Chofoza i-Beetle ne-Wireworm: Izilawuli Zezinambuzane Ezisebenzayo eziyi-17
Abalimi, lapho beqoqa izitshalo zezimpande, baqaphela ukuthi bahlangana nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezilinyazwa izikelemu ezibukeka njengezingcezu zocingo. Lezi izibungu zebhungane lokuchofoza. Lolu hlobo lusatshalaliswa cishe emhlabeni wonke, futhi abameleli balo babangela ukulimala okukhulu ezitshalweni.
Okuqukethwe
Chofoza ibhungane kanye nezibungu zayo wireworm: isithombe
Incazelo yebhungane
Igama lakho ibhungane yamukelwe, ngenxa yekhono eliyingqayizivele lokugingqika ukusuka ngemuva ukuya esiswini ngosizo lomshini wokugxuma. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzwakala umsindo wokuchofoza.
Umzimba we-nutcracker unobude obuyi-10 kuya ku-60 mm, omnyama noma onsundu. Ama-Nutcrackers ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo anombala ohluke kakhulu. Umzimba wabo uthi:
Ibhungane lamantongomane.
- ophuzi;
- iwolintshi;
- bomvu;
- oluhlaza nge-metallic sheen noma izinwele ezisiliva.
Ezinye izinhlobo zingase zibe nemithende noma amabala ku-elytra.
Izinhlobo ze-Nutcracker ezinokukhanya kwe-bioluminescent zihlala eMelika Ephakathi.
Izitho ezimbili ezikhanyayo zitholakala emakhoneni e-pronotum neyodwa phakathi kwe-sternite yokuqala yesisu, futhi ziyabonakala ekundizeni. Ngakho abesifazane baheha abalingani. Futhi, amanye ama-wireworms ane-bioluminescence, ayisebenzisela ukuheha ukudla.
Izici zesibungu
I-wireworm isibungu.
Ngenxa yokuncipha kwenani lemithi yokwelapha inhlabathi kanye nokwehliswa kokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo, inani lezilokazane ze-wireworm liye landa. Isibungu se-click beetle, noma i-wireworm, sinomzimba ohlanganisa izingxenye ezingu-13, i-cylindrical, enesembozo esiminyene se-chitinous, sinqunu, ezimeni ezingavamile ezimbozwe izinwele.
Umbala womzimba we-wireworm uyahlukahluka ukusuka kophuzi ngokukhanyayo ukuya kunsundu ngokumnyama. Ubude bayo bufika ku-30 mm. I-pupa imhlophe, i-beige noma iphuzi. Isibungu sidla imbewu, futhi njengoba sikhula, izimpande zezithombo.
Ukusakaza
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-10000 ze-click beetle emhlabeni. Bahlala kuwo wonke umhlaba, kuphela e-Antarctica abasindi. Ezindaweni ezishisayo, lezi zinambuzane zikhudlwana futhi zinemibala ehlukahlukene.
Ukukhiqiza kanye nokudla
Ngokushesha nje lapho kufika izinsuku ezifudumele entwasahlobo, ama-nutcrackers wesifazane andiza aphume futhi aqale ukubeka amaqanda. Izindawo zabo ezithandwayo zokuzalela i-wheatgrass, i-burdock, izimpande zokhula kanye neziqu. Uma izimila ezifanele zingekho, zingabekela amaqanda azo emifantwini enhlabathini noma ngaphansi kwamahlule. Bathanda kakhulu izwe lapho kutshalwe khona izimpande.
Umjikelezo wokuphila osuka eqandeni uya ebhunganeni elidala uthatha iminyaka engu-4-5. Insikazi izalela amaqanda ayi-120-150. Zimhlophe futhi zincane. Kwi-clutch eyodwa kusuka kumaqanda ama-5 kuye kwayi-15.
Izibungu zivela ngenyanga, zikhula futhi zithuthuke iminyaka eminingana. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, isibungu se-nutcracker sidla ikakhulukazi izimpande zezitshalo namaqabunga okhula. Kodwa ngonyaka wesibili, ama-wireworms ahlala ezigabeni zamazambane, izaqathe, ama-beet kanye nama-radishes. Badla imbewu kanye namahlumela okusanhlamvu. Futhi kuphela ngemva kweminyaka emine, ama-pupate kanye namabhungane amadala avela ebusweni entwasahlobo.
Amabhungane adla amaqabunga, kodwa kunezinhlobo ezidla inyama ze-click beetle. Amabhungane amadala ezinhlobo ezithile awadli nhlobo, aphila ngeziqiwi eziwaqongelele ngesikhathi esesigabeni sezibungu.
Kungani beetle "clicker"
I-Nutcracker.
I-jump mechanism iyinqubo encane ye-thoracic. Ihlelwe phakathi kwe-prothorax ne-mesothorax, uma i-beetle iwela ngemuva, bese isebenza, futhi iphendulela emoyeni emuva kwesisu, kuyilapho kuzwakala ukuchofoza. Kunoma yikuphi ukuma, i-nutcracker igingqika phezu kwezidladla zayo.
Futhi, lapho lenqaba ibhungane, lapho lishiya isiphungumangathi, noma ligwema ingozi, ibhungane lisebenzisa indlela yalo yokugxuma.
Izimpawu zokuvela kwe-wireworm kumazambane
Ngaphezu kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, izibungu zingadla izimpande neziqongo. Ukubukeka kwezinambuzane kungahlulelwa ngokuthi:
- izihlahla zamazambane ezibunile. Izinambuzane zihamba emhlabathini ekujuleni kwe-1 kuya ku-2 m. Azikwazi ukunyakaza ngaphezu kwama-20 cm ukusuka ezigabeni;
Amazambane athintekile e-Wireworm.
- ukutholakala kwama-tubers amancane emigodini emincane kanye nokucindezeleka okumnyama ku-peel - yizindawo zokunyakaza kwezibungu. Ukumba amazambane kusenesikhathi kuzosiza ukubona izinambuzane;
- ukunyakaza kwama-parasites kungqimba lomhlabathi ongaphezulu (ezingeni lika-5-10 cm). Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho kuthukululwa noma ukumba.
Ukulimala kanye nezindlela zomzabalazo
Izibungu zibangela ukulimala okuthile, futhi izindlela zokulawula zihloselwe ukuzibhubhisa. Izikelemu zenza izimbobo ezimpandeni nasezitshalweni zezimpande. Ziyonakalisa imbewu futhi zinciphise izithombo.
Ngisho nebhungane elilodwa lingaba imbangela yekoloni elikhulu.
ukutshala
Ukujikeleziswa kwezitshalo ngendlela ehlelekile kuzonciphisa kakhulu inani lama-wireworm esizeni. Okufanayo kusebenza komakhelwane, ukuthi bazokwethusa inkathazo ngephunga labo. Kutshaliwe:
- I-Dahlias. Inkathazo ayikubekezeleli iphunga lesitshalo.
- siderates. I-mustard, i-rapeseed, i-buckwheat kanye ne-sweet clover ikhiqiza amafutha abalulekile emhlabathini, axosha amabhungane kanye nama-wireworms.
- okusanhlamvu. Lezi zitshalo, ikakhulukazi uphizi nobhontshisi, zixosha izinambuzane.
Ukuhlanza okusebenzayo
Ukugcina indawo ihlanzekile kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina ubuqotho baso sonke isitshalo. Ngosongo lwe-wireworm, kubalulekile ukunaka ngokukhethekile amaphuzu athile.
Abalingani Abahlanganyelayo
Izitha zemvelo zama-wireworms zizosiza ukunciphisa inani labantu futhi zibabhubhise ngokuphelele. Enye yalezi yi-beetle yasengadini - isibungu esifana nesibungu se-wireworm. Siza futhi izinyoni:
- ama-wagtails;
- izinkanyezi;
- amahobhe;
- ama-rooks;
- ama-thrushes;
- iziqophamithi.
Izindlela zabantu
| Igobolondo lamaqanda | Elinye lamathuluzi ashibhe kakhulu futhi ahlukahlukene kakhulu. Igaywa futhi icutshungulwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngokuvamile, amagobolondo amaqanda afakwa emgodini noma ahlakazeke phezu kwemibhede. |
| i-nettle noma i-dandelion | I-0,2 kg ye-dandelion noma i-0,5 kg ye-nettle yengezwa ebhakedeni lamanzi. Ingxube ewumphumela iphathwa ngomthombo ngamunye ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukucutshungulwa okunjalo kuqala ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ngaphambi kokutshala ngesikhawu sazo zonke izinsuku ezi-2. |
| Ammonium nitrate | I-Amonia ixosha izinambuzane, iziphoqa ukuthi zingene zijule emhlabathini. Kwanele 20-30 amagremu 1 isikwele. amamitha. |
| I-potassium permanganate | I-3 g ihlanjululwa ebhakedeni lamanzi futhi izimbobo zithelwa ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukucubungula izihlahla zabantu abadala ngalesi sixazululo nakho kuzozuza. |
Indlela yesintu efakazelwe futhi ephephile iyisinaphi. Imithetho yokusetshenziswa kwayo - esihlokweni.
Izicupho
Izicupho zizosiza ukuqoqa izibungu eziningi ze-wireworm endaweni eyodwa futhi zibhubhise. Kukhona ama-bait amaningana asebenzayo.
- Amazambane. I-tuber, engonakala, icwiliswa emanzini usuku lonke, bese ingcwatshwa emhlabathini. Kunezicupho eziningana ezinjalo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2, ungamba futhi ubhubhise izilimo eziyizigaxa, zizogcwala izibungu ngokuphelele.
Isicupho sasebhange.
- Izingcezu zamazambane noma izaqathi ebhange. Kudingekile ukubeka izingcezu ezimbalwa bese umba isitsha kuze kufike entanyeni, futhi umboze phezulu ngekhadibhodi. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ama-wireworms amaningi esayithi azobuthana lapho.
- Izinhlamvu. Emasontweni amabili ngaphambi komsebenzi wokutshala okuyinhloko, kuyadingeka ukuhlwanyela izimbobo eziningana endaweni ngebhali nokolweni. Amahlumela amancane azoheha izinambuzane ezilambile. Zimbiwa zishiswe.
Amakhemikhali
Ukwelapha amazambane ngamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene kuyasebenza. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwabo kufanele kulawulwe. Izinhlobo zakuqala azikwazi ukuphathwa ngamakhemikhali, ziqongelela izinto futhi azinaso isikhathi sokuzisusa. Kokunye, okulandelayo kufanelekile:
- Udumo;
- i-cruiser;
- Umkhuzi;
- I-Taboo.
Imiyalo enemininingwane yokucubungula amazambane kusuka kuma-wireworms - isixhumanisi.
isiphetho
Izibungu zebhungane lamantongomane zilimaza izilimo eziyizigaxa, izitshalo zezimpande kanye nezitshalo zokusanhlamvu. Izindlela zokulawula ziyatholakala futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo njalo kuzosiza ukuvikela isitshalo esikhulile kulesi zinambuzane.
Ngaphambilini