Lapho imikhaza inamathela, injani i-parasite ephuza igazi emzimbeni womuntu nokuthi ingasibona kanjani

Lapho imikhaza itholakala khona

Ama-bloodsuckers ahlala ezindaweni zasehlathini, otshanini, emihosheni nokunye. Muva nje, bayanda imikhaza etholakala emapaki edolobha, ezigcawini, nasezindlini zasehlobo. Zilinda inyamazane yazo ezihlahleni eziphansi, otshanini, kodwa azilokothi zigibele ezihlahleni.

Imikhaza ivame ukuluma kuphi?

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-parasite ingaluma noma yikuphi. Nokho, intandokazi yabo yizindawo zomzimba ezinesikhumba esincanyana nesithambile. Umehluko waphawula phakathi kokukhethwa kwendawo yokuluma ezinganeni nakubantu abadala, okungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yomehluko ekukhuleni kwakho kokubili - umkhaza ukhasa kusukela phansi kuya phezulu.

Abantu abadala bavame ukulunywa ku:

• intamo;
• amakhwapha;
• indawo ngaphansi kwedolo;
• ukugoba kwendololwane;
• Belly
• indawo ngemuva kwezindlebe.

Ukulunywa ezinganeni kuvame ukutholakala ngemuva kwentamo nekhanda. Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi amadoda nabafana abadala bavame ukulunywa endaweni ye-groin.

Okungenani, imikhaza inamathela emhlane, ezintendeni zezandla, ezinyaweni, njengoba isikhumba kulezi zindawo sishubile futhi kunzima ukusiluma. Futhi "umholi" ophelele yi-popliteal fossae - isikhumba sincane, ngaphandle kwalokho, kulula ukufika lapho.

Uluma kanjani umkhaza

Ngezitho ezikhethekile ze-apparatus yomlomo, wenza i-puncture, igxilwe esilondeni ngamazinyo abukhali, ifaka i-proboscis futhi iqhubeke nokumunca igazi.

Ukulunywa komkhaza kubukeka kanjani kumuntu?

Indawo yokuluma umkhaza ayihlukani nokulunywa ezinye izimuncagazi futhi ibukeka njengechashaza elibomvu elinechashaza elimnyama phakathi. Kwezinye izimo, indawo ingase ishintshe futhi ithathe isimo sendandatho. kuwuphawu oluthile lokutheleleka ngesifo seLyme.

Lapho ungabheka khona umkhaza emzimbeni

Umkhaza awumuncwa ngokushesha, ngakho-ke, lapho ubhekwa, kuyadingeka ukubheka umzimba wonke, unake izindawo lapho ama-parasite avame ukunamathela khona.

Ungawususa kanjani kahle umkhaza esikhumbeni somuntu

Ukukhipha i-parasite, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nesikhungo sezokwelapha: bazokwenza ngendlela efanele futhi bangabi nabuhlungu, futhi banikeze izincomo ezengeziwe. Kunezindlela eziningana zokususa i-bloodsucker ekhaya.

Lapho ukhetha noma iyiphi yezindlela, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuqapha: ungafaki ingcindezi ku-parasite, ungenzi ukunyakaza okungazelelwe ukuze ungadabuki noma uyichoboze.

Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo isiqediwe, isilonda kufanele sibulawe amagciwane nganoma iyiphi i-antiseptic.

Okufanele ukwenze uma ikhanda lomkhaza lihlala esikhumbeni

Ngokuvamile, uma isuswe ngokungalungile, ikhanda le-parasite lihlala ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kulula ukukubona: ichashazi elincane elimnyama lizobonakala phakathi kokulunywa. Kulesi simo, ungazama ukuyisusa ngenaliti, njenge-splinter.

Uma uhlulekile, ungamane ugcwalise nge-iodine: ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, umzimba ngokwawo uzokwenqaba into yangaphandle.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqaphe isimo sesilonda: ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwenzeka. Uma ukulunywa kushintshile umbala, ukuvuvukala kuvele, kufanele uthintane nodokotela.

Indlela yokwelapha indawo yokulunywa umkhaza

Noma yiziphi izixazululo ze-antiseptic zifanelekile kulokhu: utshwala, i-iodine, i-green brilliant, i-hydrogen peroxide, i-chlorhexidine.

Lapho ungaphatha khona umaka okhishiwe

I-bloodsucker ekude akufanele ibhujiswe. Ngosizo lokuhlaziywa okukhethekile, kungenzeka ukuthi unqume ukuthi ungumthwali wesifo esithwala umkhaza futhi, uma umphumela uhle, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngesikhathi esifanele. Umkhaza okhishiwe, kanye nocezu lukakotini olumanzi, kufanele lufakwe esitsheni esinesivalo esiqinile.

Imiphumela engaba khona ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukulunywa kwe-bloodsucker kungaba nemiphumela emibi - ukutheleleka ngezifo ezibangelwa umkhaza. Okuyingozi kakhulu futhi evamile kubo kuchazwe ngezansi.

I-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza

Igciwane le-encephalitis lingena egazini, lisakazeka nge-lymph nomjikelezo wegazi kuwo wonke umzimba, ikakhulukazi lithinta okumpunga kobuchopho. Azikho izinguquko ezibonwa endaweni yokulunywa, izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukubonwa ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10 ngemva kokuhlasela kwe-parasite.

Izimpawu ze-encephalitis ethwala umkhaza

Ekubonakalisweni kokuqala, lesi sifo sifana nomkhuhlane oyingozi: umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, imisipha ebuhlungu namalunga. Izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu ziyalandela: ubuhlungu bekhanda buqina ikakhulukazi esifundeni se-occipital, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-encephalitis, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kwenzeka, ukwazi ukukhubazeka kuze kufike ku-coma, i-paresis nokukhubazeka.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-encephalitis ethwala umkhaza

Ungasola i-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza ngalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

• idatha yobhubhane (ukuvakashela ihlathi, ukuthola umkhaza emzimbeni);
• ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo (ukushisa okuphezulu, umkhuhlane, uphawu lwe-meningeal).

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yalezi zizathu kuphela akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa, zingahlotshaniswa nokulunywa komkhaza (borreliosis), futhi azihlangene nazo (i-herpetic encephalitis, i-purulent meningitis).

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesisekelo semiphumela yokuxilongwa kwaselabhorethri: ukunqunywa kokuba khona kanye nokwanda kokuguquguquka kwe-titer yamasosha omzimba wesigaba se-IgM kanye nama-antibodies ekilasi le-IgG egazini kuya kugciwane le-encephalitis eliphethwe umkhaza.

Ukwelashwa kwe-encephalitis ethwalwa umkhaza

Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-encephalitis ephethwe umkhaza. Ukwelashwa kumayelana nokulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga. Izidakamizwa ze-antipyretic kanye ne-antiviral zisetshenziswa. Ngomonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa, ama-antipsychotics asetshenziswa, ama-diuretics asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ingcindezi ye-intracranial.

I-borreliosis yesifo se-Lyme

I-agent causative ye-borreliosis (isifo se-Lyme) yi-bacteria ye-Borrelia. Lesi sifo sithinta ikakhulukazi isimiso sezinzwa nenhliziyo, isikhumba. Njengomthetho, kudinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside.

Izimpawu zesifo seLyme

Isikhathi sokufakwa kwalesi sifo yizinsuku ezingu-1-50, ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kuvame ukwenzeka ngosuku lwe-10-12. Kunezigaba ezi-3 ze-borreliosis:

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo seLyme

Kusetshenziswa izindlela zaselabhorethri ezilandelayo ukwenza ukuxilongwa:

• I-PCR ukuthola amaprotheni e-Borrelia ezicutshini, i-serum kanye ne-synovial fluid;
• ukusabela okungaqondile kwe-immunofluorescence ukuthola ama-antibodies ku-Borrelia;
• Isigaba esiqinile se-ELISA sama-antibodies ku-Borrelia.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Lyme Disease

Ukwelashwa kwe-borreliosis kwenzeka kuphela ezimeni ezimile. Ukwelashwa kwe-antibacterial kusetshenziselwa ukulwa ne-borreliae.

Umkhuhlane we-hemorrhagic

I-Hemorrhagic fevers yiqembu lezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezibangela ukulimala kwezindonga zemithambo yomzimba.

Izimpawu ze-hemorrhagic fever

Ukubonakaliswa okuvamile kwawo wonke amaqembu alezi zifo umkhuhlane kanye nokopha okwandisiwe. Njengomthetho, esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwalesi sifo, izimpawu azicacisiwe, kodwa ngokushesha ziba sobala.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-hemorrhagic fever:

• umkhuhlane
• ikhanda, isiyezi;
• ukubomvu kwamehlo;
• igazi esitokisini, igazi lokuhlanza;
• i-hyperemia yesikhumba;
• ubuhlungu bemisipha.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hemorrhagic fever

Ukuxilongwa okuqondile kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izifundo ze-serological (RSK, RNIF, njll.), i-enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), ukutholwa kwama-antigens wegciwane (PCR), indlela ye-virological.

Ukwelashwa kwemfiva yokopha

Ukwelapha lesi sifo, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okubandakanya ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous kwesisombululo se-glucose, ukumpontshelwa igazi ezingxenyeni ezincane, ama-antihistamines, namalungiselelo ensimbi.