Ukulwa ne-Colorado potato beetle: isiqondiso esilula sokunqoba izinambuzane
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, abanikazi be-dacha kanye nezakhamuzi zezindlu ezizimele ekugcineni baqala kabusha umsebenzi ezindaweni zabo. Imisebe yelanga yokuqala phakathi nalesi sikhathi ibonakala ifudumele futhi inika abantu amandla nesisusa, kodwa ukufudumala kuletha nezinkinga ezithile. Zonke izinambuzane ezihlala isikhathi eside zisebenza ngalesi sikhathi, futhi enye yezinto ezicasulayo neziyingozi phakathi kwazo yi-Colorado potato beetle.
Okuqukethwe
Ibukeka kanjani i-Colorado potato beetle?
Abalimi abanolwazi bajwayelene nayo I-Colorado amazambane beetle. Lezi izinambuzane ezincane ezinomzimba oyindilinga, oyi-convex. Ubude bhungane omdala ayidluli 8-12 mm.
Ibhungane labantu abadala kanye nezibungu zalo.
I-elytra yalesi sinambuzane ihlotshiswe ngemigqa eshintshanayo emnyama nokuphuzi ngokukhanyayo. I-pronotum inombala osawolintshi ogqamile, enephethini yamachashaza amnyama anobunjwa obuhlukahlukene.
Izibungu I-Colorado potato beetle ayiyona ingozi futhi idumile kunabantu abadala. Ubude bomzimba wabo bungafinyelela ku-15 mm. Ikhanda nemilenze yengane imnyama. Umbala womzimba uyashintsha lapho ukhula usuka kobomvu-nsundu uye ophuzi ngokugqamile noma opinki okhanyayo. Emaceleni kunemigqa emibili yamabala amnyama ayindilinga.
Yini eyingozi
I-Colorado potato beetle iyakwazi ukuzala ngenani elimangalisayo. Owesifazane oyedwa ngesizini ngayinye angakhiqiza abantu abasha abasuka ku-300 kuya ku-1000. Izibungu eziyingozi kanye "nabazali" bazo zishwabadela amaqabunga ezitshalo zefolishi, zishiya imithambo neziqu eziwugqinsi kuphela.
I-Hordes of Colorado beetle ngesikhathi esifushane iyakwazi ukucekela phansi imibhede yezitshalo ezinjalo, njengo:
- amazambane;
- utamatisi;
- Upelepele waseBulgaria;
- isitshalo seqanda.
Izindlela zokulwa
Uma i-Colorado beetles ibonakala kusayithi, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuqala ukulwa nabo ngokushesha.
Lesi silokazane esiyingozi siyakwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo eminingi ngesizini eyodwa, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukwelashwa okungaphezu kokukodwa ukusindisa isivuno.
amakhemikhali
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi esheshayo yokuqeda amabhungane ayingozi ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile. Ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwalesi zinambuzane, kunokukhethwa okukhulu kakhulu kwezibulala-zinambuzane emakethe. Okudume kakhulu phakathi kwabo yilezi:
- Ivanhoe;
- Fatrin;
- Qi-Alpha;
- Tsunami;
- I-Decis;
- Ukufutheka.
I-Biopreparation
Izidakamizwa ezimelene nabantu abadala nezibungu.
Isayensi yezinto eziphilayo futhi ubonise ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ungalimazi umhlabathi kanye nemvelo. Imikhiqizo enjalo yenziwa ngesisekelo samagciwane noma isikhunta. Imikhiqizo yebhayoloji ephumelela kakhulu ngokumelene ne-Colorado potato beetle yile:
- I-Bitoxibacillin;
- I-Fitoverm;
- U-Akarin.
Izindlela zokupheka zabantu
Phakathi neminyaka yokulwa ne-Colorado potato beetle, abantu bathole eziningi eziphumelelayo izindlela zokuxosha izinambuzane ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezithuthukisiwe. Kodwa, izindlela zokupheka eziningana zabantu ziye zazuza ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabalimi.
Izingxenye eziluhlaza zezitshalo zifafazwa nge-gypsum eyomile, usimende noma ummbila. Lapho kudliwa amaqabunga, ashawa ngenye yalezi zinto, izinambuzane ezindala nezibungu ziyafa.
Ukwesabisa izinambuzane, kwanele ukumboza ama-aisles emibhedeni yamazambane nge-sawdust entsha. I-pine noma i-birch sawdust ifaneleka kakhulu. Iphunga elihlabayo lokhuni olusanda kusaha alimnandi neze kulawa mabhungane, futhi azozama ukusuka kuwo.
ukufutha
Umphumela omuhle ekulweni ne-Colorado potato beetle unikezwa ukucutshungulwa kwezihlahla zamazambane usebenzisa izindlela eziningi.
| Ukulungiselela | Iresiphi |
|---|---|
| Ukumnika amaqabunga ama-walnut | Thela u-2 kg wamaqabunga omile namalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese ushiya izinsuku ezinhlanu. |
| Isixazululo se-birch tar | Ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi, udinga u-10 g we-birch tar kanye no-50 g wensipho yokuwasha egayiwe. |
| Ukumnika amagxolo omtholo amhlophe | Thela i-1 kg yegxolo elomile namalitha ayi-10 amanzi bese ushiya izinsuku ezingu-2-3. |
| I-decoction ye-pepper eyomile eshisayo | Chaza bese ubilisa amagremu ayi-10 kapelepele ngamalitha ayi-100 amanzi, shiya izinsuku ezi-2. |
| Ukumnika izikhumba zika-anyanisi | Iphansi lebhakede lekhoba elomile lithelwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Kuyadingeka ukubeka umthwalo ukuze i-husk ingantanti phezulu futhi igcizelele izinsuku ezi-2. Nciphisa i-1: 1 ngamanzi ahlanzekile bese ufutha. |
| I-decoction ene-cannabis eqhakaza | Kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi udinga i-1 kg yezimbali noma u-2 kg wotshani obomile. Bilisa imizuzu engama-30 bese uhlunga. |
Indlela yokwenziwa ngesandla
Ukuqoqwa kwamabhungane ngesandla.
Le ndlela ifaneleka kuphela ezindaweni ezincane, njengoba kuhilela ukuqoqa izinambuzane ngesandla. Akunconywa ukuchoboza izibungu namabhungane ngqo engadini. Ukuqoqa amabhungane, isitsha esifanelekayo esinesivalo silungiswa kusengaphambili, phansi lapho kuthululelwa isisombululo esinamandla saline noma i-parafini, ngemva kwalokho isihlahla ngasinye sihlolisiswa ngokucophelela.
Zonke izinambuzane ezitholakalayo zifakwa ngaphakathi kwesitsha, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola indawo engaphansi yamaqabunga, njengoba ingase ibe nenani elikhulu lamaqanda nezibungu.
izitha zemvelo
Ukuletha izitha zemvelo ze-Colorado potato beetle endaweni nakho kuyindlela ephumelelayo nephephile. Izilwane ezilandelayo zizosiza ukuqeda izinambuzane ezinemigqa esizeni:
- ama-lacewings;
- amabhungane emhlabathini;
- ama-pheasant;
- izinyoni zeguinea;
- izinkanyezi;
- izimbungulu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zamazambane ezimelana nokuhlaselwa kwe-Colorado potato beetle
Indlela elula yokuvikela amazambane ku-Colorado potato beetle ukutshala izinhlobonhlobo ezimelana nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, izitshalo ezimelana nazo zinezici ezimbalwa ama-Colorados angazange azithande futhi zisize izitshalo zibekezelele kalula ukuhlaselwa yizitha:
- ubuso bamaqabunga bubuhlungu futhi bumbozwe ngama-villi amaningi;
- ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu le-solanine engxenyeni eluhlaza yezitshalo;
- ikhono lokubuyisela ngokushesha futhi ukwandise ubukhulu obuluhlaza;
- ukuzivikela okuqinile.
Ububi bezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo ukunambitheka kwazo okuphakathi kanye nesivuno.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokutshala yonke indawo ngamazambane amasha, kufanele uzame ngokutshala izihlahla ezimbalwa. Izinhlobo ezibekezelela kangcono ukuhlaselwa kwe-Colorado potato beetle yilezi:
- Nikulinsky;
- IBryansk inokwethenjelwa;
- Lasunok;
- Kamensky;
- Ekuseni;
- Nakra.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela
Kunzima kakhulu ukulwa nezixuku ze-Colorado potato beetle, kodwa izinyathelo ezivamile zokuvimbela zingenza lula lo msebenzi. Izinqubo ezilandelayo zizosiza ukunciphisa isibalo sabantu futhi bethusabe kude nemibhede:
- ukumba inhlabathi ejulile ngemva kokuvuna;
- ukwengeza inani elincane lomlotha wezinkuni, sawdust noma ikhasi lika-anyanisi emithonjeni ngaphambi kokutshala;
- ukukhishwa ngaphandle kokutshala ezinye izitshalo emndenini we-nightshade eduze kwemibhede yamazambane;
- ukuxegiswa njalo kwenhlabathi nokuhlanza ukhula emibhedeni.
Umphumela omuhle futhi ukutshala eduze kwemibhede ngamazambane ezitshalo ezikwaziyo ukwesabisa isilokazane... Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- i-calendula;
- i-marigold;
- i-violet ebusuku;
- i-coriander;
- ikhukhamba utshani;
- i-hemp.
isiphetho
Iminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi wayo, i-Colorado potato beetle izuze ngokufanelekile isihloko sezinambuzane eziyinhloko zamazambane. Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwezinambuzane ngokushesha lwandisa inani labantu futhi lubekezelela izimo ezimbi, kunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nalo. Kodwa, ukwelashwa okuvamile ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ukuvimbela kanye nobuchwepheshe obufanele bezolimo ngokuqinisekile kuzoletha umphumela oyifunayo futhi kusindise isivuno.
Ngaphambilini