Yini ewusizo ngesibungu sebhubesi: isosha elimnyama, elaziswa ngabadobi nabalimi

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Impukane yebhubesi noma indiza yesosha elimnyama ingummeleli ophawulekayo womndeni u-Stratiomyia chamaeleon we-oda le-Diptera. Itholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo eNingizimu Melika. Njengoba izibungu zezinambuzane zinenani elikhulu kakhulu, injongo eyinhloko yomuntu omdala iwukugcwalisa inani labantu.

Incazelo evamile yesinambuzane Impukane yesosha elimnyama (Hermetia illucens)

Naphezu kwegama, ukufana kwangaphandle kwewundlu lengonyama nempukane evamile akukho. Ifana nomnyovu, nakuba ingenabo ubuthi noma udosi.

Ukubukeka kwempukane
Lesi isinambuzane esikhulu esiphuzi esimnyama esinekhanda elibanzi eliyindilinga nobude bomzimba obufika ku-14 mm. Ibhubesi linesisu esiyisicaba sezingxenye ezi-5-8 ezibonakalayo, imilenze emifushane, amaphiko amnyama asobala kanye nezimpondo. Njengoba ubukhulu bempukane buncike kakhulu enanini lokudla elikutholile esigabeni sezibungu, abantu abavuthiwe banganikezwa idatha efanayo yebhayomethrikhi.
Ukusakaza
Namuhla, iBhubesi Elimnyama lihlala yonke indawo. Lethwe ngumuntu kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Emvelweni, itholakala eduze nezindawo zamanzi ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo, kanye naseduze nendawo yezinto eziphilayo ezibolayo: amaqabunga abolile, izinqwaba zobulongwe kanye nemfucumfucu yokudla.
Izici zabantu abadala
Le mpukane ihlukaniswa yizisetshenziswa zomlomo ezikhothayo ezingakakhiwa kahle, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukudla futhi ingaphuza kuphela. Isici sesibili sitholakala ku-dimorphism yobulili yezinambuzane ezindala. Insikazi ingabonakala kuphela ngobukhulu bayo obuncane. Uzalela amaqanda angama-500-900 ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo, okuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto.
Izici zesibungu
Ngokwesilinganiso, emva kwezinsuku ezi-4, izibungu ezincane ezinombala omhlophe noma ophuzi, ezingadluli amamilimitha amathathu ubude, ziyaphuma ku-clutch yeqanda. Izembozo zazo ezingaphezulu zigcwele i-calcium carbonate, enikeza isivikelo esinokwethenjelwa, kuzo zombili izibungu ngokwazo kanye neziphungumangathi ezakheka kamuva ngaphansi kwegobolondo.
Питание
Inzalo esanda kuzalwa idla ngosizo lwenqubo efana noqhwaku kanye namabhulashi ahambayo. Konke okungatholakala kusetshenziselwa ukudla: indle yezinyoni, indle, izinto eziphilayo, inyama neminye imikhiqizo. Okuhlukile yi-cellulose. Izibungu zesosha elimnyama zibonakala ngezinga eliminyene kakhulu lokugcwaliswa kwe-substrate. Esitsheni esisodwa sikadoti, kungenzeka ukuthi kuhlanganiswe amawundlu angamabhubesi ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu, akwazi ukucubungula okungaphezu kuka-90% "okudliwayo" emahoreni ambalwa.
Ukuthuthukiswa
Njengabanye abameleli be-Diptera, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Hermetia illucens kuhambisana nomjikelezo ogcwele wenguquko. Isigaba sokuqala eside kakhulu sithatha cishe amasonto amabili, lapho abantu befinyelela amamilimitha amahlanu. Phakathi nesigaba sesibili, esithatha izinsuku eziyishumi, imizimba yazo iphindwe kabili ngobukhulu. Esigabeni sesithathu sezinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili sangaphambi kwe-pupa, izibungu zikhula zibe ngu-2 cm, zithole umbala ocebile onsundu kanye nesembozo esiqinile esiqinile. Ngendlela ye-chrysalis, ibhubesi lebhubesi lesikhathi esizayo lihlala izinsuku ezingu-10-11, emva kwalokho umuntu omdala uzalwa kusuka ku-cocoon.

Ingabe ikhona inzuzo empukaneni ethi Hermetia illucens nezibungu zayo

Ukukhiqizwa kwezibungu zamasosha amnyama kwenziwa emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganise neRussia. Zisebenza njengokudla kwezinyoni, imfuyo kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo futhi zisetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yomsebenzi.

Inzuzo enkulu yebhubesi ukuthi ngenxa yokwethulwa kwezibungu zezimpukane emfucumfucwini, udaba lokugaywa kabusha kwezinto eziphilayo luxazululwa ngokwalo. Akukho nomkhondo wabo osalayo.

Sebenzisa kwezokwelapha
Izibungu zezinambuzane zibaluleke kakhulu ngezinjongo zezimonyo nezokwelapha. Ukuba khona kokukhishwa kwezibungu ekubunjweni kokhilimu kusiza ukubushelela imibimbi futhi kuqinise isikhumba. Ukufaka isicelo ngofulawa wesosha elimnyama esilondeni kukhulula ukuvuvukala futhi kuphulukise izicubu ezilimele. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-tincture esekelwe kwizibungu kusebenza njenge-ejenti ye-prophylactic ye-oncological and virus pathologies.
Isicelo ekudobeni nasekulimeni 
Abadobi basebenzisa izimpethu zesosha ukuze bahuke futhi baphakele. Egameni lesiteketiso babamba i-crucian carp, carp, amehlo abomvu, i-roach kanye nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidla ezinye. Embonini yezolimo, izibungu zempukane ezimnyama zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza umanyolo wemvelo kanye nomquba we-zoo. Lawa ma-substrates aqukethe ama-macro- kanye nama-microelements adingekayo, i-microflora ewusizo enhlabathini nasezitshalweni.

Inani lokudla okunomsoco kwe-Black Lion Larva

Ngenxa yokwakheka okunomsoco olinganiselayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezibungu zezinambuzane kungenzeka kokubili ngesimo samafutha, futhi njengomthombo wamaprotheni agayeka kalula, kanye ne-chitosan-melanin complex. Njengesengezo sokudla, kusetshenziswa ufulawa wamaprotheni noma izibungu ezomile ngokuphelele.

Ukwesaba echibini. Lion fly larva (Stratiomyia chamaeleon)

Ukuzalaniswa kwe-Hermetia illucens kundiza izibungu emakhekhebeni oju

Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukusebenzisa amakhekheba ezinyosi emvelo nawokwenziwa, asebenza njenge-matrix, ukuze kwandiswe izintambo zamaqanda empukane yesosha.

  1. Amaseli anezinsalela zoju zokuphakela izibungu afakwe ezinhlangothini zombili zesakhiwo sonke, esiyonga futhi esiphumelelayo ekwakheni ama-combs. Ububanzi bawo bufinyelela ku-4-7 mm, ukujula - 5-15 mm, ukushuba kodonga - 0,1-1 mm, phansi - 0,1-2 mm.
  2. Eyensikazi izalela amaqanda avundisiwe kula makhekheba, futhi ahlale ephumulile izinsuku ezintathu.
Ngaphambilini
IzinambuzaneIzimbungulu noma i-Hemiptera oda: izinambuzane ezingatholakala kokubili ehlathini nasembhedeni
Okulandelayo
izimbungulu zombhedeIngabe izimbungulu ziyingozi: izinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yokulunywa okuncane
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