulimaza. Okuzwela kakhulu kumakhemikhali amacimbi amadala.

Ukuqeda amabhu, sebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:

• i-agrotechnical;
• ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali-ama-insecticides;
• ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo;
• izindlela zabantu.

I-Agrotechnics

Imikhuba yezolimo ivimbela ukusabalala kwezinambuzane futhi ibhubhise inundu ezinyathelweni zokuqala zokukhula kwayo.

Ukulawula izinambuzane kuhlanganisa le misebenzi elandelayo:

1. Ukuzungezisa izitshalo. Ezindaweni ezihlwanyelwe izitshalo ze-cruciferous zomunye umndeni wezitshalo zitshalwa eminyakeni elandelayo.
   

   Iqabunga leklabishi elinegciwane.

2. Ukushintshana izindawo ezitshaliwe zezitshalo ze-cruciferous ezinemigqa etshalwe nezinye izitshalo zemifino. Isibonelo, ngemuva kwensimu ye-rapeseed kunensimu yamazambane noma izitshalo zokusanhlamvu.
3. Ngemva kokuvuna kuyadingeka bhubhisa yonke imfucumfucu yezitshalo.
4. Ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukulima okujulile komhlabathi. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi nje kokuqala komkhankaso wokuhlwanyela, umcimbi kufanele uphindwe.
5. Kuso sonke isikhathi sokutshala i-cruciferous, kuyadingeka ngokuhlelekile susa ukhula izitshalo.

Abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka ukutshala izinhlobo zokuqala ze-rapeseed ukuze ekupheleni kuka-April - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi isiko libe nesikhathi sokuqina.

Izindlela zamakhemikhali

Uma usebenzisa ama-insecticide amakhemikhali, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe okungenani izinsuku ezingama-20 ngaphambi kokuqala kokuvuna. Amakhemikhali amuncwa esitshalweni angabangela ubuthi kubantu.

Amalungiselelo amakhemikhali ngokumelene nezinambuzane ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningana, ahluke komunye nomunye ngendlela abenza ngayo ku-parasite.

Iklabishi inundu ukhokho.

Isetshenziswa ngokumelene nezibungu zebhu leklabishi ama-insecticide athintana namathumbu nama-systemic. Ubuthi bungena emzimbeni wesibungu kanye ne-pulp kanye nejusi yesitshalo futhi bubangele ubuthi nokufa.

Ama-insecticides esistimu zingeniswa emhlabathini futhi, kanye nezakhamzimba, zimuncwa isilimo. Lapho izibungu zebhu zidla amaqabunga anobuthi, izinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ezidakamizwa zisebenza ohlelweni lwezinzwa zesinambuzane, okubangela ukukhubazeka. Isilokazane siyafa.

Ukwengeza kuma-agent alawula amakhemikhali asebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimuncagazi, kuneqembu elisungulwe ngokukhethekile elibizwa ngokuthi. Ama-Lavricides. Zinomphumela omubi kuphela kumacimbi futhi azibeki ingozi ezinambuzaneni ezizuzisa impova.

Okudumile kakhulu ama-insecticide amakhemikhali yilawa:

Lapho uhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwamakhemikhali namanzi, kuyadingeka ukunamathela ngokuqinile kuzilinganiso eziboniswe emiyalweni yokusetshenziswa. Isixazululo esigxile kakhulu singalimaza isitshalo. Lapho ufutha, izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zibhekwe: gqoka amagilavu ​​enjoloba kanye ne-respirator.

Kuyadingeka ukwelapha isiko ngama-insecticides amakhemikhali, kucatshangelwa isibikezelo sezulu. Uma lina ngemva kokufafaza umuthi, akufanele ulindele umphumela omuhle.

Kunconywa ukuphinda inqubo yokubhubhisa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ngisho noma zingekho izibungu noma amaqanda emaqabunga. Ngezinye izikhathi izibungu ezincane zigibela ku-ovary ye-fetus, futhi zingabonakali ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhashana.

Ibhu leklabishi liyinkathazo yezitshalo ze-cruciferous.

Izindlela zebhayoloji

isibulala-zinambuzane sezinto eziphilayo.

Izibulala-zinambuzane eziphilayo akukho ngaphansi ngempumelelo ukubhubhisa inundu iklabishi kunamakhemikhali. Zihlanganisa izifo zesikhunta kanye namagciwane e-pathogenic abangela ukufa kwezinambuzane eziyingozi. Amalungiselelo ethulwa emhlabathini, ancibilike futhi, kanye nezinye izinto, amuncwa isiko. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, inani elanele lamagciwane liqoqana ejusi yesitshalo, elinomthelela omubi kuma-parasites.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi Kuzothatha isikhathi ukubulala amagciwane. Ngakho-ke, uma izinga lokutheleleka lidlula amazinga avunyelwe, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqale usebenzise amalungiselelo amakhemikhali, bese ulungisa umphumela usebenzisa izindlela zezinto eziphilayo. I-Lepidocid ne-Bactofit yizona ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Umzimba wesibungu ungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinhlobo zamabhaktheriya ngemva kwesikhashana, ngakho-ke izinhlobo eziningana zezibulala-zinambuzane zamabhaktheriya kufanele zishintshwe.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Ukuhlasela kwebhu leklabishi kungagwenywa ngokwenza izinyathelo zokuvimbela, ezihlanganisa:

1. Ukuhlola njalo isivuno ukuthi sikhona yini izinambuzane.
2. Ukususwa kokhula ngesikhathi hhayi kuphela emibhedeni enezitshalo eziwumthombo wokudla kwamabhu, kodwa nasezitshalweni zasengadini eziseduze.
3. Abanye abalimi batshalwe eduze komjikelezo wezitshalo zemifino zomndeni wakwaCruciferous kagwayi, onephunga elimnandi elixosha abantu abadala.
4. Ungagijimisa ixoxo noma isibankwa engadini. Izibungu zovemvane ziwumthombo wazo oyinhloko wokudla.
5. Ukufafaza ingxenye engaphansi yesitshalo ngamaqabunga e-bay, ngaphambili igaywe ibe yimpushana.

Abanye abalimi bavimbela ukusabalala kwesinambuzane esiyingozi ngosizo lwezicupho.

Kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbili zama-baits: i-glue ne-glue. I-glue trap iwukulungisa esitshalweni esinesixazululo esinamathelayo sesignali ekhangayo yezimvemvane (isibonelo, into emhlophe ebonakala ngokucacile ebusuku).

Isicupho esinganamatheli senziwe ngephepha eliwugqinsi noma amakhadibhodi. Impahla igoqwe ngendlela yokuthi uvemvane olungene ogibeni lungasakwazi ukuphuma kulo.