Okudliwa yi-Colorado potato beetle: umlando wobudlelwane nezinambuzane
Minyaka yonke, abalimi nabalimi kufanele bavikele izitshalo zabo ezinambuzaneni ezihlukahlukene, ngoba ngokuhamba kweminyaka, amagundane amancane, izinambuzane ngisho nezinyoni ziye zalimaza izitshalo. Omunye wama-pranksters asengadini anonya kakhulu yi-Colorado potato beetle edumile futhi waqala umsebenzi wawo olimazayo muva nje.
Okuqukethwe
Ibukeka kanjani i-Colorado potato beetle: isithombe
Incazelo yalesi sinambuzane
I-Colorado amazambane beetle ebizwa nangokuthi ibhungane leqabunga lamazambane. Lolu hlobo lungowomndeni omkhulu amabhungane amaqabunga futhi ingesinye sezilokazane zasengadini ezibonakala kakhulu.
Igama: I-Colorado beetle, ibhungane leqabunga lamazambane
Isi-Latin: Leptinotarsa decemlineataIbanga: Izinambuzane - isinambuzane
Isigcawu: I-Coleoptera - i-Coleoptera
Umndeni: Amabhungane amaqabunga - Chrysomelidae
 | Izindawo zokuhlala: | yonke indawo ngaphandle kwezifunda ezibandayo |
 | Kuyingozi ku-: | amazambane, utamatisi, nezinye nightshades |
 | Izindlela zokubhubhisa: | iqoqo manual, biopreparations, amakhemikhali |
Внешний вид
I-Colorado beetle.
Amabhungane e-Colorado amazambane mancane ngosayizi futhi ubude babantu abadala akuvamile ukuba budlule ku-8-12 mm. Umzimba Inesimo se-oval, i-convex ngokuqinile ngenhla futhi isicaba ngaphansi. i-elitra of the Colorado potato beetle abushelelezi, acwebezelayo, aphuzi ngokukhanyayo, ahlotshiswe ngemigqa emnyama ende.
Amaseli e-membranous athuthuke kahle afihliwe ngaphansi kwe-elytra. amaphiko, ngosizo ibhungane elikwazi ukundiza ngalo amabanga amade. i-pronotum isinambuzane sipendwe ngewolintshi futhi sihlotshiswe ngamabala amnyama anobunjwa nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
ULerva
Izibungu I-Colorado potato beetle yinde kancane kunezibhungane ezindala futhi umzimba wazo ungafinyelela ku-15-16 mm. Ngaphandle, zibukeka njengezibungu ze-ladybug. Umzimba upendwe ngokubomvu ngokugqamile, futhi emaceleni kunemigqa emibili yamachashazi amnyama. Ikhanda nemilenze yesibungu nakho kumnyama.
Ukudla
Phakathi kwezitshalo zasengadini, ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-Colorado potato beetle ngamazambane. Minyaka yonke, izindimbane zalezi zimbungulu ezinemigqa zicekela phansi wonke amasimu amasiko athandwayo. Kodwa-ke, imenyu yalesi zinambuzane ayigcini kumazambane, futhi ukudla kwe-Colorado potato beetle kungase kuqukethe:
- isitshalo seqanda
- Upelepele waseBulgaria;
- utamatisi;
- izitshalo zomndeni wakwanightshade.
Umjikelezo wokuthuthukisa
Umjikelezo wokukhula kwe-Colorado potato beetle, njengalowo wezinye izinambuzane, unezigaba ezine eziyinhloko:
- iqanda. Amaqanda abekwa yizinsikazi ezindala ngaphansi kwamaqabunga ezitshalo eziphethe;
Umjikelezo wokuphila we-Colorado potato beetle.
- isibungu. Ngemuva kwamaviki angu-1-2, izibungu zivela emaqandeni, eziqoqa ngenkuthalo umsoco izinsuku ezingu-15-20 bese zicasha endaweni engaphezulu yenhlabathi ukuze ikhule;
- i-chrysalis. Esikhathini esishisayo, isinambuzane esikhulile siphuma ku-pupa emavikini angu-2-3;
- imago. Uma ukuphuphuma kwenzeka ekwindla, khona-ke ama-pupae angena ku-diapause futhi amabhungane amadala azalwa ngemva kobusika.
Habitat
Njengamanje, indawo okuhlala kuyo i-Colorado potato beetle ihlanganisa ingxenye enkulu ye-northern hemisphere. Izinambuzane eziyingozi zizinze ngempumelelo kulezi zifunda ezilandelayo:
- I-America esenyakatho;
- IYurophu;
- amazwe aseBaltic;
- eTranscaucasia;
- Belarus kanye Ukraine;
- i-Ural;
- eSiberia;
- IMpumalanga Ekude.
Umlando wokutholakala nokusabalalisa
Ngokokuqala ngqá, kwatholakala izinambuzane eziyingozi ngo-1824 ezintabeni zaseRocky.
Ibhungane elifudukayo.
Umtholi walolu hlobo kwakuyisazi sezinambuzane kanye nesazi semvelo uThomas Say. Wabamba leli bhungane elinemithende lidla amaqabunga e-nightshade anezimpondo.
I-Colorado potato beetle yathola igama layo elidumile eminyakeni engu-35 kuphela ngemva kokutholakala kwayo, lapho ibhubhisa amasimu amakhulu amazambane eColorado. Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19, lezi zinhlobo zasakazeka kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Melika futhi zaqala ukungeniswa eYurophu. Ekugcineni zihlale eMpumalanga Nenkabazwe, i-Colorado potato beetle yaphumelela kuphela phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala.
Imuphi umonakalo odalwa yi-Colorado potato beetle?
I-Colorado potato beetle ingenye yezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu ezingadini, kuyilapho kokubili abadala kanye nezibungu zabo bonke ubudala zenza umonakalo ezitshalweni. Uma amabhungane anemithende abonakala emibhedeni, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kuyadingeka ukuqala ngokushesha ukulwa nezinambuzane.
Lezi zinambuzane ezincane zinesifiso "esinonya" futhi ziyakwazi ukubhubhisa wonke amasimu ngezitshalo zokudla ngesikhathi esifushane.
Izindlela zokulawula ibhungane
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, isintu besisebenza ngenkuthalo ukulwa namabhungane amazambane e-colorado. Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezehlukene ukucekela phansi izinambuzane eziyingozi.
Kuye kwenziwa izibulala-zinambuzane eziningi ezisebenzayo ukuze zibulale ibhungane lezambane laseColorado. Okuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo kwakuyizidakamizwa u-Commander, Actellik 500 EC, Decis, Aktara no-Arrivo.
Le ndlela ihilela ukuqoqwa kwezinambuzane ngesandla futhi ifanele ukusetshenziswa ekuqaleni kokutheleleka, lapho inani lezinambuzane lingakafiki ezingeni elibucayi.
Ukuze ulwe ne-Colorado potato beetle, abalimi abanolwazi basebenzisa imibhede ye-mulching, befafaza ngama-infusions nama-decoctions, kanye nokutshala izitshalo ezixosha izinambuzane.
Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-biopreparations esekelwe kumagciwane kanye nesikhunta, kanye nokuheha izitha zemvelo ze-Colorado potato beetle endaweni.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana ne-Colorado potato beetle
I-Colorado potato beetle idume kabi cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Enqubweni yokubuka nokufunda lezi zinambuzane eziyingozi, abantu baqaphele izici ezimbalwa ezithakazelisayo:
- zingenye yezinambuzane eziqine kakhulu futhi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle, zingawela e-diapause iminyaka engu-3;
- Amabhungane e-Colorado amazambane andiza ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esinomoya, ngenxa yokuthi angafinyelela isivinini esingafika ku-7 km ngehora;
- ebona ukuthi ingozi isondela, amabhungane anobuqili awela phansi aphakamise isisu enze sengathi afile.
isiphetho
Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu abantu belwa ne-Colorado potato beetle, futhi naphezu kwemizamo yabo emihle, lesi zinambuzane esinemigqa sibuya ngokuphindaphindiwe. Isixazululo esifanele kuphela sokusindisa isivuno ukucubungula njalo kwemibhede kanye nokuqaliswa kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Ngaphambilini