Ama-aphid eklabishi: indlela yokwelapha umndeni we-cruciferous ukuze uvikeleke
Iklabishi ingabizwa ngesinye sezitshalo ezifunwa kakhulu. Yengezwa kumasaladi nasezitsheni ezishisayo. Mayelana nalokhu, isitshalo seklabishi kufanele sivikelwe ezinambuzaneni. Usongo lwangempela yi-aphid yeklabishi.
Okuqukethwe
Incazelo yenkathazo
Igama: iklabishi aphid
Isi-Latin: I-Brevicoryne brassicaeIbanga: Izinambuzane - Insecta
Ubuthi obungalungile: I-Hemiptera - i-Hemiptera
Umndeni: Izintwala zangempela - Aphididae
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | isimo sezulu esipholile |
 | Izici: | ihlasela kakhulu i-cruciferous |
 | Ingozi: | usongo lokulahleka kwezitshalo kufika ku-60% |
Umzimba we-aphid ungaba oval noma umumo wepheya. Ubukhulu buhluka kusuka ku-1,8 kuye ku-2,3 mm. Imishini yomlomo iwuhlobo oluhlabayo. Kukhona abantu abanamaphiko nabangenawo.
Umsunguli ufana nabantu abalandelayo. Unomzimba omkhulu onamapheya amaningana wezidladla kanye namaphica. Amaphiko awekho. Umbala oluhlaza. Kunombala ompunga we-waxy emzimbeni.
Ubukhulu bentombi engenamaphiko busuka ku-1 kuye ku-8 mm. Umzimba unomumo obanzi we-ellipsoidal. Umbala uluhlaza okotshani. Ikhanda linombala onsundu. Kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala yesisu kunemigqa ensundu ephambanayo. Izimpondo kanye nemilenze yomthunzi ofanayo.
Ubukhulu bentombi enamaphiko busuka ku-1,5 ukuya ku-2,3 mm enomzimba omude we-ellipsoid kanye nempova empunga. Ikhanda, amadevu, imilenze nsundu. Isisu siphuzi ngokuluhlaza. Isisu sinemigqa ensundu ephambanayo namachashaza aseceleni. Izikhwebu zinde kunezabantu abangenamaphiko.
Ubukhulu be-amphigon female busuka ku-1,8 ukuya ku-2 mm. Umzimba uluhlaza okotshani ngaphandle kwempova. Kunebala elinsundu ekhanda nasengxenyeni yesi-8. Ithorax nesisu esinamabala emhlane.
Abantu besilisa abanamaphiko bangu-1,4 kuya ku-1,8 mm ngosayizi. Esiswini esiphuzi noma esiphuzi-luhlaza kunemigqa emi-4 yamachashaza asemaceleni ansundu namnyama.
Amaqanda amnyama futhi ayacwebezela. Ukuma kwamaqanda kuyi-oval-elongated.
Umjikelezo wokuphila
I-aphid ikhiqiza ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokushesha. Nansi indlela umjikelezo wempilo yonke eyenzekayo:
- Indawo yamaqanda ubusika yiziqu, isisekelo samaqabunga eklabishi, ukhula olukhula zasendle lomndeni wakwaCruciferous.
- Isikhathi sokuzalwa kwezibungu siwela ekupheleni kuka-April - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
- Kusukela ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuye kweziyi-15 ziyadla. Ngemva kwalokho, baba abesifazane abasungula. Owesifazane ngamunye uyakwazi ukukhiqiza abantu abangafika kwabangama-40.
Iklabishi aphid.
- Izinambuzane zitholakala ohlangeni noma iqabunga leqabunga. Ngenxa ye-partogenesis, kuvela izintombi ezingenamaphiko.
- Ngemva kwezizukulwane ezi-2 - 3, izinsikazi ezinamaphiko ziyavela. Izinambuzane zifudukela kwezinye izitshalo. Okulandelayo kuza abesilisa. Ngemva kwesikhathi sokukhwelana, ezinsikazi zizalela amaqanda ebusika. Phakathi nonyaka kungaba nezizukulwane ezifika kwezingama-20.
- Izinga lokushisa elilungile lisuka ku-22 kuya ku-26 degrees Celsius. Umswakama kufanele ube ngu-60%. Ukuchanyuselwa kwezibungu kukhuthazwa izinga lokushisa elisuka ku-7 degrees wokushisa.
- Ngaphansi kweqhwa, isinambuzane singakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa esifinyelela ku-15 degrees. Ukubekela amaqanda kuphelela emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-14 degrees.
Indawo yokuhlala nokusabalalisa
I-aphid yeklabishi ingatholakala kunoma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni. Inani elikhulu lihlala eYurophu, e-Asia Ephakathi, eNyakatho Melika, eNyakatho Afrika, e-Australia, eNew Zealand. Okuwukuphela kwento e-Russian Federation yiFar North.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwabantu akwenzeki. Izinambuzane azihlali ezindaweni ezinjalo.
Inani lezomnotho
Isitshalo esihlaselwe yizintwala zeklabishi.
I-aphid yeklabishi iyisitha esiyingozi kakhulu seBrassicaceae. Ilimaza iklabishi nama-radishes kakhulu. Lesi sinambuzane siphinde sidle isithombo, i-yarutka, isikhwama somalusi, i-colza, ukudlwengula, isinaphi.
Izinambuzane zimunca ijusi, kukhona ukugoba kwamasende kanye nokusathuthuka. Amaqabunga aqala ukuphuzi futhi ashintshe umbala. Ama-ovari ekhanda akhula isikhathi eside futhi awatholi isisindo. Bakhombisa ukuthulula okunamathelayo. Ama-aphid abathwali bamagciwane. Ngokuzalanisa ngobuningi, isabelo sesitshalo singancishiswa sibe ngama-60%.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zokubukeka
Izimuncagazi zimunca ijusi emaqabunga eklabishi. Amahlamvu awonakele angabi nambala abe nombala obomvana. Kancane kancane, amaqabunga ayafa. Ngenxa yalokho, ikhanda leklabishi alakhiwe. Iqoqo lezinambuzane lifana nomlotha noma umlotha.
I-Pad noma i-aphid secretions idala ukubola kwezitshalo. Amahlumela aseBrussels ashaya kakhulu. Iklabishi laseBeijing likhubazekile. Kuthatha umumo odomeziwe.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-aphid ithwala izifo ezingaphezu kuka-20 ezibangelwa amagciwane, ezithinta ukuncishiswa kwesivuno.
Izindlela zokulwa
- Izitshalo ezinegciwane kufanele zibhujiswe.
- Heha ama-hoverflies nama-ladybugs. Ukuze wenze lokhu, tshala i-allisum, i-cilantro, i-dill.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-garlic decoction nakho kuzosebenza kakhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, u-0,8 kg kagalikhi uchotshozwa nge-grinder yenyama. Faka amalitha ayi-10 amanzi abilayo. Le ngxube ibilisiwe amahora ama-2. Isixazululo sihlanjululwa ngesigamu ngamanzi futhi sifuthwe.
- Emikhiqizweni yezinto eziphilayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Bitoxibacillin, i-Actofit kufanelekile. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, ama-insecticide amakhemikhali i-Full House, i-Movento, i-Prime, i-Actellik, i-Borey ifanelekile.
- Ungasebenzisa ama-decoctions abantu ngomlotha wokhuni, ugwayi, iziqongo zamazambane kanye nekhasi lika-anyanisi. Okulula kunawo wonke amanzi anensipho.
- Indlela ye-agrotechnical Izinsimbi:
- ukulawula ukhula ngesikhathi;
- ukutshalwa kwezitshalo ngendlela efanele;
- ukucekelwa phansi kanye nokushiswa kwezinsalela zezitshalo;
- ukumba ngokujulile komhlaba, ukulima ekwindla nokuhlukumeza entwasahlobo;
- ukutshala izitshalo ezizothusa ama-parasite ngephunga lawo (utamatisi, izaqathe).
Uhlu lwe 26 Izindlela Zokubhekana Nezintwala izokusiza ukuthi ukhethe indlela efanele yokulawula izinambuzane.
isiphetho
Ukubonakala kwe-aphid yeklabishi kusongela umonakalo omkhulu kwezolimo. Lapho izimpawu zokuqala zitholakala, noma yiziphi izindlela ezikhethiwe futhi iklabishi iyacutshungulwa. Kodwa-ke, izinyathelo zokuvimbela zizovimbela ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane ezingafunwa esizeni.
