Imikhaza ingena kanjani kumuntu, iluma kuphi nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe uma i-parasite ilume, kodwa ingabambeki

Ubukeka kanjani umkhaza

Uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lwemikhaza i-iscod. Yibo abathwala izifo ezibulalayo kubantu. I-bloodsucker inomzimba onsundu oval, izidladla eziyi-8, ikhanda elincane. Ubude bensikazi esimweni esilambile bungaba ngu-4 mm, abesilisa - kufika ku-2,5 mm. I-parasite edakwe ngegazi ikhula ngosayizi ngo-10-15 mm.

Indawo yokuhlala kanye nenkathi yokusebenza kwemikhaza

Ama-bloodsuckers aqala ukukhombisa umsebenzi wesizini emazingeni okushisa amahle emini. Ukuphakama komsebenzi kuqala lapho izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke lifinyelela ku-+10-15 degrees. Ama-parasite athanda amaxhaphozi, umthunzi, umswakama ophezulu. Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, abazi ukuthi bagxuma kanjani phezulu nakude, abahlali ezihlahleni. Zilinda inyamazane yazo ezinhlangeni ezinde zotshani, izihlahla ezincane.

Yiziphi izitho zomzimba ezisiza imikhaza ukuthi ithole inyamazane?

Imikhaza ibona kabi kakhulu; ezinye izinhlobo ze-ixodid azinazo izitho zokubona. Kodwa banomuzwa othuthuke kahle wokuhogela nokuthinta, yizo lezi zitho ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekufuneni isisulu. Izitho zokuthinta ziyizinwele ezikhethekile-izinzwa ezitholakala kuwo wonke umzimba wesinambuzane.

Ngosizo lwalezi zinwele, i-bloodsucker ithola ulwazi mayelana nezwe elizungezile: izinga lokushisa, umswakama, njalonjalo. Isitho esikhulu sokuhogela siyisitho sikaHaller, sitholakala emilenzeni ebili.

Ingxenye yokuqala yesitho se-Galera siyazwela ku-carbon dioxide ekhishwa umuntu ongase abe isisulu. Ingxenye yesibili yesitho se-Galera ivumela umkhaza ukuthi uzwe imisebe ye-infrared yabantu nezilwane ukusuka ebangeni lesigamu semitha, futhi uphendule izingxenye zephunga lesisulu.

Ingabe umkhaza uyazingela noma uwela inyamazane yawo ngephutha

Ama-arthropods amadala kuphela afinyelele esigabeni sokukhula kwabantu abadala akwazi ukuzingela ngokuqondile. Izibungu nama-nymphs azikwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade, zikhasa ezinhlangeni zotshani, kodwa zihlala emhlabathini, udoti olunamaqabunga futhi zingangena ngephutha ezinyoni, amagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane, bese zisuka kuzo ziye esilwaneni esikhulu.

Indlela yokuhlasela imikhaza nezici zesakhiwo semishini yabo yomlomo

Abakwenzayo nje ukuthola indawo ekahle bese belinda. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-bloodsucker ibamba isisulu somuntu ongase abe isisulu, isigaba sesibili sokuhlasela siqala - esisebenzayo.

Umakhi uphendukela entweni ethakaselwayo bese wenza ukunyakaza okuzuzisayo ngezidladla zawo zangaphambili kuze kube yilapho kwenzeka ukuthintana nomsingathi.

Ezinye i-subspecies zingase zilandele inyamazane. Lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni lapho inkathazo ithatha izisusa isikhathi eside, kodwa into ayisondeli. Kulokhu, umkhaza ungawa endaweni yawo yokulinda futhi unqobe amamitha amaningana.

Ngemva kokuhlangana nomsingathi, lesi zinambuzane sinamathela kuso ngokuqinile ngosizo lwezingwegwe, ama-spikes nama-bristles. Lezi zitho zisiza i-parasite ukuthi ihambe eduze kwenyamazane, kanye nokuhlala isikhathi eside lapho izama ukuyinyakazisa.

I-apparatus yomlomo yezinambuzane iklanyelwe ngendlela ekhethekile, evumela ukuthi ibambelele ngokuqinile esikhumbeni, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ihlale ingabonakali yisisulu. Isitho siqukethe izakhi ezilandelayo: amazinyo abukhali aqondiswe emuva, ama-pedipalps, i-chelicerae, ne-proboscis-hypostome.

Imikhaza ivame ukuluma kuphi?

Imikhaza ingaluma noma yikuphi, kodwa izindawo eziyintandokazi kulapho kunomthamo omuhle wegazi nesikhumba esincanyana. Izingane zivame ukulunywa ekhanda, kanti kubantu abadala, ukulunywa kule ngxenye yomzimba kuyivelakancane kakhulu. Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-16 bavame ukulunywa imikhaza ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo zomzimba:

• isifunda inguinal, izinqe;
• amahlombe, izingalo ezingaphezulu ngaphakathi;
• ngemuva kwentamo;
• i-popliteal fossae.

Kubukeka kanjani ukulunywa komkhaza

Ukulunywa kwalesi silwane kufana nokulunywa ezinye izinambuzane. Esikhumbeni kwakheka indawo eyindilinga ebomvu. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuma kungase kube okusaqanda noma indawo ingase ibe ngendlela engavamile.

Iziyalezo mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza uma unganamathelanga

Izinga lengozi yokutheleleka ngezifo ezithwalwa umkhaza lilingana ngokuqondile nesikhathi sokumuncwa kwe-bloodsucker. Kodwa ungangenwa igciwane ngisho noma umkhaza uvele wakhasa esikhunjeni. Ngakho-ke, uma inkathazo ilume, kufanele uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Ama-antibiotic okuluma umkhaza

Ukuze uvimbele izifo ezithathelwanayo kungakapheli amahora angama-72 ngemuva kokulunywa, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane esikalini esinqunywe udokotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angase anikeze izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane.

Usizo lokuqala lokulunywa

Usizo lokuqala kumuntu ohlukunyeziwe kufanele luhlanganise lezi zenzo ezilandelayo:

1. Xhumana nesikhungo sezokwelapha esiseduze. Odokotela bazosusa isinambuzane ngokungenabuhlungu, okuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga.
2. Uma singekho isikhungo sezokwelapha esiseduze, susa i-bloodsucker ngokwakho. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ikhanda lomkhaza alihlali ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
3. Faka i-parasite esitsheni esinesivalo esiqinile. Ezinsukwini ezi-2 kufanele iyiswe endaweni yokucwaninga ukuze ihlolwe ukuze ihlolwe ukutheleleka.
4. Phatha indawo yokulunywa nganoma yisiphi isibulala-magciwane esiseduze: iodine, utshwala, okuluhlaza okotshani, i-hydrogen peroxide.
5. Hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ungaya kuphi ukuze uthole ukulunywa umkhaza

Isinambuzane kufanele sithunyelwe ukuze sihlaziywe phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2 ngemva kokulunywa. Uma kuvela ukuthi inegciwane, ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kuzokwandisa ithuba lomphumela omuhle.

Ukungezwani komzimba lapho ulunywa umkhaza

Lapho elunywe, ukungezwani nama-enzymes wamathe esilwane kungase kwenzeke. Esigabeni sokuqala, singadideka nokubonakaliswa kwe-borreliosis, kodwa ngokungafani nalesi sifo, ukungezwani komzimba kuwumphumela ophephile. Ukusabela kungase kwenzeke phakathi namahora angu-48 ngemva kokulunywa. Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba zihlanganisa:

• ukuqubuka, ububomvu, nokuluma kanye nokuluma;
• ukudabuka nokubomvu kwamehlo;
• ukucinana emakhaleni.

Izimpawu ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza kanye nokutheleleka nge-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza

Ukutheleleka nge-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza akukwazi ukunqunywa ngokushesha - azikho izinguquko ezenzeka lapho elunywe khona. Igciwane lingena kuma-lymph nodes nasegazini, izimpawu zivela ngesikhathi sokuzala kwegciwane, ngokuvamile evikini lesibili ngemva kokulunywa. Isigaba sokuqala sesifo sinezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• umkhuhlane
• ikhanda;
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha.

Kulesi sigaba, amasosha omzimba angakwazi ukubhekana negciwane ngokwawo, noma isigaba sesibili sokukhula kwalesi sifo siqala:

• ikhanda elibuhlungu entanyeni;
• ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yezimoto;
• i-photophobia;
• ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo.

I-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza yisifo esiyingozi kwesinye isikhathi esiholela ekukhubazekeni noma ekufeni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-encephalitis ethwalwa ngumkhaza

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza; ukwelashwa kuyasekela. Izidakamizwa ze-Antipyretic, droppers, physiotherapy, massage zisetshenziswa.

Izimpawu emva kokulunywa komkhaza kanye nokutheleleka kwe-borreliosis ngesifo se-lyme

Isifo seLyme sinezigaba ezi-3 zokukhula, ngasinye sinezimpawu ezithile:

Ukwelashwa kwe-Borreliosis

Ukwelashwa kwe-antibacterial kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo ukwelapha isifo se-Lyme. Ukwelashwa kwesifo esisezingeni eliphezulu akuphumeleli ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Indlela yokunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka okuyingozi

Kudingeka ucabange ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani ekuthelelekeni ngezifo ezithwalwa imikhaza ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kwesizini yomsebenzi wabo. Isethi yezinyathelo kufanele ifake lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Ukugoma. Umuthi wokugoma ukuvumela ukuthi wakhe ukuzivikela okuqinile ku-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza. Ukugoma kokuqala kunikezwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi, okwesibili - ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-1-3, okwesithathu - ngemva konyaka.
2. Umshwalanse we mpilo. Akunakwenzeka ukuthola imithi yamahhala yokuvimbela i-encephalitis ngaphansi komshuwalense wezempilo oyimpoqo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthenga inqubomgomo ekhethekile lapho ungathola khona i-immunoglobulin esimweni esiphuthumayo mahhala.
3. Izingubo zokuzivikela kanye nezindlela. Lapho uhamba ezindaweni lapho imikhaza ithanda ukuhlala khona, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile okuvikela futhi ukhethe izingubo ezifanele.