Ama-aphid - inkathazo encane yengadi yonke: ukujwayelana
Engadini nasengadini yemifino, izinambuzane eziyingozi ngokuvamile zakha inkampani yezitshalo ezitshaliwe. Zilimaza izitshalo zemifino nezithelo, kanye nezihlahla eziningi. Esinye salezi zinambuzane yi-aphid.
Okuqukethwe
Ibukeka kanjani i-aphid: isithombe
Incazelo yalesi sinambuzane
Igama: subfamily Aphid
Isi-Latin:I-AphidoideaIbanga: Izinambuzane - Insecta
Isigcawu: I-Hemiptera - i-Hemiptera
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | yonke indawo |
 | Izici: | amakoloni amancane ezinambuzane |
 | Ingozi: | abameleli bezinhlobo badla ubisi lwezitshalo, bangabhubhisa ngokuphelele |
Ama-aphid angenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-parasites - izinambuzane. Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-3500. Izinambuzane zihlangana zibe amakoloni amakhulu, zithatha yonke ingadi nezitshalo zasendlini.
Ingozi yezintwala itholakala ekumunceni amajusi kanye nokudluliselwa kwamagciwane ezitshalweni.
Izici zesakhiwo somzimba
Ukuma komzimba kuthonywa uhlobo lwesinambuzane. Kodwa kunemingcele evamile izinambuzane eziningi ezihambelana nazo.
Ukuma komzimba kungaba ngesimo: i-ellipse, i-hemisphere, iconsi, iqanda, i-oval. Ubukhulu buhluka phakathi kuka-0,3 - 0,8 mm. Umzimba usobala futhi uthambile. Umbala wezinambuzane uhambisana nombala wesitshalo esihlala kuso. Emzimbeni kukhona ama-tubercles, ama-outgrowth, ama-fluff, izinwele.
Ikhanda liyi-trapezoid enezimpondo. Banezitho zokuzwa nokuthinta. Umehluko omkhulu kwezinye izinambuzane umbono omuhle kakhulu. Amehlo ahlukene. Ngokuvamile zibomvu, zinsundu noma zimnyama.
Imishini yomlomo ibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lokumunca. Ngosizo lwaso, izimuncagazi zibhoboza izicubu ezingaphezulu zesitshalo bese zifika ejusi. Abanye abantu banama-proboscises amade nabukhali, abanye banamafushane futhi abuthuntu.
Ukuma kwesifuba kuthonywa amaphiko kanye nesigaba sokukhula. Isinambuzane asikwazi ukuba namaphiko kuphela, kodwa futhi singabi namaphiko. Umsebenzi wokugxuma wenziwa imilenze emincane nemide.
Isisu sinezingxenye ezingu-9. Izigaba zokuqala ezingu-7 ezinama-spiracles. Okunye okusele kufakwe amashubhu ejusi anomsebenzi wokufihla kanye nokukhipha indle. Ingxenye yokugcina engathuthukisiwe inomsila onoboya.
Habitat
Izinambuzane zithanda izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama. Isimo sezulu sinomthelela ekususweni kwenani elikhulu lezizukulwane phakathi nesizini. I-aphid ihlala ezindaweni ezinkulu, kusukela eSiberia kuya eNtshonalanga Yurophu.
Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okubukhali, isomiso kanye nezimvula ezinamandla kuvimbela ukuzala.
Ukudla kwe-aphid
Lesi sinambuzane sidla ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, iziqu, imiqumbe, izimbali, iziqongo zamahlumela amasha.
Ukwelashwa okuthandayo - ijusi yemifinoequkethe ama-amino acid nama-carbohydrate. Izinambuzane zikhiqiza uketshezi olumnandi oluthandwa izintuthwane. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izintuthwane zizungeza i-aphid colony.
Umjikelezo wokuphila
Izinhlobo ezivamile
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi cishe izinhlobo eziyi-1000 zihlala ezwenikazi laseYurophu. Phakathi kwezithandwa kakhulu, kunezinhlobo eziningana ezivame kakhulu.
| inyongo yeqabunga | Ilimaza ama-currants amhlophe, amnyama, abomvu. |
| Ubhontshisi noma ubhontshisi | Idla ama-beet, amazambane, imifino, imbewu ye-poppy, i-jasmine, i-viburnum, iziqu ze-sunflower kanye namaqabunga. |
| Ikhukhamba noma ukhamba | Ilimaza ikhabe, ikhabe, ithanga, ikhukhamba, ugwayi, i-peanut, isesame, isithombo sebhitrudi, i-citrus, i-eucalyptus. |
| iklabishi | Isebenzisa isithombo, isithombo, iklabishi. |
| Amagilebhisi | Udla amagilebhisi kuphela. |
| Isaqathe | Icekela phansi izaqathi nezitshalo zesambulela |
| Ama-aphid kuma roses | Ukudla kuqukethe ama-roses, ama-rose hips, amapheya, izihlahla zama-apula, ama-strawberries. |
| I-apula eliluhlaza | Idla i-apula, i-pear, i-cotoneaster, i-medlar, i-shadberry, i-quince, umlotha wentaba, i-hawthorn |
| Amazambane amakhulu | Ukudla kuhlanganisa amazambane, beet, iklabishi, utamatisi, greenhouse nezitshalo zasendlini. |
| ipentshisi elikhulu | Idla ipentshisi, i-alimondi, iplamu ye-cherry, iplamu, amabhilikosi, izihlahla ze-walnut. |
| i-aphid yepentshisi | Idla iplamu, ipentshisi, iplamu yecherry, ugwayi, iklabishi, amazambane, isitshalo seqanda, upelepele, isithombo, idili, ikhukhamba, iparsley, ulethisi, izitshalo ezibamba ukushisa. |
| ezinoboya | Ilimaza izitshalo zasendlini kanye ne-greenhouse, izithelo ezisawolintshi, amagilebhisi. |
| Igumbi | Ayikhethi mayelana nokudla. |
Ukulimala kusuka kuma-aphid
Ama-aphid angabizwa ngokuzethemba ngokuthi izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu.
Izinambuzane zidla ijusi ebalulekile yezimpande namahlumela. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-fruiting iyancipha. Ngezinye izikhathi izihlahla, izihlahla, izitshalo zemifino ziyafa ngokuphelele.
Nokho, kunezindlela eziphumelelayo zokulawula izinambuzane.
Izindlela zokulwa
Izintwala ezitshalweni.
Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokubhekana nezintwala esizeni zihlanganisa izinqubo ezimbalwa.
- Ukuhlanza umbuthano we-trunk.
- Ukususwa kwezintuthwane endaweni.
- Ukuhlanzwa ngokomzimba kwezingxenye ezilimele.
Zonke izindlela zingahlukaniswa ngokwemibandela kubantu, bebhayoloji, ngokomzimba noma amakhemikhali.
Hlangana bese ukhetha indlela esebenzayo yokususa ama-aphid esizeni phakathi kwama-26 kungenzeka kulesi sihloko.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwama-aphid ezihlahleni zezithelo nasezitshalweni, kufanele kubhekwe izidingo ezimbalwa ezilula. Umthetho wokuqala noyisisekelo ukuthi ingadi enempilo ayihlushwa yizinambuzane.
- Ekwindla, hlanza indawo kudoti kanye ne-carrion.
- Entwasahlobo, thena futhi ufafaze.
- Yenza mhlophe izihlahla kabili ngesizini.
- Susa izintuthwane nemizila.
- Yondla, kodwa ungenzi ihaba inani le-nitrogen.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: abantu base-Irani benza i-decoction yotshwala ngokusekelwe ezinambuzaneni, ezifana nezakhiwo zayo ku-aphrodisiacs.
isiphetho
Ama-aphid avame ukuvakashela indawo ebuthaka. Kodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukususa izinambuzane ngeke kube yinkinga. Uma izinambuzane ezincane sezingenile kakade, kufanele ukhethe indlela elula yokulwa.
