Ziyini izintuthwane: izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezilwane aziyeki ukumangala

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Imvelo idale izinambuzane ezingavamile - izintuthwane. Izinambuzane ezincane zihlukaniswa ngokukhuthala okukhulu. Ezinye zazo zinenzuzo. Kodwa-ke, abanye bayakwazi ukudala umonakalo ezingadini. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici zalo zesakhiwo, umbala, imikhuba.

Okuqukethwe

Incazelo kanye nendima yesinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo
isiphetho

Incazelo kanye nendima yesinambuzane

Nakuba izinhlobonhlobo zingase zehluke ngokudla, indlela yokuphila, kanye nokuthandwayo kokubukeka, kunento eyodwa zonke ezifana ngazo. Lezi zinambuzane ezihlakaniphile zihlala ekoloni elihlelekile lapho ilungu ngalinye linendima eliyidlalayo.

Izintuthwane zinzima kakhulu ukubala. Isibalo sabantu sishintsha njalo, kuvela abasha, futhi abanye bayafa. Bona ngomsebenzi wabo inzuzo:

khulula inhlabathi;
thwala imbewu;
enothisa umhlabathi.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo

Ngokwezilinganiso ezihlukahlukene, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-300 zezinambuzane zihlala eRussia. Kodwa izintuthwane akulula kakhulu ukungazibala kahle, zihlala zishintsha futhi kuvela ama-hybrids. Phakathi kwalabo abahlala kwamanye amazwe nasemazwenikazi, kunabantu abaningi abangavamile.

intuthwane kaFaro

Izisebenzi ziphuzi ngombala. Amaphiko awekho. Ezinsikazi zinombala ophuzi ngokunsundu kanti abesilisa bamnyama. Amaduna anamaphiko. Ubukhulu besilisa buyi-3,5 mm, kanti abesifazane - kufika ku-4,5 mm. Izinambuzane zithanda izindawo ezimnyama nezimanzi. Umehluko omkhulu ezihlotsheni ukukhwelana ezidlekeni. Lolu wuhlobo lwezintuthwane ezihlala emafulethini nasezindlini. Izimuncagazi zivame ukuhlala ezintweni zikagesi zasendlini nangemuva kwephepha lodonga. Zidla ukudla okulahlwayo, uvolo kanye nesikhumba. Izintuthwane ziyingozi ngoba zingangenwa uvendle.

idlozi

Ubukhulu bezinambuzane bungaba kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-13 mm. Umbala obomvu. Emzimbeni wabesilisa kunezinwele ezibomvu. Isifuba sihlotshiswe ngebala elimnyama. Izinambuzane azikwesabi isimo sezulu esibandayo. Izindawo zokuhlala - izimfunda, ama-glades, imiphetho yamazwe aseYurophu. Ukudla kuqukethe i-honeydew (i-sweet secretions of aphid) kanye nezinsalela zezinambuzane ezifile. Izibungu zidla izinambuzane eziphilayo. I-anthill eyodwa ingaba nabantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-50-70. Aziyona ingozi kubantu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka ngokulunywa.

Ovuna Intuthwane

Lolu hlobo luthanda izindawo ezishisayo ezishisayo. Ubukhulu buhluka phakathi kuka-4-16 mm. Umndeni unabantu abangafika ku-5000, indlovukazi eyodwa, abesifazane abambalwa abangavundisiwe. Isiduli singafakwa emhlabathini ekujuleni kwamamitha amaningana. Izindawo ezinjalo ebusweni zibonakala ngendunduma encane. Ukudla kuqukethe okusanhlamvu nezithelo ezomile zezitshalo. Zidla kuphela imbewu ewile, ngaphandle kokulimaza isivuno.

intuthwane yehlathi ebomvu

Izinambuzane zihlala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ye-Eurasia. Ubukhulu bomuntu ngamunye busuka ku-7 kuye ku-14 mm. Umbala obomvu-nsundu. Ukuphuma koshevu wezintuthwane ezine-asidi kuvela endlaleni esesiswini. Izintuthwane zidla imfucumfucu yezitshalo, uju, nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Ngenxa yabo, izitshalo zihlala ezindaweni ezintsha. Izinambuzane futhi zivimbela ukuzala ngokweqile kwezinambuzane. Lolu hlobo lubhalwe ku-Red Book.

intuthwane yasengadini emnyama

Izinhlobonhlobo ezivame kakhulu eRussia. Futhi uhlala e-Asia, eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika. Usayizi kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-5 mm. Isibeletho singafinyelela ku-1 cm ubude. Umbala ungaba kusuka kumnyama kuya kumnyama. Ukudla kwezinambuzane kuqukethe uketshezi olumnandi, izinambuzane eziphilayo nezifile, izithelo nompe. Izintuthwane zasengadini ezimnyama zingabizwa ngokuphephile ngokuthi izinambuzane, njengoba abangane bazo kuyi-aphid kanye ne-mealybugs. Ukulunywa kubuhlungu kubantu, kodwa akunangozi.

intuthwane yezinkuni

Igama lesibili yi-camonotus. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1000. Bahlala kuwo wonke umhlaba. Izindawo zokuzalela iziphunzi nezihlahla eziphilayo. Nakuba ungahlangana nabo ngisho ogwadule. Uhlobo lwesinambuzane luthinta umbala nosayizi. Izinambuzane ziyingozi emahlathini nasezindlini zamapulangwe. Izinambuzane zibamba imiqumbe nezinkuni. Kusuka ezindlini zamapulangwe, imishayo yokhuni, ifenisha, izinto zokwakha, uthuli lutholakala.

Izintuthwane zase-Amazon

Izindawo zokuhlala - enyakatho ye-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika. E-Russia, ama-Amazons ahlala eSiberia, eMpumalanga Ekude naseningizimu yezwe. Ubukhulu bezintuthwane bufinyelela ku-10 mm. Umbala uyahluka kusukela kobomvu ukuya kunsundu omnyama kanye nomnyama. Kubantu, azibeki ingozi. Umehluko walolu hlobo wukungabikho kwabantu abasebenzayo. Lokhu kubi kunxeshezelwa ngokuthunjwa kwenzalo yomunye umuntu. Ngokuvamile izimfunda noma ihlathi ezihlukahlukene ziba yizisulu. Ukuhleleka kwekoloni elisha nakho akujwayelekile. Insikazi evundisiwe ithatha isiduli, ibulale indlovukazi bese ithatha indawo yayo.

I-Bulldog Ant

Igama livela eqinisweni lokuthi izinambuzane zinemihlathi enezici. Indawo yokuhlala - e-Australia, eNew Zealand naseNew Caledonia. Ama-bulldog anamehlo amakhulu aqhumile. Ubukhulu bomzimba bufika ku-30 mm. Umbala ungaba mnyama, onsundu, obomvu ogqamile, owolintshi. Izinambuzane zingagxuma, okuyinto eyivelakancane phakathi kwezihlobo. Badla iminyovu nezinyosi. Izintuthwane ngeke zenqabe ukudla ijusi elimnandi lezitshalo. Ukulunywa kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu obunyamalala phakathi nesonto. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukungezwani okukhulu komzimba kungabulala.

intuthwane yokusika amaqabunga

Ubukhulu bomzimba bufika ku-2 cm. Izindawo zokuhlala - ingxenye eseningizimu ye-USA naseNyakatho Melika. Batshala amakhowe ezidulini. Igama libangelwa ukuthambekela kokusika amaqabunga nezimbali, kulandelwa ukudluliselwa esidlekeni. Ukulunywa akunangozi kubantu. Abahlukunyezwa yi-Allergy bangase babe nokusabela komuntu ngamunye kanye nokuba bomvu. Ezingadini, ukubonakala kwabasiki bamaqabunga kuyinkinga enkulu. Ngosuku, izinambuzane ziyakwazi ukusika zonke izimbali namaqabunga.

intuthwane yenhlamvu

Izinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye. Ubuthi bunobuthi obukhulu futhi bubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, okukhumbuza ukuzwa kwenxeba lenhlamvu. Ubuhlungu buqhubeka amahora angu-24. Izindawo zokuhlala - amahlathi anomswakama futhi ashisayo aseNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi. Ubude bomzimba busuka ku-1,8 ukuya ku-2,5 cm. Umbala onsundu-mnyama. Ukudla kuqukethe izinambuzane eziphilayo nezifile, izilwane ezinomgogodla ezincane. Izintuthwane ziyakwazi ukuhlasela umuntu uma kwenzeka ingozi empilweni.

Intuthwane ebomvu yomlilo

Ubuthi abukho ngaphansi kobuthi kunobuthi bezintuthwane. Ukulunywa kubangela umuzwa ovuthayo. Ekuqaleni, lolu hlobo lwalubonakala kuphela eBrazil. Okwamanje, izindawo zokuhlala yi-Australia, New Zealand, China, USA. Ubude bomzimba busuka ku-2 kuye ku-6 mm. Umbala onsundu ngokubomvu. Zidla izilwane nezitshalo. Izintuthwane zinolaka kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukucekela phansi iningi lezidalwa eziphilayo.

ibutho intuthwane isosha

Lolu hlobo lubizwa ngokuthi i-nomadic. Izindawo zokuhlala - isigodi sase-Afrika, e-Asia nase-Amazon. Ubude bomzimba bufinyelela ku-15 mm. Umbala obomvu ngokumnyama. Isibeletho sebutho le-ant-sosha sinobukhulu obukhulu kakhulu - cm 5. Igama lihlotshaniswa nezici zokuziphatha - ukungabi khona kwezidleke ezihlala njalo. Ahambahamba ngaso sonke isikhathi, ame kuphela ukuze alingane. Isakhiwo esiyindilinga sinemizimba exhumene ngosizo lwemihlathi. Izinambuzane ziyingozi kubantu nasezilwaneni ezinkulu. Bayizimpumputhe futhi bahlasela wonke umuntu ngokungakhethi. Bangakwazi ukuklebhula ihhashi.

intuthwane yoju

Isici salolu hlobo yikhono lokugcina izinqolobane ezinkulu ze-honeydew nejusi esiswini. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zikwazi ukusinda ogwadule nasemigwaqweni ewugwadule. Iqoqo elilodwa linezintuthwane ezisukela ezigidini eziyikhulu kuya kwezimbalwa ezilawulwa indlovukazi. Cishe i-100 kg yoju ingakhanywa ezinambuzaneni eziyi-1000.

intuthwane ephuzi

Igama lihlotshaniswa nokuziphatha okuyisiphithiphithi kwesinambuzane. Ubude bomzimba abudluli ku-4 mm. Umbala ophuzi-nsundu. I-Afrika ithathwa njengezwe lakubo. Nokho, manje izintuthwane zihlala eziqhingini zase-Indian and Pacific Ocean. Izinambuzane zivame ukuhlanganisa ama-supercoloni zibe umfelandawonye. Ingxenye ngayinye inezisebenzi zayo kanye nesibeletho. Kodwa akukho mncintiswano phakathi kwabo. Bavame ukubambisana futhi basize ekuthathweni kwezindawo ezintsha.

isiphetho

Kuze kube manje, ososayensi baye bahlola izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezingaba ngu-4000 260. E-Russia, kunezinhlobo ezingama-XNUMX. Uhlobo ngalunye luhlukile futhi luhlukile. Izintuthwane eziningi azinangozi nhlobo. Kodwa ukuhlangana nabanye kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi ngisho nasekufeni.

Ngaphambilini

IzintuthwaneIndlela intuthwane ebukeka ngayo: indlela isakhiwo esiqinisekisa ngayo ukusinda kwezinambuzane

Okulandelayo

IzintuthwaneIndlela yokuqeda izintuthwane ezindizayo endlini